3036 research outputs found
Sort by
Biobased materials in nerve regeneration
No full textIn this chapter, first, a general overview of biobased materials and their usage in the biomedical field is provided. Then, the relations between nerve regeneration and functionalized cell-ECM interactions with biobased materials are mentioned to highlight the cellular structures. The cellular effect mechanism of biobased materials in nerve regeneration is also discussed to understand the bioactivity that occurs during injured neuron regeneration, such as neurogenesis, axonal regeneration, neurite outgrowth, and neuroprotection. © 2023 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved
Chemical Characterization of Different Extracts from Artemisia annua and Their Antioxidant, Enzyme Inhibitory and Anti-Inflammatory Properties
No full textArtemisia annua L. (Asteraceae Family) is an important plant in Asia that has been used for treating different diseases, including fever due to malaria, wounds, tubercolisis, scabues, pain, convulsions, diabetes, and inflammation. In this study we aimed to evaluate the effects of different polarity extracts (hexane, dichloromethane, ethyl acetate, ethanol, ethanol/water (70 %) and water) from A. annua against the burden of inflammation and oxidative stress occurring in colon tissue exposed to LPS. In parallel, chemical composition, antiradical, and enzyme inhibition effects against α-amylase, α-glucosidase, tyrosinase, and cholinesterases were evaluated. The water extract contained the highest content of the total phenolic with 34.59 mg gallic acid equivalent (GAE)/g extract, while the hexane had the highest content of the total flavonoid (20.06 mg rutin equivalent (RE)/g extract). In antioxidant assays, the polar extracts (ethanol, ethanol/water and water) exhibited stronger radical scavenging and reducing power abilities when compared to non-polar extracts. The hexane extract showed the best AChE, tyrosinase and glucosidase inhibitory effects. All extracts revealed effective anti-inflammatory agents, as demonstrated by the blunting effects on COX-2 and TNFα gene expression. These effects seemed to be not related to the only phenolic content. However, it is worthy of interest to highlight how the higher potency against LPS-induced gene expression was shown by the water extract; thus suggesting a potential phytotherapy application in the management of clinical symptoms related to inflammatory colon diseases, although future in vivo studies are needed to confirm such in vitro and ex vivo observations. © 2023 Wiley-VHCA AG, Zurich, Switzerland
A Novel Edible Coating Produced from a Wheat Gluten, Pistacia vera L. Resin, and Essential Oil Blend: Antimicrobial Effects and Sensory Properties on Chicken Breast Fillets
No full textAntimicrobial edible coatings can eliminate the risk of pathogen contamination on the surface of poultry products during storage. In this study, an edible coating (EC) based on wheat gluten, Pistacia vera L. tree resin (PVR), and the essential oil (EO) of PVR was applied on chicken breast fillets (CBF) by a dipping method to prevent the growth of Salmonella Typhimurium and Listeria monocytogenes. The samples were packed in foam trays wrapped with low-density polyethylene stretch film and stored at 8 & DEG;C for 12 days to observe the antimicrobial effects and sensory properties. The total bacteria count (TBC), L. monocytogenes, and S. Typhimurium were recorded during storage. The samples coated with EC, containing 0.5, 1, 1.5, and 2% v/v EO (ECEO), showed significant decreases in microbial growth compared to the control samples. The growth of TBC, L. monocytogenes, and S. Typhimurium was suppressed by 4.6, 3.2, and 1.6 logs, respectively, at the end of 12 days on the samples coated with ECEO (2%) compared to the uncoated controls (p 0.05) but increased the taste and general acceptance scores. Therefore, ECEO (2%) can be a feasible and reliable alternative to preserve CBFs without adversely affecting their sensory properties
Analytical investigation of the measures to be taken against weak storey irregularities
No full textDue to the earthquakes that have occurred in recent years, heavy damage has occurred in many structures in the world. When the damages occurred after the earthquakes have been examined, it has been observed that the damage occurred frequently in certain structures. These structures are generally structures with different shear capacity due to different story heights. This type of damage is defined as weak-soft storey irregularity in earthquake codes. For this reason, the use of reinforced concrete walls is recommended in the earthquake codes that have been updated in recent years. In addition, it is recommended by many researchers to strengthen the structures with various cross-frames on the storey where weak storey occur in such structures. For this purpose, a pushover analysis of structures with various storey heights and storey numbers supported by various cross-frames has been carried out. For this purpose, seismic analysis of 60 reinforced concrete structures has been made with the Seismo-Build program. In this study, the effectiveness of cross frames used in buildings with reinforced concrete wall and weak storey irregularities has been investigated
Polymeric nanoparticle-based electrochemical sensor for the detection of CA 125
No full textIn this paper, Cys-graft-p(HEMA) nanomaterials and a new electrochemical method were developed for determination of CA 125. Cys-graft-p(HEMA) nanomaterials were synthesized with emulsion polymerization method and modified with grafting procedure. It was determined that Cys-graft-p(HEMA) nanomaterials had 50 nm dimension and spherical morphology, and per gram polymeric material contained 0.011 mmol L-cysteine. Electrode surface was prepared step by step for electrochemical analysis with optimization process. Linear determination range was determined as 5–400 U/mL (R= 0.9935). Detection limit (LOD) was calculated as 1.87 U/ mL, and quantification limit (LOQ) was determined as 5.62 U/mL. The fabricated sensor system showed good repeatability, accuracy, reality, and storage stability. According to the results obtained, Cys-graft p(HEMA) nanomaterials that is used for the first time in biosensor has the potential to find use in the sector with rapid determination time (10 min), extensive determination range, accuracy of methods. Novelties of this study are rapid analysis, determination range, appropriate of prototype device development, and developing new designed material. Developed material and method can be used in the preliminary diagnosis of the disease and combined with a prototype device that can allow the follow-up of the treatment process in diagnosed patients
Evaluation of the Performance Limit States in Codes for RC Columns Under Different Axial Loads
No full textReinforced concrete columns that are not designed according to current seismic codes may be damaged under the earthquakes loads, which may cause the reinforced concrete buildings to collapse. The response of RC columns subjected to earthquake loads has to be examined in order to determine the seismic performance of RC buildings. The performance of RC columns is determined by using the deformation-based performance limit values given in the seismic codes. In this study, the effectiveness of performance limits proposed for RC columns in current seismic codes is examined quantitatively. A nonlinear finite element model was developed and verified using results of experimental studies selected from the literature. A parametric study was carried out to evaluate the performance of the state limits proposed in the codes. It is concluded that the performance limits values in TBEC 2018 are generally quite conservative compared to the values in Eurocode 8 and ASCE 41-17. This was clearly seen in low axial load levels where the effective performance is restricted to 22-53% of the actual column capacity, which limits the use of the potential ductile behavior in columns dominant by flexural response. Moreover, the study shows that the axial load level is a very important parameter in determining the performance levels according to the standards, and it is recommended that the codes used in the study update their performance levels to consider axial load variation effects
Clinical course of psoriasis patients that discontinued biologics during the COVID-19 pandemic
No full textBackground: Since psoriasis is a chronic disease, it is not recommended to discontinue the treatment agents used. However, in real life, the treatment of psoriasis patients may be interrupted for various reasons. During the pandemic period, the treatment of many patients was also interrupted. Objectives: To evaluate relapse and clinical worsening in psoriasis patients whose biological therapy was interrupted during the pandemic and reveal associated factors. Methods: The study included patients aged ≥18 years, who were followed up with moderate and severe chronic psoriasis controlled by the last biological agent [Psoriasis Area Severity Index (PASI) 75 response achieved] but had to discontinue their treatment during the pandemic. The patients' demographic and clinical characteristics, clinical course after the discontinuation of these agents, presence of clinical worsening, and relapse were evaluated. Risk factors were analyzed with the logistic regression analysis. Results: The study included 169 patients, with a mean age of 47.3 ± 14.5 (18–87) years. The mean biologics-free time was 18.2 ± 12.3 (2–56) weeks. Clinical worsening was detected in 41.4% and relapse in 48.5% of the patients. The significant risk factors for clinical worsening and relapse in both univariate and multivariate analyses were alcohol use during the biologics-free period, total time off biologics, and the presence of an additional triggering factor. The use of secukinumab and ustekinumab was found to be a protective factor against clinical worsening in multivariate analyses. Conclusion: As the biologics-free period is prolonged, the likelihood of clinical worsening and relapse increases, therefore, we do not recommend discontinuing biological agents. © 2023 The Authors. Journal of Cosmetic Dermatology published by Wiley Periodicals LLC
Response- and probability-based evaluation of spectrally matched ground motion selection strategies for bi-directional dynamic analysis of low- to mid-rise RC buildings
No full textIn this study, the effect of different strategies which consider various levels of constraints for spectrally matched ground motion (GM) selection on seismic responses of the buildings was evaluated. For this, six different three-dimensional buildings and three different local soil classes were considered. Various GM record sets were used for each strategy and local soil class pair to perform bi-directional nonlinear dynamic analyses of the buildings and maximum global and maximum inter-story drift ratio demands were obtained. To evaluate the efficiency of proposed strategies, the mean and dispersion of the demands were investigated. Then, the differences among the means of the seismic demands obtained for the strategies were evaluated using the analysis of variance method. Moreover, probability curves of the demands were constructed and compared. The results indicate that i) the mean of the demands generally used for code-based performance assessment can be estimated more consistently by the proposed strategies; ii) the supplemental constraints about spectral matching allow to control the dispersion of the spectral acceleration values of selected GMs and hence the dispersion of the demands; iii) using the appropriate one of the proposed strategies, GMs with desired dispersion of spectral accelerations can be acquired for probability-based performance assessment. © 2023 Institution of Structural Engineer
3D printable nanocomposite hydrogels for biomedical applications
No full textNanocomposite (NC) hydrogels are great candidates for developing functional biomaterials for biomedical applications, such as tissue engineering, smart drug delivery, and cancer therapy, due to their closely mimicking properties of the natural characteristics of the extracellular matrix (ECM). This chapter gives a general overview of the importance of NC hydrogel materials for 3D printing and 3D printable NC materials usage areas in biomedical applications. Then, considering the ECM mimicry ability, the cellular effect mechanism is mentioned to reveal the perfect biocompatibility of 3D NC hydrogel materials. © 2023 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved
[Emzirme ile İlgili Annelerin Geleneksel Uygulamaları: İstanbul ve Van Örneklemi]
No full textBackground: Having knowledge about traditional practices that significantly affect maternal and infant health is essential. Objectives: This study was carried out to determine the traditional practices of mothers regarding breastfeeding in two cities with different sociocultural structures. Methods: The sample of this comparative-descriptive study, consisted of 336 mothers who were breastfeeding or had previous breastfeeding experience in Van (171) and Istanbul (165). The data were collected by face-to-face interviews using an introductory information form and Infant Nutrition Attitude Scale (IIFAS). Results: The majority of the participants were pregnant (Istanbul 7.3%, Van 22.8%) and lactating mothers (Istanbul 40%, Van 38.6%). In both provinces, most of the participants reported to receive information about breastfeeding (77.6% in Istanbul, 63.2% in Van) (p>.05). In both provinces, dates were licked before breast milk (Istanbul 61.8%, Van 75.4%), and tar was applied to breasts to end breastfeeding (Istanbul 83%, Van 94.2%). In Istanbul, apricot compote was given to increase breast milk (58.8%) and the breast was washed with carbonated water (45.5%) to treat breast problems. However, in Van, bulgur rice was given to increase breast milk (61.4%) and onions were applied to breasts to treat breast problems (28.7%). The mean BBTS scores in Van was higher than in Istanbul (p=.000). Conclusion: Although the rate of traditional practices is low, these practices are still applied and practices to increase breast milk are frequently performed. Mothers should be informed about the detrimental and risk-free aspects of all these procedures. © 2023, Dokuz Eylul University. All rights reserved