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Business Intellingence System for Banking Credit Finance
No full textBusiness Intellingence System for Banking Credit Financ
المسالخ (المجازر) اهميتها وقوانين انشائها واثر مخلفاتها على البيئة
No full textالمسالخ (المجازر) اهميتها وقوانين انشائها واثر مخلفاتها على البيئةتعتبر المسالخ والمساطب من المنشاءات المهمه فى مجال انتاج اللحوم حيث تعمل على تنظيم عمليات الذبح ومراقبتها وتوفير الخدمات الصحيه الضرورية قبل وبعد الذبح كما يساعد على سلامة وصحة العاملين بالمسلخ الا انها عند عدم تطبيق اللوائح والاساسيات اللازمه لانشاءها قد تؤثر سلبا على سلامة البيئه من خلال عدم التخلص الامثل للمخلفات الناتجه منها ومعالجتها للاستفاده منها ولتفادى الاثار الضاره التى قد تنجم من جراء ذلك
تكيف الماعـزمع البيئة
No full textتكيف الماعـزمع البيئةالماعز له القدرة علي التكيف في المناطق الجافة وشبه الجافة الحاره والرطبة وحاجته الي التوازن الحراري ،ففي المناطق المدارية والرطبة يميل الماعز الي التقزم بهدف زيادة سطح الجسم،كما انها تتكيف علي نقص الماء لفترات طويلة بالأضافة لتكيفها علي مجوعة واسعة من النباتات والانتقاء منها ما يؤمن لها امداداتها الغذائية
DESIGN PRACTICE OF BORED PILES IN NUBIAN FORMATION CASE STUDY: FOUNDATION AND BRIDGES IN KHARTOUM
No full textThe term Nubian Sandstone Formation or Nubian Formation (NF) is applied in the Sudan to those bedded and usually flat-lying conglomerates, grits, sandstones, sandy mudstones and mudstones that rest unconformably on the Basement Complex and the Paleozoic sandstones. These formations are either exposed or covered by the recent quaternary formations. They cover large areas in Northern, Central Western and Eastern Sudan. Several important heavy structures such as bridges across the rivers and high rise buildings in Khartoum are supported on these formations. The factors controlling their performance as foundation materials are the type and amount of cementing material for the sandstones; the heterogeneity, degree of weathering and the type and consistency of the mudstones and the characteristics of the formations covering them. Different approaches were used for the design of piles resting or penetrating NF.
This paper summarizes the geotechnical characteristics of five bridge sites in Khartoum and the approaches used by the designers for estimating the bearing capacity of the piles supporting these bridges. The piles were all socketed into the NF.
The designs were compared with the results from pile load tests carried out in the bridge sites. The analysis has shown that the approaches used for estimating the pile capacities in the NF are very conservative and un-realistic. Alternative design approaches or improvements of the currently used designs are neede
Exact Fields Expressions For A Circular Loop Antenna Above A Perfect Electric Conducting Ground Plane
No full textThis paper presents exact electromagnetic fields expressions of a circular loop antenna (CLA) with an arbitrary current and dimensions placed over a perfect electric conducting ground plane. Fields derivations are based on the spherical Bessel functions (SBFs) and associated Legendre polynomials (ALPs) expansion. These expressions are valid everywhere above the ground plane except on the loop. The field expressions presented in this paper reduces to the known far-field expressions of the loop antenna over ground plane when large argument approximations for SBFs are applied. Moreover, approximate expressions in the near-fields region are derived from the exact fields. Fields of the uniform CLA over ground plane and that on the axis of the loop are obtained as special cases. The results from the simulation software AN-SOF are in excellent agreement with the results obtained using the field expressions presented in this paper which reveals the correctness of these expressions
Biotechnology in Animal Production
No full textBiotechnology has been part of human culture for a very long time. Farm animals of
today ensure food and agriculture production and have mainly developed over thousands
of years of domestication. They are the result of selection on the basis of phenotypic
parameters by humans and adaptation to different environments and environmental
challenges and represent genetically distinct species and breeds of different purposes
within species. While breeding with the definition of breeds and herd-books started in
most species about 100 years ago, the consequent use of biotechnology began about 50
years ago with the introduction of artificial insemination. Major fields of biotechnology
applied to animal production are further reproductive techniques, marker assisted
selection including detection of deleterious alleles, genomic selection, and conservation
of genetic resources. Artificial insemination and embryo transfer are important methods
used in animal breeding, especially in cattle production to multiply the population of
animals at a rapid rate. Both techniques are essential to improve the genetics of animals
by having a high impact on selection intensity and accuracy and are usually implemented
in breeding programs all over the world. Supporting methods such as embryo
splitting/sexing, semen sexing, cloning and in vitro maturation have improved the
efficiency of artificial insemination and embryo transfer, while transgenic farm animals
do not exist on farm level.
The implementation of molecular genetic methods in animal breeding resulted in
remarkable advances over the last two decades in the identification of chromosomal
regions and loci affecting economically important traits in livestock production. Basis for
this were the advances in the availability of whole genome sequences and the
identification of genetic variation on a large scale within international research projects.
Single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) genotyping technology (SNP-Chip) has, in the
meantime, enabled profiling animals for thousands of marker loci in a single analysis.
This amount of information in combination with phenotypic records of the breeding
organizations and with reproductive technologies supports high input breeding with a
dramatic increase in the level of productivity. While this technology is already
successfully used in breeding programs of breeds/species where the economic
environment supports high input breeding, the situation for local breeds/species with at
the moment less importance is difficult as they lack at the necessary infrastructure
especially in developing countries and are declining in number. On the other hand,
biotechnology is an effective tool that allows the characterization and conservation of
animal genetic resources at risk of loss of genetic diversity