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Study and Implementation of Quantum Bayesian Networks
Get PDFThis project deals with the implementation of Bayesian networks, a type of artificial intelligence based on graph theory and conditional probability, in the quantum computing paradigm. Examples related to the world of sports will be used as input in order to test the developed model. Besides, a comparison between implementations in classical and quantum paradigms will be carried out, so their differences in performance and attributes can be appreciated. The work will conclude with a debate about quantum computing and its future as a basis for executing AI models
Demographic Background Prompting Does Not Affect Linguistic Features on LLM-Generated News Texts
Get PDF"We explored if implicit demographic information in prompts for large language models (LLMs) influences the linguistic features of generated text. Two LLMs were prompted to write news articles based on a title and summary, with prompts including demographic details like age, income, or nationality. The models were instructed not to explicitly reference these details. A total of 28,080 articles were generated by varying the demographics and topics.
We calculated various linguistic metrics (e.g., sentence length, type-token ratio) and performed ANOVA, treating linguistic metrics as dependent variables and demographic categories as independent variables. Results indicate that demographic attributes do not significantly impact the linguistic metrics.
Dataset-Driven Voice Biomarker Validation: Advancing Clinical Standards with the Enhanced V3 Framework
Get PDFAdvancements in information technologies are reshaping the medical field, highlighting the need for effective frameworks to translate research into clinical practice. Voice is a promising biomarker for disease detection, but its use is limited by the lack of rigorous clinical validation methods. Our research aims to bridge this gap by improving the validation process for voice-based health assessments. Building on our clinical trial experience and the V3 framework, we are enhancing it to address the specific challenges of voice biomarkers, focusing on the data life-cycle in trials. Our proposal involves refining the V3 framework and developing an open-source toolkit for evaluating voice-based health datasets, bridging the gap between research and clinical practice through robust validation
Dimensional Control in a Shipbuilding Workshop Based on High-Density Point Clouds Using High Performance Computing
Get PDFIn many industries, the quality control process of manufactured products has become one of the most fundamental tasks to minimize manufacturing problems and production costs. High density point clouds are often mandatory to obtain a reliable representation of the products inspected. In this work, we present a parallelization on the Key Point Characteristic extraction of a ship panel, used for the quality control process, on a shared memory system using OpenMP. Experimental results show accelerations of up to 4,1x
Estimation of Cardiotoxicity in Breast Cancer Patients Using Presmoothing and Cure Models
Get PDFBreast cancer is the most common type of cancer for women. Nowadays, the side-effects that some treatments against this type of cancer can be a major problem. One example of this is HER2-positive breast cancer patients. Patients are prescribed trastuzumab, a drug with anti-tumour efficacy, but this treatment can cause various undesirable effects such as heart problems, known as cardiotoxicity. With the aim of improving the quality of life of those affected, the question is clear: what is the likelihood of suffering cardiotoxicity? In this work, this probability is estimated using a new approach to the classic cure models: the presmoothed cure models
Un nuevo enfoque terapéutico, termalismo y el trastorno del espectro autista
No full text[Resumen] Los tratamientos en balnearios utilizan aguas mineromedicinales con el
objetivo de mejorar y prevenir problemas de salud. Con una gran tradición
médica de uso en los últimos años se han realizado múltiples estudios clínicos y básicos acumulando abundante evidencia científica de la eficacia de la
balneoterapia y sus mecanismos de acción. Hoy en día, enfermedades muy
prevalentes en la población, muchas de ellas ligadas al envejecimiento y a estilos de vida poco saludables, encuentran en los balnearios un excelente aliado
como terapia complementaria y preventiva. Los avances en la terapia acuática han permitido nuevos enfoques terapéuticos en problemas del desarrollo
entre los que se incluyen el trastorno del espectro autista
Prognostic value of the tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion/systolic pulmonary artery pressure ratio in cardiac amyloidosis
Get PDFObservational study[Abstract]
Introduction and objectives: The tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion/systolic pulmonary artery pressure (TAPSE/SPAP) ratio is a noninvasive surrogate of right ventricular to pulmonary circulation that has prognostic implications in patients with heart failure (HF) or pulmonary hypertension. Our purpose was to evaluate the prognostic value of the TAPSE/SPAP ratio in patients with cardiac amyloidosis.
Methods: We used the database of the AMIGAL study, a prospective, observational registry of patients with cardiac amyloidosis recruited in 7 hospitals of the Autonomous Community of Galicia, Spain, from January 1, 2018 to October 31, 2022. We selected patients whose baseline TAPSE/SPAP ratio was calculated with transthoracic echocardiography. Long-term survival and survival free of HF hospitalization were assessed by means of 5 different multivariable Cox regression models. Median follow-up was 680 days.
Results: We studied 233 patients with cardiac amyloidosis, among whom 209 (89.7%) had transthyretin type. The baseline TAPSE/SPAP ratio correlated significantly with clinical outcomes. Depending on the multivariable model considered, the adjusted hazard ratios estimated per 0.1mm/mmHg increase of baseline TAPSE/SPAP ratio ranged from 0.76 to 0.84 for all-cause mortality. Similarly, the ratios for all-cause mortality of HF hospitalization ranged from 0.79 to 0.84. The addition of the baseline TAPSE/SPAP ratio to the predictive model of the United Kingdom National Amyloidosis Centre resulted in an increase in Harrell's c-statistic from 0.662 to 0.705 for all-cause mortality and from 0.668 to 0.707 for all-cause mortality or HF hospitalization.
Conclusions: Reduced TAPSE/SPAP ratio is an independent adverse prognostic marker in patients with cardiac amyloidosis.[Resumen] Introducción y objetivos. La razón entre el desplazamiento sistólico del plano del anillo tricuspídeo y la presión arterial pulmonar sistólica (TAPSE/PAPS) es una medida no invasiva del acoplamiento entre el ventrículo derecho y la circulación pulmonar con implicaciones pronósticas en pacientes con insuficiencia cardiaca (IC) o hipertensión pulmonar. El objetivo es evaluar el valor pronóstico del cociente TAPSE/PAPS en pacientes con amiloidosis cardiaca.
Métodos. A partir de la base de datos del registro de amiloidosis cardiaca de Galicia (estudio AMIGAL), un registro observacional prospectivo de pacientes con amiloidosis cardiaca inscritos en 7 hospitales de la Comunidad Autónoma de Galicia entre el 1 de enero de 2018 y el 31 de octubre de 2022, se seleccionó a los que tenían calculado el cociente TAPSE/PAPS mediante ecocardiografía. Se evaluaron la supervivencia y la supervivencia libre de ingresos por IC mediante 5 modelos de regresión de Cox multivariable. La mediana de seguimiento fue de 680 días.
Resultados. Se estudió a 233 pacientes con amiloidosis cardiaca, que 209 (89,7%) de ellos era del tipo transtirretina. La razón TAPSE/PAPS basal se correlacionó significativamente con los desenlaces clínicos. Dependiendo del modelo multivariable, la hazard ratio estimada por un incremento de 0,1 mm/mmHg del cociente TAPSE/PAPS osciló entre 0,76 y 0,84 para muerte por cualquier causa y entre 0,79 y 0,86 para muerte por cualquier causa u hospitalización por IC. La adición del cociente TAPSE/PAPS al modelo predictivo del Centro Nacional de Amiloidosis del Reino Unido resultó en un incremento del estadístico C de Harrell de 0,662 a 0,705 para muerte por cualquier causa y de 0,668 a 0,707 para muerte por cualquier causa u hospitalización por IC.
Conclusiones. Una razón TAPSE/PAPS reducida es un marcador pronóstico adverso independiente en pacientes con amiloidosis cardiaca
La protección del patrimonio cultural inmaterial contra la destrucción intencional en el Derecho internacional público
No full text[Resumen]: En muchos conflictos armados, pero también en tiempos de paz, el patrimonio cultural mundial se convierte en blanco de ataques deliberados debido a su importancia para la identidad colectiva de las comunidades. En los últimos años, la destrucción sistemática de lugares y bienes culturales ha captado la atención de la opinión pública mundial y también de la comunidad internacional. Sin embargo, no sólo los edificios, monumentos y otros objetos materiales son víctimas de la destrucción intencional, sino también el patrimonio cultural inmaterial, es decir, inter alia, las lenguas, las artes escénicas, las prácticas sociales o los conocimientos tradicionales. La destrucción y el deterioro de dicho patrimonio pueden tener importantes repercusiones sociales, políticas y económicas y suponen una amenaza para la diversidad cultural, así como para la realización de los derechos humanos. Esta tesis doctoral pretende analizar la protección que ofrece el Derecho internacional público contra la destrucción intencional del patrimonio cultural inmaterial. Para ello, tras presentar las principales manifestaciones de destrucción intencional de este patrimonio y sus consecuencias, se centra en la necesidad de reforzar las disposiciones específicas del patrimonio cultural a través del Derecho internacional humanitario, del Derecho internacional de los derechos humanos y del Derecho internacional penal.[Abstract]: In many armed conflicts, but also in times of peace, the world's cultural heritage becomes the target of deliberate attacks because of its significance for the collective identity of communities. In recent years, the systematic destruction of cultural sites and properties has captured the attention of world public opinion and also of the international community. However, it is not only buildings, monuments, and other tangible objects that are victims of intentional destruction, but also intangible cultural heritage, i.e. inter alia languages, performing arts, social practices, or traditional knowledge. The destruction and deterioration of such heritage can have significant social, political, and economic repercussions and pose a threat to cultural diversity as well as to the realisation of human rights.This doctoral thesis aims to analyse the protection offered by public international law against intentional destruction of intangible cultural heritage. To this end, after presenting the main manifestations of intentional destruction of this heritage and its consequences, it focuses on the need to strengthen provisions specific to cultural heritage through international humanitarian law, international human rights law, and international criminal law.[Resumo]: En moitos conflitos armados, pero tamén en tempos de paz, o patrimonio cultural mundial convértese en branco de ataques deliberados por mor da súa importancia para a identidade colectiva das comunidades. Nos últimos anos, a destrución sistemática de lugares e bens culturais captou a atención da opinión pública mundial e tamén da comunidade internacional. Non obstante, non só os edificios, monumentos e outros obxectos materiais son vítimas da destrución intencional, senón tamén o patrimonio cultural inmaterial, é dicir, inter alia, as linguas, as artes escénicas, as prácticas sociais ou os coñecementos tradicionais. A destrución e o deterioro de dito patrimonio poden ter importantes repercusións sociais, políticas e económicas e supoñen unha ameaza para a diversidade cultural, así como para a realización dos dereitos humanos.Esta tese de doutoramento pretende analizar a protección que ofrece o Dereito internacional público contra a destrución intencional do patrimonio cultural inmaterial. Para iso, tras presentar as principais manifestacións de destrución intencional deste patrimonio e as súas consecuencias, céntrase na necesidade de reforzar as disposicións específicas do patrimonio cultural a través do Dereito internacional humanitario, do Dereito internacional dos dereitos humanos e do Dereito internacional penal
Revisiting Supertagging for faster HPSG parsing
Get PDFPresented at: Conference on Empirical Methods in Natural Language Processing, Miami, Florida, USA,12-16 Nov. 2024.[Abstract]: We present new supertaggers trained on English HPSG-based treebanks and test the effects of the best tagger on parsing speed and accuracy. HPSG treebanks are produced automatically by large manually built grammars and feature high-quality annotation based on a well-developed linguistic theory. The English Resource Grammar treebanks include diverse and challenging test datasets, beyond the usual WSJ section 23 and Wikipedia data. HPSG supertagging has previously relied on MaxEnt-based models. We use SVM and neural CRF- and BERT-based methods and show that both SVM and neural supertaggers achieve considerably higher accuracy compared to the baseline and lead to an increase not only in the parsing speed but also the parser accuracy with respect to gold dependency structures. Our fine-tuned BERT-based tagger achieves 97.26% accuracy on 950 sentences from WSJ23 and 93.88% on the out-of-domain technical essay The Cathedral and the Bazaar. We present experiments with integrating the best supertagger into an HPSG parser and observe a speedup of a factor of 3 with respect to the system which uses no tagging at all, as well as large recall gains and an overall precision gain. We also compare our system to an existing integrated tagger and show that although the well-integrated tagger remains the fastest, our experimental system can be more accurate. Finally, we hope that the diverse and difficult datasets we used for evaluation will gain more popularity in the field: we show that results can differ depending on the dataset, even if it is an in-domain one. We contribute the complete datasets reformatted for Huggingface token classification.We acknowledge the European Union’s Horizon Europe Framework Programme which funded
this research under the Marie Skłodowska-Curie postdoctoral fellowship grant HORIZON-MSCA-2021-PF-01 (GAUSS, grant agreement No 101063104); and the European Research Council (ERC), which has funded this research under the Horizon Europe research and innovation programme (SALSA, grant agreement No 101100615). We also acknowledge grants
SCANNER-UDC (PID2020-113230RB-C21) funded by MICIU/AEI/10.13039/501100011033;
GAP (PID2022-139308OA-I00) funded by MICIU/AEI/10.13039/501100011033/ and ERDF,
EU; LATCHING (PID2023-147129OB-C21) funded by MICIU/AEI/10.13039/501100011033 and ERDF, EU; and TSI-100925-2023-1 funded by Ministry for Digital Transformation and Civil
Service and “NextGenerationEU” PRTR; as well as funding by Xunta de Galicia (ED431C 2024/02), and Centro de Investigación de Galicia “CITIC”, funded by the Xunta de Galicia through the collaboration agreement between the Consellería de Cultura, Educación, Formación Profesional e Universidades and the Galician universities for
the reinforcement of the research centres of the Galician University System (CIGUS).Xunta de Galicia; ED431C 2024/0
Sala de estudio Pomoroom, espacio digital para la concentración
No full text[Resumen]: En un entorno saturado de distracciones, mantener la concentración es todo un desafío. Esta
iniciativa surge como respuesta a la creciente necesidad de contar con un espacio adecuado
para el enfoque y la productividad, tanto en el ámbito académico como laboral o personal.
La técnica Pomodoro se presenta como una herramienta para gestionar el tiempo de manera
efectiva y aumentar la productividad. Integrada en esta solución digital, permite a los usuarios
dividir sus tareas en intervalos de tiempo cortos, seguidos de breves pausas, facilitando así la
concentración y evitando la fatiga mental.
En este TFG, se presenta una plataforma denominada Pomoroom, que implementa la técnica
Pomodoro pero va mucho más allá de ser simplemente un reloj de cuenta regresiva. Ofrece
un entorno digital donde los usuarios pueden colaborar, compartir ideas y trabajar en equipo
de manera eficiente. Desde salas de estudio virtuales hasta herramientas de comunicación en
tiempo real, todo está diseñado para facilitar la interacción y el intercambio de conocimientos
entre los participantes.
Además, se diseña Pomoroom como una versátil aplicación web que permite su uso tanto de
forma individual como en grupo, adaptándose a las necesidades y preferencias de cada usuario. Ya sea que se trate de completar un proyecto importante, prepararse para un examen o
simplemente organizar mejor el día a día, la sala de estudio digital proporciona las herramientas necesarias para alcanzar los objetivos con éxito.[Abstract]: In a saturated environment full of distractions, maintaining focus is quite a challenge. This
initiative arises as a response to the growing need for a suitable space for focus and productivity,
whether in academia, work, or personal life. The Pomodoro technique is presented as a
tool to effectively manage time and increase productivity. Integrated into this digital solution,
it allows users to divide their tasks into short time intervals, followed by brief breaks, thus
facilitating concentration and avoiding mental fatigue.
In this final degree project (TFG), the aim is to design a platform called Pomoroom, which
implements the Pomodoro technique but goes far beyond being just a countdown clock. It
offers a digital environment where users can collaborate, share ideas, and work efficiently as
a team. From virtual study rooms to real-time communication tools, everything is designed
to facilitate interaction and the exchange of knowledge among participants.
Furthermore, Pomoroom is intended to be a versatile web application that can be used both
individually and in groups, adapting to the needs and preferences of each user. Whether it’s
completing an important project, preparing for an exam, or simply better organizing dayto-
day tasks, the digital study room will provide the necessary tools to successfully achieve
objectives.Traballo fin de grao (UDC.FIC). Enxeñeria informática. Curso 2024/202