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Analysis of cultural consensus model of two good life sub-domains - health & well-being and migration & socio-economic milieu - in three population groups from Croatia
No full textIn this study the construct of good life is explored among upper secondary school seniors, their parents and professors by applying the analysis of cultural consensus model. A total of 469 students, 474 parents and 158 professors from four Croatian cities participated in the study. The information collected through interviewing and freelisting during the first phase of the filed work was used for creating a set of structured questions contained in the questionnaire, as a part of the survey in the second phase of data collection. In this study the results are reported on two good life sub-domains: health & well-being and migration & socio-economic milieu. The obtained results indicate heterogeneity of studied sample groups, incomplete inter-generational transmission of cultural values and examples of two subgroups that resist cultural norms and do not comply to the dominant “competence-as-sharing” paradigm. The value of testing cultural consensus model based on the emic approach and locally significant phenomena is demonstrated for planning and conducting holistic anthropological research
Interactions between school bonding, disturbed family relationships, and risk behaviors among adolescents
No full textBACKGROUND. Substance use, gambling, and violence represent a great risk for adolescent health. Schools are often referred to as the “best” places for health promotion and prevention, where positive school bonding serves as a strong protective factor for the development of risk behaviors and poor school bonding is associated with various risk behaviors. The purpose of this study was to examine the risk effect of disturbed family relations, the protective effect of school bonding, and the extent to which school can compensate for the negative effect of an adverse family environment related to the risk behaviors of the adolescents.
METHODS. A self-reported questionnaire was administered to a random sample of students in grades 9-11 from 30 high schools. A total of 1519 respondents were included in the analysis. Covariance analysis was used to test the impact of sex, school year, school bonding, and family relationships on risk behaviors and the interaction effect of school bonding and family relationships.
RESULTS. Both dimensions of school bonding, attachment to school, and commitment to schooling, were found to be significant predictors of risk behavior, with a commitment to schooling being an even more significant predictor than disturbed family relations. Students with greater school bonding and unfavorable family circumstances reported fewer risk behaviors than students of equal family circumstances but weak school bonding.
CONCLUSIONS. These findings emphasize the role of the school as a social compensator for the adverse effects of a disturbed family environment
Osobnost brenda destinacije i predviđanje ponašajnih namjera turista: primjer grada Splita
No full textU fokusu rada dva su fenomena koja su, iako donekle neobična, relativno
uvriježena u općoj literaturi o ponašanju potrošača i upravljanju klasičnim brendovima
– percepcija osobnosti brenda te samoprocjena podudarnosti između osobnosti
pojedinca i osobnosti brenda. U okviru rada te se fenomene razmatra u kontekstu
istraživanja ponašanja turista i marketinga mjesta, odnosno turističke destinacije. Kada
je riječ o destinacijskim brendovima, percepcija osobnosti brenda odnosi se na viđenje
toga kakva bi destinacija bila kad bi bila osoba, tj. procjenu skupa ljudskih osobina
povezanih s destinacijom. Procjena samo-podudarnosti pak podrazumijeva izjašnjavanje
osobe o tome koliko je njezina osobnost sukladna percipiranoj osobnosti destinacije.
Online istraživanjem u kojem su sudjelovali mlađi domaći posjetitelji grada Splita
(N = 263) ispitana je struktura percipirane osobnosti grada Splita te je analizirana uloga
koju percepcija osobnosti destinacije i procjena samo-podudarnosti imaju u predviđanju
ponašajnih namjera turista (preporuka i ponovni posjet). Rezultati pokazuju da
sudionici u najvećoj mjeri doživljavaju Split kao lijep, opušten i veseo, a u najmanjoj
mjeri kao radišan, glamurozan i zapadni. Oni sudionici koji osobnost Splita doživljavaju
pozitivnijom te svoju osobnost procjenjuju sukladnijom osobnosti Splita skloniji
su tome da drugima preporuče posjet Splitu od onih sudionika koji se ne smatraju
sličnima Splitu te ga općenito doživljavaju negativnijim. Ponovni posjet predviđa samo
percepcija osobnosti destinacije, pri čemu je vjerojatnije da se u Split vrate one osobe
koje njegovu osobnost vide pozitivnijom. U okviru rasprave o nalazima istaknute su
osnovne metodološke zamjerke ovom i sličnim istraživanjima te navedene neke smjernice
za buduća istraživanja i praksu. (IN ENGLISH: This paper focuses on two phenomena that are quite unusual, but relatively often present in
the literature about consumer behaviour and traditional brand management – brand personality
and self-congruity. Here they are examined within the framework of tourists’ behaviour
and destination management. Consequently, brand personality relates to the perception of
destination as if it were a person, i.e. the assessment of a set of human characteristics associated
with the destination. Self-congruity stands for the assessment of the congruence between
one’s personality and destination’s personality. Online research on the sample of young domestic
tourists of the city of Split (N = 263) examined the structure of the perceived destination
personality of Split, and explored the role that the perceived destination personality and
self-congruity have in predicting tourists’ behavioural intentions (recommendation and return).
The participants mostly perceived Split as beautiful, relaxed and cheerful, and the least
as hard-working, glamorous and western. Those participants who assessed the personality of
Split more positively and estimated their personality to correspond more to the personality
of Split, had greater tendency to recommend Split, in comparison to those participants who
did not see themselves to be similar to Split and assessed its personality more negatively. The
intention to return was only predicted by the perceived destination personality, with those
participants seeing the personality of Split more positively being more likely to visit again.
The discussion section includes some observations on the methodological shortcomings of
this and similar studies, as well as some guidelines for the forthcoming research and practice.
An easy A or a question of belief: pupil attitudes to Catholic religious education in Croatia
No full textThis paper describes the results of a mixed model research that, as the first of its kind, aimed to determine the nature of, and underlying factors influencing, Croatian elementary pupils’ attitudes towards confessional Catholic religious education (RE). Analyses of the questionnaire responses of the eighth-grade pupils from the stratified sample of schools revealed generally positive attitudes towards confessional RE as well as homogeneity with respect to academic achievement and higher estimations of girls. Qualitative analyses offered more critical pupil perspectives on RE and its delivery. From the triangulation of the data, three separate elements emerged as the foundation of the attitudes towards RE. The first and primary influence is the exposure to religious sentiment and values from their families. Secondly, pupil attitudes are affected by their own personal development and a growing ability to critically observe the world around them. Finally, the methods through which RE is delivered and assessed also serve as a strong contributor to pupils’ attitudes. The voices of pupils demand an adoption of a more dialectical approach to teaching and learning, and lesser reliance on catechesis which could reflect positively on the attitudes of all pupils, and especially of those who are most critical of the subject
Patterns of internet use and mental health of high school students in Istria County Croatia: cross-sectional study
No full textThe aim was to examine associations between different forms of internet use and a number of psychological variables related to mental health in adolescents. A cross-sectional survey was carried out on a representative sample of students (N=1539) from all high schools in the region of Istria in Croatia (14-19 years). The associations between four factors of internet use and nine mental health indicators were analyzed using canonical correlation analysis. The four canonical functions suggested a significant association between different types of internet use and specific indicators of mental health (P<0.001). Problematic internet use, more typical among boys, was associated with general aggressive behavior and substance abuse (P<0.001). Experiences of harassment, more typical among girls, were associated with health complaints, symptoms of depression, loneliness, and fear of negative evaluation (P<0.001). Using the internet for communication and entertainment was associated with better relationships with peers (P<0.001), while use of the internet for academic purposes was associated with conscientiousness (P<0.001). The results suggest that different patterns of internet use are significantly associated with specific sets of positive and negative mental health indicators. The data support the assumption that internet use can have both positive and adverse effects on the mental health of youth
Vrednovanje znanstvenog rada u području društvenih znanosti na temelju časopisa kao medija znanstvenog komuniciranja
No full textU vrednovanju znanstvenog rada u području društvenih znanosti za većinu znanstvenih polja, osim kvalitativnog pristupa, sve je uobičajeniji i kvantitativni, scientometrijski pristup. Kvantitativni pristup vrednovanju temelji se najčešće na objavljenim rezultatima istraživanja kao i njihovom odjeku u relevantnoj znanstvenoj zajednici. Iako su knjige/monografije kao oblik znanstvenog komuniciranja u društvenim znanostima neizostavne, časopisi postaju sve važniji komunikacijski medij. Cilj ovog istraživanja je utvrditi koliko su pojedina znanstvena polja društvenih znanosti predstavljana kroz časopise, u kojoj mjeri ti časopisi imaju nacionalni karakter, odnosno jesu li dostupni relevantnoj svjetskoj znanstvenoj zajednici svojom indeksiranošću u bazama WoS i Scopus te kakav im je status unutar predmetnog područja pojedinog znanstvenog polja društvenih znanosti na međunarodnoj razini. Kako bi se dobila orijentaciona slika stanja s komparabilnim okruženjem, napravljena je usporedba indeksiranosti časopisa iz područja društvenih znanosti u bazama WoS i Scopus 11 novih zemalja EU članicama koje su imale slično društveno uređenje do devedesetih godina 20-tog stoljeća. U uzorku od 11 zemalja Hrvatska je u obje baza bila najreprezentativnije zastupljena s brojem indeksiranih časopisa. Rezultati svih provedenih analiza opravdavaju tvrdnju o važnosti časopisa iz društvenih znanosti u znanstvenom komuniciranju. Njihova reprezentativnost zastupljenosti u relevantnim svjetskim bibliografskim i citatjnim izvorima, pokazuju opravdanost njihovog korištenja u vrednovanju znanstvenog rada kvantitativnim metodama
Urban processes in Zagreb: residential and commercial developments
No full textIn the post-socialist and transition period, Croatia and especially its capital city Zagreb have experienced many physical transformations of space but, most of all, remarkable social changes. For example, socially-oriented housing construction planned and co-financed by towns in Croatia is in a very unfavourable position compared to private housing construction, especially on the outskirts of towns. This benefits neither towns nor their residents, but rather only those urban actors interested in the development of capitalism. In recent years, there has been a lot of building in the city core and on the outskirts of Zagreb, which is not well integrated into the existing urban structure, image or skyline of the city. There is also a major problem of insufficient primary and secondary infrastructure in the new housing estates. The current situation in the planning process is characterized by conflict and lack of balance between powerful political and economic actors and less powerful professional and civil actors. Experts of various profiles often point out that ignoring the process of planning means irreparable long-term damage to the space. Such incongruous transformations show the absence of comprehensive urban planning and urbanism. (IN CROATIAN: Cjelokupni je prostor Hrvatske u postsocijalističkom i tranzicijskom razdoblju doživio brojne i značajne promjene, i u smislu fizičkih transformacija, ali ponajviše onih socijalnih. Primjerice socijalna stanogradnja koju planiraju i sufinanciraju gradovi u Hrvatskoj u vrlo je nepovoljnom položaju prema stanogradnji privatnog tipa, pogotovo na rubovima gradova. Takva situacija nije povoljna za građane i grad, već samo za one urbane aktere koji podržavaju kapitalistički razvoj grada. Posljednjih godina pojavljuje se izgradnja u centru i na rubovima grada koja se ne uklapa u postojeću urbanu strukturu i njegovu vizuru. Prisutan je i problem neadekvatne primarne i sekundarne infrastrukture u novim naseljima. Trenutačnu situaciju u procesu planiranja karakteriziraju sukobi i neravnoteža između političkih i ekonomskih aktera na jednoj strani te stručnih i civilnih aktera na drugoj. Stručnjaci različitih profila upozoravaju kako ignoriranje procesa planiranja dugoročno ostavlja nepopravljivu štetu u prostoru te kako takve transformacije grada govore o nepostojanju urbanizma.
