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Association between smartphone addiction and myofascial trigger points
No full textBackground The purpose of this study was to clarify the relationship between smartphone addiction and miyafascial trigger points in university students. Methods A cross-sectional study of university students was conducted for the purpose of this study. The participants were assessed based on age, gender, dominant side, the amount of time they spent on their smartphones, the purpose of their use, and their posture. The Smartphone Addiction Scale Short Form (SAS-SF) was used to determine addictes and non-addicts. The cut-off value of SAS-SF is 31 and above for male and 33 and above for female. Results There were 136 participants in the study. The posture score for addicts and non-addicts ones was not significantly different (p > 0,05), but the number of trigger points, maximal bending posture and trigger points in the right levator scapula and right cervical erector muscles were significantly higher in the smartphone addict participants (p < 0,05). Conclusions Smartphone addiction in university students is associated with postural changes and trigger points in the bilateral levator scapula and right cervical erector muscles. Public health programs should be developed to raise awareness about smartphone addiction, encourage screen breaks, and emphasize physical activity and exercise regularly
Elucidating the chemical profile and biological studies of Verbascum diversifolium Hochst. extracts
No full textThe present study was designed to evaluate the chemical composition, antioxidant, enzyme inhibition and cytotoxic properties of different extracts from aerial parts of V. diversifolium (family Scrophulariaceae), a plant that is native to Lebanon, Syria and Turkey. Six extracts, namely, hexane, dichloromethane (DCM), ethyl acetate (EtOAc), ethanol (EtOH), 70% EtOH, and water (aqueous) were prepared by maceration. The EtOH extract was predominated by the presence of rutin (4280.20 mu g g(-1)) and p-coumaric acid (3044.01 mu g g(-1)) while the highest accumulation of kaempferol-3-glucoside (1537.38 mu g g(-1)), caffeic acid (130.13 mu g g(-1)) and 4-hydroxy benzoic acid (465.93 mu g g(-1)) was recorded in the 70% EtOH, aqueous, and EtOAc extracts, respectively. The EtOH (46.86 mg TE/g) and 70% EtOH (46.33 mg TE/g) extracts displayed the highest DPPH radical scavenging result. Both these extracts, along with the aqueous one, exerted the highest ABTS radical scavenging result (73.03-73.56 mg TE/g). The EtOH and 70% EtOH extracts revealed the most potent anti-AChE (2.66 and 2.64 mg GALAE/g) and anti-glucosidase (1.07 and 1.09 mmol ACAE/g) activities. The aqueous extract was the most efficacious in inhibiting the proliferation of prostate cancer (DU-145) cells with an IC50 of 8.71 mu g/mL and a Selectivity Index of 3.7. In conclusion, this study appraised the use of V. diversifolium aerial parts as a potential therapeutic source for future development of phytopharmaceuticals that target specific oxidative stress-linked diseases including diabetes, cancer, cardiovascular disease, and Alzheimer's disease among others
A qualitative study
No full textObjective: As essential healthcare providers, nurses are key to contributing innovations to improve the quality of care. This study aimed to explore the challenges pediatric nurses face in developing and patenting innovative products. Method: A qualitative descriptive design has been used in this study. The study sample consists of pediatric nurses who had developed innovative products and successfully obtained product registrations. Purposive sampling was used to select 17 pediatric nurses who met the inclusion criteria. Data were collected through semi-structured, individual, in-depth interviews. Results: Two main themes and two related subthemes were identified. The first main theme is ‘product development and management challenges.’ The subthemes of this theme are ‘unknown ecosystem’ and ‘burnout.’ The second theme is ‘protecting ideas and innovation.’ The subthemes of this theme are ‘fear of idea theft’ and ‘dead patents.’ Conclusion: Nurses face challenges, such as taking part in an unfamiliar innovation ecosystem, burnout due to long processes, and fear of idea theft. At the same time, commercialization of these innovations and market demand emerge as additional challenges. Practice implications: Identifying the challenges experienced by pediatric nurses during the innovation process can help to develop strategies to overcome difficulties, create an innovation culture, and increase the quality of pediatric patient care. © 2023 Elsevier Inc
Genetic Alterations in Lung Cancer
No full textLung cancer is the leading cause of cancer -related deaths worldwide. Due to the prevalence of late -stage diagnoses, treatment options are frequently constrained. Molecular profiling of lung cancer is crucial for the clinical management and successful therapy of the disease because lung cancer originates from a multilayered carcinogenesis consisting of multiple genetic and epigenetic abnormalities. The potential of anomalies involved in carcinogenesis as biomarkers that can be used in the diagnosis and treatment of lung cancer has begun to be evaluated due to the development of new generation sequencing methods and their more frequent application in the clinic. This review presents information regarding the genetic alterations responsible for the malignant transformation of lung cells. The article highlights the predominant gene mutations that are specific to a particular subtype of lung cancer, their impact on the clinical progression of the disease, and the response to treatment. However, in summarizing all genetic features, the latest information from the NCCN v2.2024 guide was taken into account
identification of anaerobic sulfidogenic bacterial enrichment cultures
No full textBacteriological studies of well water mainly focus on aerobic and facultative aerobic coliform bacteria. However, the presence of obligate anaerobic bacteria in well water, especially sulfate-reducing bacteria (SRB), possible causative agents of some diseases, is often ignored. In this study, the presence of SRB and coexisting anaerobic bacteria with SRB in sulfate-reducing enrichment cultures obtained from 10 well water samples in Istanbul was investigated. A nested polymerase chain reaction-denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis strategy was performed to characterize the bacterial community structure of the enrichments. The most probable number method was used to determine the SRB number. Out of 10, SRB growth was observed in only one (10%) enrichment culture and the SRB number was low (<10 cells/mL). Community members were identified as Desulfolutivibrio sulfodismutans and Anaerosinus sp. The results show that SRB coexist with Anaerosinus sp., and this may indicate poor water quality, posing a risk to public health. Furthermore, Anaerosinus sp. found in the human intestinal tract, may be used as an alternative anaerobic fecal indicator. It is worth noting that the detection of bacteria using molecular analyzes following enrichment culture techniques can bring new perspectives to determine the possible origin and presence of alternative microbial indicators in aquatic environments
Assessment of Damages in Precast Industrial Buildings in the Aftermath of Pazarcık and Elbistan Earthquakes
No full textTwo major earthquakes with moment magnitudes of 7.7 and 7.6 struck the districts of Pazarc & imath;k and Elbistan, causing thousands of deaths and severe damage. A lot of buildings located in 11 different cities were damaged or collapsed. In addition to urban areas, industrial regions were also affected and damaged by these earthquakes. In this study, the results of assessment studies performed in the industrial zones located in Malatya, Ad & imath;yaman, Kahramanmaras, Osmaniye, and Hatay cities are presented. The maximum seismic demands instrumented by the strong ground motion stations were first investigated. Then, the acceleration records obtained from the stations near the visited industrial zones were studied, and the spectral demands were compared to the code spectra. Obtained results have revealed that spectral acceleration and displacement demands are higher than that of design earthquake in many stations. Even in some stations, it was determined that the spectral demands, especially in the constant velocity region where the periods of precast industrial buildings are located, also exceeded the demand of the maximum earthquake of the code. After demand assessment studies, the structural properties of existing precast buildings are presented, and the reasons behind the damages are discussed. Site inspections have shown that connection failures are the most common type of damage observed. The overturning of roof girders and shear damage at corbels and beam ends are the typical forms of joint failures. Column flexural failures and other factors that cause the structural damage are discussed and explained. Non-structural damage was also determined in many buildings. Damage to suspended ceilings, facade cladding, products and equipment, and partition walls are the typical examples of non-structural damage observed. Reconnaissance studies have shown that the damaged building ratio in Kahramanmaras Turkoglu and Ad & imath;yaman Petrol industrial zones is significantly higher than in other regions visited. Damage distributions in Kahramanmaras Turkoglu and Ad & imath;yaman Petrol industrial zones, where comprehensive information was gathered, are presented and evaluated
Effect of polycystic ovary syndrome on the life quality of young women
No full textOBJECTIVE: The study evaluated the opinions of polycystic ovary syndrome on the life quality of women. METHODS: A total of 249 women with polycystic ovary syndrome participated in this descriptive study between October 2022 and July 2023 in Istanbul, Turkey. FINDINGS: Polycystic Ovary Syndrome and Quality of Life was significantly correlated with age (p=0.000) and frequent weight loss diets (p=0.000) (p<0.01). Among the Polycystic Ovary Syndrome and Quality of Life total score and polycystic ovary syndrome symptoms, those with hormone imbalance and insulin resistance had the highest mean scores, while those with menstrual irregularity and fatigue had the lowest. CONCLUSION: Advancing age changes the quality of life of women with polycystic ovary syndrome. To prevent the negative impact of polycystic ovary syndrome on women's quality of life, it is recommended that health professionals develop effective care plans utilizing available evidence
Evidence from Borsa Istanbul
No full textEarnings quality is crucial to provide investors and lenders with accurate information about the economic health of the firm and to help them make the right decisions. This paper examines whether the pooling of financial resources and internal funds allocation in corporate groups has a positive effect on earnings quality through reduced earnings management practices in affiliated firms. It is hypothesized that the funding benefits of pooling financial resources in corporate groups allow affiliated firms to reduce solvency problems arising from higher leverage, which in turn reduces incentives for earnings management. The study is based on a balanced panel data set of 95 non-financial firms traded on Borsa Istanbul covering the period between 2015 and 2022 (8 years) with a total of 760 observations. Using management's discretionary accruals as a proxy variable to measure management's flexibility to engage in earnings management, this study finds that being affiliated to a business group reduces earnings management incentives in group affiliates when firm's leverage increases. The business group's support on the debt-leveraged firm alleviates the motivation for earnings management practices
Synthesis of novel coumarin-triazole hybrids and first evaluation of the 4-phenyl substituted hybrid loaded PLGA nanoparticles delivery system to the anticancer activity
No full textDespite the discovery of many chemotherapeutic drugs that prevent uncontrolled cell division processes in the last century, many studies are still being carried out to develop drugs with higher anticancer efficacy and lower level of side effects. Herein, we designed, synthesized, and characterized six novel coumarin-triazole hybrids, and evaluated for anticancer activity of the one with the highest potential against the breast cancer cell line, MCF-7 and human cervical cancer cell line, human cervical adenocarcinoma (HeLa). Compound 21 which was the coumarin derivative including phenyl substituent with the lowest IC50 value displayed the highest cytotoxicity against the studied cancer cell line. Furthermore, the potential use of poly (lactic-co-glycolic acid) nanoparticles (PLGA NPs) prepared by the emulsifying solvent evaporation method as a platform for a drug delivery system was studied on a selected coumarin derivative 21. This coumarin derivative-loaded PLGA NPs were produced with an average size of 225.90 +/- 2.96 nm, -16.90 +/- 0.85 mV zeta potential, and 4.12 +/- 0.90% drug loading capacity. The obtained 21-loaded PLGA nanoparticles were analyzed spectroscopically and microscopically with FT-IR, UV-vis, and scanning electron microscopy as well as thermogravimetric analysis, Raman, and x-ray diffraction. The in vitro release of 21 from the nanoparticles exhibited a controlled release profile just over one month following a burst release in the initial six hours and in addition to this a total release ratio of %50 and %85 were obtained at pH 7.4 and 5.5, respectively. 21-loaded PLGA nanoparticles displayed remarkably effective anticancer activity than 21. The IC50 values were determined as IC50 (21-loaded PLGA nanoparticles): 0.42 +/- 0.01 mg ml-1 and IC50 (free 21 molecule): 5.74 +/- 3.82 mg ml-1 against MCF-7 cells, and as IC50 (21-loaded PLGA nanoparticles): 0.77 +/- 0.12 mg ml-1 and IC50 (free 21 molecule): 1.32 +/- 0.31 mg ml-1 against HeLa cells after the incubation period of 24 h. Our findings indicated that triazole-substituted coumarins may be used as an anticancer agent by integrating them into a polymeric drug delivery system providing improved drug loading and effective controlled drug release
A Novel Source of Bioactive Agents to Design Functional Applications
No full textThe present study was performed to determine the chemical constituents, cytotoxicity, antioxidant and enzyme inhibition activities of the aerial parts of Glaucium acutidentatum Hausskn. and Bornm. (family Papaveraceae). Methanolic and aqueous extracts were prepared by maceration, homogenizer-assisted extraction (HAE) and infusion. Results showed that the highest total phenolic and flavonoids contents were obtained from the methanol extracts obtained by HAE (53.22 +/- 0.10 mg GAE/g) and maceration (30.28 +/- 0.51 mg RE/g), respectively. The aporphine, beznyltetrahydroisoquinoline, and protopine types of Glaucium alkaloids have been tentatively identified. Among them, glaucine was identified in all extracts. Flavonoids, phenolic acids, coumarins, organic acids and fatty acids were also detected. Methanolic extract obtained using the HAE method displayed the highest anti-DPPH (41.42 +/- 0.62 mg TE/g), total antioxidant (1.20 +/- 0.17 mmol TE/g), Cu2+ (113.55 +/- 6.44 mg TE/g), and Fe3+ (74.52 +/- 4.74 mg TE/g) reducing properties. The aqueous extracts obtained by infusion and HAE methods exerted the best anti-ABTS (103.59 +/- 1.49 mg TE/g) and chelating (19.81 +/- 0.05 mg EDTAE/g) activities, respectively. Methanolic extract from HAE recorded the highest acetylcholinesterase (2.55 +/- 0.10 mg GALAE/g) and alpha-amylase (0.51 +/- 0.02 mmol ACAE/g) inhibition activities, while that obtained by maceration showed the best butyrylcholinesterase (3.76 +/- 0.31 mg GALAE/g) inhibition activity. Both extracts revealed the best tyrosinase inhibitory activity (25.15 +/- 1.00 and 26.79 +/- 2.36 mg KAE/g, p >= 0.05). G. acutidentatum maceration-derived aqueous extract showed selective anticancer activity against cells originating from human hypopharyngeal carcinoma. In conclusion, these findings indicated that G. acutidentatum is a promising source of alkaloids and phenolic compounds for variable pharmaceutical formulations