Repositorio da Universidade da Coruña
Not a member yet
35055 research outputs found
Sort by
Transnational criminal justice instruments and the management of ‘unwanted’ EU nationals: an introduction
Get PDF[Abstract] This introduction presents an overview of the key concepts discussed in the subsequent chapters of this book. The book explores several EU law instruments aimed at enabling the cross-border cooperation of national criminal justice authorities in prosecuting and punishing criminal offences in cases where actors from different jurisdictions are involved. It explores in more detail the aforementioned aspects of transnational justice and forced mobility practices. The book then discusses the process of transposition of Framework Decision 909 in Italy, highlighting Italian authorities’ attempted use of this legal device to create conditions to transfer foreign national prisoners out of Italy to deal with long-criticised overcrowding problems in the country's prison system. It also focuses on the analysis of the workings of the European Arrest Warrant (EAW). The book provides a detailed analysis of the Court of Justice of the European Union cases relating to the refusal grounds in the execution of the EAW
Large-scale physical facility and experimental dataset for the validation of urban drainage models
Get PDFFinanciado para publicación en acceso aberto: Universidade da Coruña/CISUG[Abstract:] Numerical models are currently the main tool used to simulate the effects of urban flooding. The validation of these models requires thorough and accurate observed data in order to test their performance. The current study presents a series of laboratory experiments in a large-scale urban drainage physical facility of approximately 100 m2 that includes roofs, streets, inlets, manholes and sewers. The facility is equipped with a rainfall simulator as well as a surface runoff and pipe inflows generators. The experiments were divided in two sets. In Set 1 the surface runoff was generated exclusively by the rainfall input, while in Set 2 the rainfall simulator was used in combination with the runoff generators. In all the tests the water discharge was measured at points on the inlets, roofs, and outfall. The water depth at different locations of the facility was also measured. The experimental tests were replicated numerically using the urban drainage model Iber-SWMM. Experimental results show that, even in a relatively small catchment the peaks in the hydrographs generated at each element of the facility during intermittent rainfalls are significantly attenuated at the catchment outlet. The agreement between the experimental and numerical results show that there are some differences in the hydrographs generated at each element, but that these differences compensate each other and disappear at the outfall. The results generated provide the research community with a thorough and high-resolution dataset obtained under controlled laboratory conditions in a large-scale urban drainage facility, something which has not previously been available.This study was received financial support from the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation (MCIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033) within the project “SATURNO: Early warning against pluvial flooding in urban areas” (PID2020-118368RB-I00) as well as from the project POREDRAIN (RTI2018-094217-B-C33) funded from the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation, Agencia Estatal de Investigación (AEI) and the European Regional Development Fund (ERDF). The urban drainage facility was financed with the grant EQC2019-006507-P funded by MCIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033 and ERDF “A Way of making Europe”. Funding for open access charge: Universidade da Coruña/CISUG.
The authors would also like to acknowledge the support of Gabriela Vila, Gonzalo García-Alén and the staff of the CITEEC during the experiments, as well as subsequent discussions with Manuel Regueiro-Picallo
Sustainable transparency on recommender systems: Bayesian ranking of images for explainability
Get PDF[Abstract]: Recommender Systems have become crucial in the modern world, commonly guiding users towards relevant content or products, and having a large influence over the decisions of users and citizens. However, ensuring transparency and user trust in these systems remains a challenge; personalized explanations have emerged as a solution, offering justifications for recommendations. Among the existing approaches for generating personalized explanations, using existing visual content created by users is a promising option to maximize transparency and user trust. State-of-the-art models that follow this approach, despite leveraging highly optimized architectures, employ surrogate learning tasks that do not efficiently model the objective of ranking images as explanations for a given recommendation; this leads to a suboptimal training process with high computational costs that may not be reduced without affecting model performance. This work presents BRIE, a novel model where we leverage Bayesian Pairwise Ranking to enhance the training process, allowing us to consistently outperform state-of-the-art models in six real-world datasets while reducing its model size by up to 64 times and its CO2 emissions by up to 75% in training and inference.This research work has been funded by MICIU/AEI /10.13039/501100011033 and ESF+ (grant FPU21/05783), ERDF A way of making Europe (PID2019-109238GB-C22) and ERDF/EU (PID2021-128045OA-I00), and by the Xunta de Galicia, Spain (Grant ED431C 2022/44) with the European Union ERDF funds. CITIC, as Research Center accredited by Galician University System, is funded by “Consellería de Cultura, Educación e Universidade from Xunta de Galicia ”, supported in an 80% through ERDF Operational Programme Galicia 2014–2020, and the remaining 20% by “Secretaría Xeral de Universidades” (Grant ED431G 2019/01).Xunta de Galicia; ED431C 2022/44Xunta de Galicia; ED431G 2019/0
XV Congreso Español de Tratamiento de Aguas. Libro de Resúmenes. A Coruña, 2024, del 19 al 21 de junio
No full textLas plataformas digitales en la comercialización de los cuidados en los hogares: expansión y modelos de negocio
Get PDFRemarkable Isomer Effect on the Performance of Fully Non-Fused Non-Fullerene Acceptors in Near-Infrared Organic Photodetectors
Get PDF[Abstract]: Two fully non-fused small-molecule acceptors BTIC-1 and BTIC-2 are reportedfor application in near-infrared organic photodetectors (NIR OPDs). Bothacceptors contain the same conjugated backbone but differing sidechainregiochemistry, affording significant differences in their optical properties. Thehead-to-head arrangement of BTIC-2 results in a reduction of optical band gapof 0.17 eV compared to BTIC-1, which contains a head-to-tail arrangement,with absorption spanning the visible and near-IR regions up to 900 nm. Thesedifferences are rationalized on the basis of non-covalent intramolecularinteractions facilitating a more co-planar conformation for BTIC-2. OPDsbased on PM6:BTIC-2 deliver a low dark current density of 2.4 × 10−7 A cm−2 ,leading to a superior specific detectivity of 1.7 × 1011 Jones at 828 nm at -2 V.The optimized device exhibits an ultrafast photo response of 2.6 μs and a high-3 dB cut-off frequency of 130 kHz. This work demonstrates that fullynon-fused small-molecule acceptors offer competitive device performance forNIR OPDs compared to fused-ring electron acceptors, but with reducedsynthetic complexity. Furthermore, the study presents an efficient strategy toenhance device performance by varying conformational locks.X.H. and Z.Q. contributed equally to this work. The authors would liketo thank the Engineering and Physics Science Research Council (EP-SRC) (EP/V048686/1 and EP/T028513/1), the Royal Society and WolfsonFoundation, and the King Abdullah University of Science and Technology(KAUST) Office of Sponsored Research (OSR-2019-CRG8-4095) for finan-cial support
Approach to a comparative study between Vocabulario da Lingoa de Japam (1603) and Vocabulario de Japón (1630)
Get PDF[Resumen] El aprendizaje de la lengua japonesa por parte de los misioneros que llegaron a Japón durante los siglos XVI y XVII dio como fruto la publicación de diccionarios y gramáticas que aún hoy son poco conocidos. Entre ellos destaca el extenso Vocabulario da lingoa de Japam, elaborado por miembros de la Compañía de Jesús y publicado en Nagasaki en 1603. De esta obra, compuesta por más de treinta mil entradas, se publicó en Manila en el año 1630 una traducción al castellano atribuida al dominico vasco Jacinto Esquivel y al japonés Jacobo Kyushei, el Vocabulario de Japón, cuya información retomó Léon Pagès en su Dictionnaire japonais-français (1868). Los objetivos de este artículo son presentar los cambios introducidos en la versión castellana del Vocabulario, atendiendo a la macro y microestructura, señalar sus principales diferencias con respecto a la obra original y clasificar las modificaciones observadas.[Abstract] The learning of Japanese by missionaries who arrived in Japan during the 16th and 17th centuries resulted in the publication of dictionaries and grammars that are not still well known today. Among them, the extensive Vocabulario da lingoa de Japam stands out, produced by members of the Society of Jesus and published in Nagasaki in 1603. A Spanish translation of this work, composed of more than thirty thousand entries, was published in Manila in 1630, attributed to the Basque Dominican Jacinto Esquivel and to the Japanese Jacobo Kyushei. The information from this translation, entitled Vocabulario de Japón, was taken by Léon Pagès in his Dictionnaire japonais-français (1868). The objectives of this article are to present the changes introduced in the Castilian version of Vocabulario, considering both its macro and microstructure, to show its main differences regarding the original work, and to classify the observed modifications.Xunta de Galicia; ED431B 2022/4
Image sequence sorting algorithm for commercial tasks
Get PDF[Abstract]: Introduction: The sorting of sequences of images is crucial for augmenting user engagement in various virtual commercial platforms, particularly within the real estate sector. A coherent sequence of images respecting room type categorization significantly enhances the intuitiveness and seamless navigation of potential customers through listings.
Methods: This study methodically formalizes the challenge of image sequence sorting and expands its applicability by framing it as an ordering problem. The complexity lies in devising a universally applicable solution due to computational demands and impracticality of exhaustive searches for optimal sequencing. To tackle this, our proposed algorithm employs a shortest path methodology grounded in semantic similarity between images. Tailored specifically for the real estate sector, it evaluates diverse similarity metrics to efficiently arrange images. Additionally, we introduce a genetic algorithm to optimize the selection of semantic features considered by the algorithm, further enhancing its effectiveness.
Results: Empirical evidence from our dataset demonstrates the efficacy of the proposed methodology. It successfully organizes images in an optimal sequence across 85% of the listings, showcasing its effectiveness in enhancing user experience in virtual commercial platforms, particularly in real estate.
Conclusion: This study presents a novel approach to sorting sequences of images in virtual commercial platforms, particularly beneficial for the real estate sector. The proposed algorithm effectively enhances user engagement by providing more intuitive and visually coherent image arrangements.The author(s) declare that financial support was received for the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article. This study has been funded by the Consolidation Aid of the Xunta ED431C 2022/46. Also, this work received funding with reference PID2020-118362RB-I00, from the State Program of R+D+i Oriented to the Challenges of the Society of the Spanish Ministry of Science, Innovation, and Universities. Finally, PhotoILike received support from the Spanish Ministry for Science and Technology, through the Center for The Industrial Technological Development (CDTI), with the 2023 NEOTEC Grant (SNEO-20222114).Xunta de Galicia; ED431C 2022/4
Wind-solar technological, spatial and temporal complementarities in Europe: A portfolio approach
Get PDF[Abstract]: Climate change and geopolitical risks call for the rapid transformation of electricity systems worldwide, with
Europe at the forefront. Wind and solar are the lowest cost, lowest risk, and cleanest energy sources, but their
variability poses integration challenges. Combining both technologies and integrating regions with dissimilar
generation patterns optimizes the trade-off between maximizing energy output and minimizing its variability,
which respectively give the lowest levelized cost and lowest integration cost. We apply the Markowitz meanvariance framework to a rich multi-decade dataset of wind and solar productivity to quantify the potential
benefits of spatially integration of renewables across European countries at hourly, daily and monthly timescales.
We find that optimal cross-country coordination of wind and solar capacities across Europe’s integrated electricity system increases capacity factor by 22% while reducing hourly variability by 26%. We show limited
benefits to solar integration due to consistent output profiles across Europe. Greater wind integration yields
larger benefits due to the diversity of regional weather patterns. This framework shows the importance of
considering renewable projects not in isolation, but as interconnected parts of a pan-continental system. Our
results can guide policymakers towards strategic energy plans that reduce system-wide costs of renewable
electricity, accelerating the clean energy transitionJLP gratefully acknowledges the support of the Green Finance Specialist Education and Training Program of the Korea Ministry of Environment, which partially funded this research. IS and SP were funded through the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under grant agreement No 837089. IS also acknowledges support from EPSRC via EP/R045518/1.United Kingdom. Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council; EP/R045518/
Are artificial intelligence chatbots a reliable source of information about contact lenses?
Get PDF[Abstract]: Introduction
Artificial Intelligence (AI) chatbots are able to explain complex concepts using plain language. The aim of this study was to assess the accuracy of three AI chatbots answering common questions related to contact lens (CL) wear.
Methods
Three open access AI chatbots were compared: Perplexity, Open Assistant and ChatGPT 3.5. Ten general CL questions were asked to all AI chatbots on the same day in two different countries, with the questions asked in Spanish from Spain and in English from the U.K. Two independent optometrists with experience working in each country assessed the accuracy of the answers provided. Also, the AI chatbots’ responses were assessed if their outputs showed any bias towards (or against) any eye care professional (ECP).
Results
The answers obtained by the same AI chatbots were different in Spain and the U.K. Also, statistically significant differences were found between the AI chatbots for accuracy. In the U.K., ChatGPT 3.5 was the most and Open Assistant least accurate (p < 0.01). In Spain, Perplexity and ChatGPT were statistically more accurate than Open Assistant (p < 0.01). All the AI chatbots presented bias, except ChatGPT 3.5 in Spain.
Conclusions
AI chatbots do not always consider local CL legislation, and their accuracy seems to be dependent on the language used to interact with them. Hence, at this time, although some AI chatbots might be a good source of information for general CL related questions, they cannot replace an ECP.This study was partially funded by Xunta de Galicia through the Project “CONSOLIDACIÓN E ESTRUTURACIÓN 2023” (Ref. ED431B 2023/07). Nery Garcia-Porta is supported financially by a Maria Zambrano contract at USC under the grants call for the requalification of the Spanish university system 2021–2023, funded by the European Union— NextGenerationEU. Ana I. Gómez-Varela acknowledges the grant RYC2022-035710-I funded by MCIN/AEI/ https://doi.org/10.13039/501100011033 and by ESF Investing in your future.Xunta de Galicia; ED431B 2023/0