Repositorio da Universidade da Coruña
Not a member yet
35055 research outputs found
Sort by
Psychological interventions to prevent the onset of major depression in adults: a systematic review and individual participant data meta-analysis
Get PDF[Abstract] Background: Psychological interventions are increasingly discussed as a method to prevent major depressive disorder (MDD) in adults who already experience subthreshold depressive symptoms. In this individual participant data meta-analysis, we quantify the effect of preventive interventions against control on MDD onset in this population, and explore effect modifiers. Methods: In this systematic review and individual participant data meta-analysis, we screened full-texts of eligible studies within the Metapsy research domain for articles on psychological interventions for depression, from database inception to May 1, 2023, published in English, German, Spanish, and Dutch. We included individual participant data of randomised trials comparing psychological interventions with a control group regarding their effects on MDD onset in adults with subthreshold depressive symptoms but no MDD at baseline, confirmed by standardised diagnostic interviews. Risk of bias was assessed using the RoB 2 tool. Effect on the onset of MDD (the primary outcome) and moderators were analysed using one-stage individual participant data meta-analysis. Survival analyses were conducted to examine effects on time to MDD onset within 12 months. We involved people with related lived experience in the study design and implementation. This study is registered with PROSPERO, CRD42017058585. Findings: 30 of 42 eligible randomised controlled trials with 7201 participants (2227 [30·9%] male, 4957 [68·9%] female, and 17 [0·2%] preferred not to report their sex) were included in our analysis (3697 participants had intervention and 3504 participants had control). The mean age of participants was 49·9 years (SD 19·2). Of the 3152 participants with reported ethnicity, 1608 (51·0%) were White. Five studies received a high risk of bias rating. Psychological interventions were associated with significantly reduced MDD incidence at post-treatment (incidence rate ratio [IRR] 0·57 [95% CI 0·35–0·93]; τ2=0·29; 18 studies), within 6 months (0·58 [0·39–0·88]; τ2=0·11; 18 studies), and within 12 months (0·67 [0·51–0·88]; τ2=0·05; 19 studies). No significant effect was observed at 24 months (IRR 1·16 [95% CI 0·66–2·03]; τ2=0·10; six studies). Preventive effects were stronger for individuals who had not previously had psychotherapy (IRR 0·39 [95% CI 0·25–0·62]) compared with those who had received psychotherapy before (0·92 [0·61–1·36]; p=0·029; seven studies). Although no overall linear association was identified, higher baseline depressive (Patient Health Questionnaire-9) and anxiety symptom (Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7) scores were associated with greater reductions in MDD onset risk. On the study level, delivery type appeared to moderate outcomes, with conference telephone calls being more effective than delivery via face-to-face, internet-based, and other formats (p=0·002), albeit based on only two studies of conference telephone calls with four comparisons. Other factors (eg, age) showed no significant differential effects. Interpretation: Our findings show the effectiveness of preventive psychological interventions for subthreshold depressive symptoms. Tailoring interventions to consider participant-level and study-level factors could help to increase the impact of such interventions on a population level
The voice of students with disabilities : reasons for going to university and criteria for choosing the institution
No full text[Abstract] This article describes the factors and criteria that affect graduates with disabilities when deciding to pursue higher education and choosing a university. The study involved 95 graduate students from 27 Spanish universities, with whom semi-structured interviews were conducted. The results show intrinsic and extrinsic factors in choosing to study at university, as well as personal and university-related criteria. Personal motivations, impairment as a conditioning factor and previous experiences are part of the intrinsic factors referred to by the students. Extrinsic factors include socially expected trajectories, influences from different agents and improved job and/or career opportunities. In the choice of university, students pointed to personal criteria such as independence or the influence of others. As criteria related to the university, they mentioned the proximity, the academic offer, the structure and services, and the prestige of the institution. The university can and must consider strategies and actions that favour the access and inclusion
Empowerment
No full textThis is a draft chapter. The final version is available in Elgar Encyclopedia of Organizational Psychology edited by P. Matthijs Bal, published in 2024, Edward Elgar Publishing Ltd.
https://doi.org/10.4337/9781803921761.0004
A rescued dramatic play: As estrelas están lonxe by Manuel María
Get PDF[Resumo] Presentamos e reproducimos As estrelas están lonxe (1966-1967) de Manuel María, a partir
do mecanoscrito conservado no Archivo General de la Administración de Alcalá de Henares, nos
expedientes da Junta de la Censura Teatral do ano 1970. Esta obra dramática fora premiada en 1967
cun accésit na IV edición do Premio Castelao convocado pola Agrupación Cultural O Galo, mais non
foi representada nin editada, e o seu texto permanecía ignorado. As estrelas están lonxe tematiza e
problematiza a emigración galega a Europa, apuntando as causas socioeconómicas que a provocan
e expondo as súas consecuencias psicolóxicas. A publicación desta obra inédita permite completar o
corpus teatral do autor lucense.[Abstract] This article presents and publishes for the first time the play Asestrelas están lonxe (1966-1967)
by Manuel María, based on the typescript discovered among the theatre censorship archive files for
1970 at the General Administrative Archive in Alcalá de Henares. As estrelas están lonxe was awarded
second place in the 4th Castelao Prize, organised by the O Galo cultural association in 1967, but
was never staged or published and thus remained unknown. The play explores the phenomenon of
Galician emigration in Europe, examining the socioeconomic causes behind it and its psychological
consequences. The discovery and publication of Asestrelas están lonxe marks the completion of the
corpus of dramatic works by Manuel MaríaMiinisterio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades,MCIN; PID2020-115649RB-I0
Contested Money: Toward a New Social Contract
No full textDiscussing money is always accompanied by controversy as well as enchantment. Debating what money is and how it performs its main functions in the contemporary economy is fundamental to understanding the social consequences of money transformation associated with the digital revolution. This book explores the links between the current and prospective properties of money, its production, and its relationship to the concepts of value, the common good, and innovation. Contested Money opens a debate on the role that money could play in a different paradigm based on a renewed conception of monetary properties and functions that are capable of having a positive impact on social and individual welfare. Massó outlines the fundamentals of this monetary model, which would operate as a parallel currency, where the processes of monetary and value creation are connected in a new deal between the citizen and the state, grounded on an approach of reciprocal rights and responsibilities. This book will appeal to scholars, students, and, more broadly, readers interested in a contemporary understanding of what money is, how it is being transformed, and the role that it can play in redefining the 21st century social contrac
Access to information as a women's right to a life free of violence
Get PDF[Resumen] La generación de información acerca de graves violaciones a los derechos humanos cometidas en tiempos de paz y conflicto armado, ha sido una pieza fundamental en los procesos de refundación democrática. La información permite conocer la verdad, trazar senderos hacia la prevención y establecer mecanismos de reparación para víctimas y sus familias. Esta experiencia que se construyó al alero del derecho internacional de los derechos humanos no tiene todavía un correlato para la vida de las mujeres. La persistencia de la violencia hacia mujeres y niñas, y la presencia de estereotipos de género en la producción de informaciones y narrativas, depositan en las organizaciones feministas y en las familias de las víctimas de feminicidio (femicide) las responsabilidades que los estados debieran cumplir en materia de verdad, justicia, reparación y garantías de no repetición.[Abstract] The generation of information about serious human rights violations committed in times of peace and armed conflict has been a crucial element in the processes of democratic reestablishment. Information allows for the discovery of truth, the identification of paths towards prevention, and the establishment of mechanisms for reparation for victims and their families. This experience, which was built under the umbrella of international human rights law, still lacks an equivalent for the lives of women. The persistence of violence against women and girls, along with the presence of gender stereotypes in the production of information and narratives, places the responsibilities that states should fulfill in terms of truth, justice, reparation, and guarantees of non-recurrence on feminist organizations and the families of femicide victims
Can gait patterns be explained by joint structure in people with and without radiographic knee osteoarthritis?: data from the IMI-APPROACH cohort
Get PDF[Abstract]
Objective: To determine the association between joint structure and gait in patients with knee osteoarthritis (OA).
Methods: IMI-APPROACH recruited 297 clinical knee OA patients. Gait data was collected (GaitSmart®) and OA-related joint measures determined from knee radiographs (KIDA) and MRIs (qMRI/MOAKS). Patients were divided into those with/without radiographic OA (ROA). Principal component analyses (PCA) were performed on gait parameters; linear regression models were used to evaluate whether image-based structural and demographic parameters were associated with gait principal components.
Results: Two hundred seventy-one patients (age median 68.0, BMI 27.0, 77% female) could be analyzed; 149 (55%) had ROA. PCA identified two components: upper leg (primarily walking speed, stride duration, hip range of motion [ROM], thigh ROM) and lower leg (calf ROM, knee ROM in swing and stance phases). Increased age, BMI, and radiographic subchondral bone density (sclerosis), decreased radiographic varus angle deviation, and female sex were statistically significantly associated with worse lower leg gait (i.e. reduced ROM) in patients without ROA (R2 = 0.24); in ROA patients, increased BMI, radiographic osteophytes, MRI meniscal extrusion and female sex showed significantly worse lower leg gait (R2 = 0.18). Higher BMI was significantly associated with reduced upper leg function for non-ROA patients (R2 = 0.05); ROA patients with male sex, higher BMI and less MRI synovitis showed significantly worse upper leg gait (R2 = 0.12).
Conclusion: Structural OA pathology was significantly associated with gait in patients with clinical knee OA, though BMI may be more important. While associations were not strong, these results provide a significant association between OA symptoms (gait) and joint structure
Structural Modifications of Commercial Companies. Commercial Overview & Tax Treatment of the Reestructuring
Get PDF[Resumen]
El mecanismo de modificación estructural constituye un fenómeno altamente demandado actualmente por la sociedad mercantil, que le permite atender distintas necesidades empresariales, todas ellas sobre el denominador común de la reorganización y reestructuración societaria.
Las cuestiones analizadas en este estudio responden al imperativo de dar respuesta a las necesidades que han manifestado distintas sociedades mercantiles en el correspondiente periodo de práctica letrada.
Así, este estudio pretende incidir en la importancia de un asesoramiento letrado interdisciplinar sobre estas operaciones. Para ello, se partirá de una panorámica global en el ámbito mercantil sobre la modificación estructural, abarcando la configuración jurídica de la categoría, su concreción a través de los distintos mecanismos que la integran y la utilidad empresarial a la que responden. En un segundo escalón de análisis determinaremos el tratamiento fiscal que corresponde a las distintas operaciones de modificación estructural, deteniéndonos en la especialidad de la fusión y la escisión. Por último, haremos las correspondientes consideraciones finales en esta materia, para lo que se ha considerado una aplicación de las cuestiones tratadas en el estudio a través de nuestra práctica como letrados.[Abstract]
The mechanism of structural modification is a phenomenon currently in high demand by the commercial company, which allows it to meet different business needs, all of them on the common denominator of corporate reorganization and restructuring.
The issues analyzed in this study respond to the imperative of responding to the needs expressed by different commercial companies in the corresponding period of legal practice.
Thus, this study aims to emphasize the importance of interdisciplinary legal advice on these operations. To this end, we will start with a global overview of structural modification in the commercial sphere, covering the legal configuration of the category, its concretion through the different mechanisms that comprise it and the business utility to which it responds. In a second step of analysis, we will determine the tax treatment that corresponds to the different operations of structural modification, focusing on the specialty of mergers and spin-offs. Finally, we will make the corresponding final considerations in this matter, for which we have considered an application of the issues dealt with in this study through our practice as lawyers.Traballo fin de mestrado (UDC.DER). Mestrado Universitario en Avogacía. Curso 2023/202
A novel intelligent approach for man-in-the-middle attacks detection over internet of things environments based on message queuing telemetry transport
Get PDF[Abstract]: One of the most common attacks is man-in-the-middle (MitM) which, due to its complex behaviour, is difficult to detect by traditional cyber-attack detection systems. MitM attacks on internet of things systems take advantage of special features of the protocols and cause system disruptions, making them invisible to legitimate elements. In this work, an intrusion detection system (IDS), where intelligent models can be deployed, is the approach to detect this type of attack considering network alterations. Therefore, this paper presents a novel method to develop the intelligent model used by the IDS, being this method based on a hybrid process. The first stage of the process implements a feature extraction method, while the second one applies different supervised classification techniques, both over a message queuing telemetry transport (MQTT) dataset compiled by authors in previous works. The contribution shows excellent performance for any compared classification methods. Likewise, the best results are obtained using the method with the highest computational cost. Thanks to this, a functional IDS will be able to prevent MQTT attacks.Spanish National Cybersecurity Institute (INCIBE) and developed Research Institute of Applied Sciences in Cybersecurity (RIASC). CITIC, as a Research Center of the University System of Galicia, is funded by Consellería de Educación, Universidade e Formación Profesional of the Xunta de Galicia through the European Regional Development Fund (ERDF) and the Secretaría Xeral de Universidades (Ref. ED431G 2019/01). Álvaro Michelena's research was supported by the Spanish Ministry of Universities (https://www.universidades.gob.es/), under the “Formación de Profesorado Universitario” grant with reference FPU21/00932. Martín Bayón's research was supported by Universidad de León, under the “Programa Propio de Investigación de la Universidad de León 2021” grant. University of Leon. Support for ULE local research projects program. Ref. 2021/00145/001. Internal Code U252.Xunta de Galicia; ED431G 2019/0
Perception of a Teacher-Tutor on Motor and Social Competence In Children’s School. Intervention of a Motor Reinforcement Program
Get PDF[Resumen] El presente trabajo describe la percepción de una maestra-tutora sobre la Competencia Motriz y Relaciones Sociales en escolares de Educación Infantil. Este estudio tuvo un triple objetivo, por un lado, conocer si la maestra-tutora, participante, era capaz de identificar a los escolares con dificultades motrices y sociales. Por otro lado, analizar el impacto de un Programa de Refuerzo Motriz en la Competencia Motriz y en las Relaciones Sociales en estos escolares. Por último, conocer si la maestra-tutora percibe el efecto del programa. En el estudio participó la maestra-tutora y 6 escolares con dificultades motrices, con una edad media de 5.60 años (DT ± 0.53). Se diseñó un estudio pre-experimental mixto que combinó un enfoque cuantitativo para las medidas Pre-Test y Post-Test y un enfoque cualitativo para observar el comportamiento de los participantes. Se evaluó la Competencia Motriz de manera objetiva, mediante la Batería de evaluación (Mabc-2) y se realizó un Sociograma para conocer las Relaciones Sociales. Por otro lado, se pasó un cuestionario a la profesora tutora. Los resultados mostraron que la maestra-tutora, en líneas generales, detecta entre el alumnado a aquellos escolares que presentan dificultades motrices o/y sociales de manera muy evidente. Asimismo, los resultados muestran una mejora en los escolares en ambas variables. En conclusión, los docentes de Educación Infantil como uno de los principales agentes de socialización pueden llegar a ser un elemento fundamental para ayudar a que estos superen las dificultades motrices y sociales.[Abstract] This paper describes a teacher-tutor's perception of Motor Competence and Social Relationships in pre-school children. The aim of this study was threefold: on the one hand, to find out whether the participating teacher-tutor was able to identify schoolchildren with motor and social difficulties. On the other hand, to analyse the impact of a Motor Reinforcement Programme on Motor Competence and Social Relationships in these schoolchildren. Finally, to find out if the teacher-mentor perceives the effect of the programme. The study involved the teacher-tutor and 6 schoolchildren with motor difficulties, with a mean age of 5.60 years (SD ± 0.53). A mixed pre-experimental study was designed combining a quantitative approach for the Pre-Test and Post-Test measures and a qualitative approach to observe the behaviour of the participants. Motor competence was assessed objectively using the Motor Competence Assessment Battery (Mabc-2) (Henderson et al., 2007) and a Sociogram was conducted to assess Social Relationships. On the other hand, a questionnaire was given to the tutor-teacher. The results showed that the tutor-teacher, in general terms, detects among the students those who present motor and/or social difficulties in a very evident way. Likewise, the results show an improvement in the pupils in both variables.In conclusion, early childhood teachers, as one of the main agents of socialisation, can become a fundamental element in helping children to overcome motor and social difficulties.Durante la realización de este trabajo Yolanda Sánchez-Matas fue beneficiaria de un contrato de formación docente universitaria (FPU18/03339), de los sub-programadores de Formación y Movilidad dentro del Programa Estatal de Promoción del Talento y su Empleabilidad, en el marco del Plan Estatal de Investigación e Innovación Científica y Técnica 2017-202