iRAPA - International Research & Publishing Academy (E-Journals)
iRAPA - International Research & Publishing Academy (E-Journals)Not a member yet
512 research outputs found
Sort by
Examining the Relationship Between Burnout and Specific Self-Care Practices in Mental Health Professionals in Pakistan
Full text linkThis study is based on burnout and self-care practices of mental health professionals. Mental health professionals work in an environment where they provide one-sided care, in which they have to give empathy, compassion and care without getting it in return from the clients. This one-way connection requires lots of energy and effort, increasing the risk of stress and burnout, resulting in disturbed emotional and physical health. A mental health professional\u27s disturbed health can lead to compromised client therapy outcomes. Subsequently, self-care is considered to be an essential tool to minimize negative consequences, and it increases positive outcomes and improves quality of life. The objective of the study is to assess the relationship between burnout and six domains of self-care (physical self-care, psychological, emotional, spiritual, workplace and balance). It is a cross-sectional, survey design research. Participants included in the study are practising mental health professionals, psychologists and psychiatrists. Around 385 participants from all over Pakistan were included in the study. Results of the study indicate a significant relationship between burnout and self-care
Examining the Portrayal of Women in Advertising and Its Impact on Youngsters in Pakistan
Full text linkAdvertisement is the fundamental way to introduce the newly formed products in the market as well as to increase the sale of exiting products. Portrayal of women in advertisements of Pakistani products becomes an important discussion now-a-day. This research paper elaborates the fact that how it portrays women in Pakistani advertising and its complete impacts on the young generation of Pakistan. The literature review of the paper mainly focusses on a peculiar point that women are mostly portrayed in advertisement in two different ways (i)as house wives and as (ii) attractive objects. In most advertisements of Pakistan women are put on stage as a decoration object to attract the viewers’ attention which create a sense of modern culture. The conclusion of the paper shows that women are just like a decoration piece and therefore women are only portraying for the attention of the viewers which induce the products market. They only indicate the physical beauty of the women to enhance or introduce the product in the market to earn
Exploring the Digital World: Risks, Rights, and Opportunities for Children in Pakistan
Full text linkDigital media is transforming interpersonal relations and choices worldwide, including among children. While the internet offers valuable opportunities for learning and networking, it also exposes young netizens to significant risks, affecting their cognitive and emotional well-being. As internet usage among Pakistani children increases, it becomes crucial to optimize its benefits while mitigating associated threats. This study, grounded in the Early Childhood Development and Uses and Gratification Theories, examines the interplay of online opportunities and risks among children in Pakistan. Using a structured questionnaire, adapted from Livingstone (2016) and Global Kids Online (2020), data were collected from 401 children aged 9–17 across the country to assess their online experiences. Findings indicate three key insights: (1) the internet plays an important role in supporting children’s education and socialization; (2) children often encounter online threats, including cyberbullying, privacy breaches, and harmful content; (3) poor digital literacy and inadequate parental guidance increase vulnerability to these risks. The study highlights the urgent need for targeted interventions by parents, educators, and policymakers. Enhancing digital literacy and integrating children’s perspectives into national strategies are essential steps toward fostering a safer, more empowering digital environment for young users in Pakistan
The Role of Artificial Intelligence in Personalizing Social Media Advertising: Benefits, Challenges, and Future Directions
Full text linkThe analysis investigates how Artificial Intelligence operates through social media advertising to personalize marketing content while exploring beneficial aspects together with risks that appear today and the possible outcomes of the future. The social media platform has achieved a new level with AI technologies that have personalized ads to attract users for purchasing or engagement. The incorporation of an AI system creates essential problems because it affects consumer privacy exposes inherent algorithmic preferences and causes users to depend excessively on artificial solutions. The implementation of AI in developing countries lets businesses enhance advertising precision while managing costs effectively and encounters obstacles from privacy restrictions and minimal infrastructures and staffing problems. Research explores three main issues about AI ethics alongside data transparency requirements along with the essential combination of AI analytics and human creativity. Marketers need to address operational difficulties and control AI usage commitments to build an effective and inclusive digital marketing environment in which AI technology is developing
Association of Resilience with Appearance Anxiety in Burn Survivors in Pakistan: A Cross-Sectional Study
Full text linkBurn injuries are not only physically devastating but also impair the victim’s self-worth, social interactions and occupational functioning with significant social, emotional and physical health consequences among survivors globally and in Pakistan in particular. In Pakistani culture, where appearance is weighed more heavily and it has a significant link with social approval, acceptance and beautification. The cross-sectional study design was used to investigate the association of resilience with appearance anxiety among burn survivors in Karachi, Pakistan. The study involved participants with second- and third-degree burns, recruited from the Burns Ward at Civil Hospital, Karachi. Participants completed the Resilience Scale (RS) and the Appearance Anxiety Inventory (AAI). Results revealed a significant negative relationship of resilience with appearance anxiety, indicating that higher resilience is associated with a lower level of appearance-related anxiety. The findings underscore that resilience significantly mitigates burn survivors’ psychosocial challenges, and incorporating culturally tailored resilience-building strategies into rehabilitation programs is essential for enhancing their quality of life in Pakistan
A Statistical Analysis of Teaching Methodologies and Their Impact on Students\u27 Performance
Full text linkThis study investigated the relative success of six different teaching strategies including teacher-centred, student-centred, interactive classroom, flipped classroom, adaptive learning, and online instruction on students\u27 academic performance. The study employed a quantitative design grounded in interpretivism to collect data from students via a structured survey. Statistical tests were used to identify which methods of teaching are most effective on students’ performance, despite controlling for demographic variables such as Socioeconomic Status (SES). To determine statistical relationships between academic achievement and teaching strategies, three null hypotheses were developed. The findings suggest that interactive classroom techniques, which involve the combination of collaboration, feedback, and real-time interaction, prove to be the best ones to improve the performance, motivation, and retention rates of the students. The results also indicate that the influence of demographics is not absolute; it is not that the pedagogical effect of teaching style is insignificant. The paper presents evidence-based suggestions that can be adopted by teachers and policy makers to ensure that interactive and technology-based strategies are incorporated in higher learning institutions to enhance learning
The Paradigm Shift in School Education in Sindh: From Traditional Learning to Smart Learning
Full text linkModern education needs smart learning systems because traditional methods prevail in the Sindh region and other areas. This research adopts a qualitative approach to explore three essential elements: the present learning environment, the necessity of transitioning to smart learning, and barriers to its implementation. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews with educators and administrators, alongside classroom observations. Thematic analysis revealed that traditional teacher-focused methods remain dominant over digital learning approaches in the study area. Participants highlighted that smart learning can enhance student engagement, creativity, and academic outcomes. However, various challenges hinder implementation, including inadequate infrastructure, lack of trained personnel, insufficient policy support, and limited funding. Classroom observations confirmed that schools face dual issues—scarcity of digital resources and teacher resistance to technological change. The study underscores the urgent need for strategic policy reforms, targeted professional development, and dedicated financial investment in digital infrastructure to support the successful adoption of smart learning environments. The findings provide actionable recommendations for educational leaders seeking sustainable digital transformation across both public and private institutions in Sindh
Mechanochemistry\u27s Role in the Synthesis of Solid Form of Olanzapine Drug: A Review
Full text linkMechanochemistry has recently been identified as an attractive greener method of preparing diverse molecules and has become an imperative synthetic tool in multiple fields (e.g., physics, chemistry, and materials science) because it can be performed without solvents or with minimal quantities of solvent (catalytic quantities). A variety of chemistry fields have benefited from using sustainable methods, including drug synthesis, catalysis, organic synthesis, preparation of medicinal solid forms, metal complex synthesis, etc. This review highlights the hallmarks of using mechanochemical methods to prepare multicomponent solid forms, particularly those focused on the Olanzapine drug. As a result, Olanzapine -multicomponent solid forms prepared by mechanochemical methods have many advantages over their liquid-phase counterparts in terms of yield, selectivity, short reaction times, a simpler work-up procedure, and eliminating harmful organic solvents
Indirect Estimation of Total Prostatic Specific Antigen (TPSA) on Glassy Carbon Electrode Through its Interaction with Zinc Acetate Using Differential Pulse Voltammetric Technique
Full text linkAn indirect electrochemical behaviour of total prostatic specific antigen (TPSA) was studied using the differential pulse technique coupled with a three-electrode detection system, which consists of 2mm diameter glassy carbon as working electrode, 2mm diameter platinum wire as an auxiliary electrode and silver/silver chloride saturated potassium chloride as reference electrode (Ag/AgCl sat KCl). The method is based on monitoring the decrease in the zinc acetate reduction peak current, which is due to its interaction with TPSA. Acetate buffer solution (pH4) was used, the potential scanned between -1.4 V to -0.5V, and the optimum conditions were tested. The calibration curve for TPSA was constructed for a sequence addition of TPSA, and it was linear within the studied concentration range (2.4431- 24.4554) x10-9 M, with a correlation coefficient of 0.9763 and calibration equation y= 0.0308x + 1.287. The binding constant (k) and the thermodynamic parameters (ΔG, ΔH, and ΔS) for Zn2+- TPSA interaction were calculated
An Analysis of Women Laws in Pakistan: Theory and Practice
Full text linkPakistani society is known to be a patriarchal society with men dominating every aspect of human life. As a result, women based on their gender identity have to suffer. To empower the women, various laws have been introduced in the country. The study focuses on two major laws introduced in Pakistan, (i.e. Hudood Laws 1979 by Zia-ul-Haq and Women Protection Act 2006 by Pervez Musharraf) to analyse their impact (both positive and negative) upon the legal status of women. The study tries to find the answer to the question that how far the laws protected the women and empowered them, whether the laws strengthened the legal position of the women or they (the women) had to suffer more and more. The study implies a qualitative method of analysis of various reported cases by screening mentioned laws to determine their validity in terms of women empowerment. The study concluded that though various laws were introduced for the empowerment of women in Pakistan the laws were either misinterpreted or misused when it comes to protecting women, even the courts, especially the lower ones failed to understand the true spirit of laws and their judgments were frequently set aside by superior courts (High Courts, Federal Shariat Court and Supreme Court), therefore, the women are in dire need of more practical approach towards the implementation of the laws