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Roma inclusion in the Croatian society: education and employment
Get PDFThe "vicious circle" metaphor of mutually reinforcing poverty, weak school performance, unemployment, discrimination and social distance from the majority population is often used to describe the social status of the Roma ethnic community in most countries. The book presents quantitative and qualitative data collected on a representative sample of the Roma population in Croatia that describe its specific social position, but also the needs and experiences in the fields of education and employment. The authors make specific recommendations for social policy makers based on psychosocial theories of education and employment
Sažeti rezultati anketnih ispitivanja o rodnom jazu u plaćama i mirovinama
Get PDFIN CROATIAN: U ovoj su publikaciji sažeto izneseni glavni rezultati anketnih ispitivanja o rodnom jazu u plaćama i mirovinama, rodnim predrasudama na tržištu rada te usklađivanju rada i obiteljskih obaveza, koja je u sklopu projekta „Jednaka prava – jednake plaće – jednake mirovine“ proveo Institut za društvena istraživanja u Zagrebu. Glavninu istraživačkih aktivnosti instituta činila su 3 anketna ispitivanja provedena na prigodnim uzorcima privatnih i javnih poduzeća te ustanova koje posluju u djelatnostima financija i osiguranja, zdravstvene zaštite i socijalne skrbi te prerađivačke industrije, njihovim zaposlenicima/ama koji/e rade na voditeljskim i upravljačkim položajima, kao i učenicima/ama srednjih strukovnih škola koji/e se obrazuju za rad u tim djelatnostima. Sva su anketna ispitivanja provedena u proljeće 2019. godine u četiri regionalna središta: Zagrebu, Splitu, Rijeci i Osijeku. --------------- IN ENGLISH: This publication presents the summarized results of surveys on gender pay and pension gaps, gender prejudices in the labour market, and work-family reconciliation. The majority of the research activities was comprised of three surveys implemented on the appropriate samples of private and public companies as well as institutions operating in the spheres of finance and insurance, healthcare and welfare, and the processing industry, their management/leadership employees as well as students of vocational schools being educated to work in those industries
In search for difference: gender versus the economic transformation of education
Get PDFIN ENGLISH: In this paper, the role of education in the intellectual, creative and moral development of the child will be confronted with those aspects of the education system challenging that role. With the emphasis on the difficulties education systems have in observing children’s capacities and potentials independently of their gender, certain aspects of the educational reproduction of gender difference will be addressed, whereby in the very focus of our interest will be holders of educational processes in institutions of early childhood and preschool education. The paper is divided into three parts. In the first part the ambiguous role of education in contemporary European and Croatian society will be discussed, the ambiguity stemming from the social inability to reconcile the emancipatory aspects of education with its pragmatic role in the economic production of goods. In the second part economic and gender aspects of the teaching profession in Croatia will be emphasized, building upon the understanding of said profession as a paradigmatic example of the inadequacies of solving gender inequality with short-term market interventions instead with substantial changes in social and economic relations. In the third part research results on early childhood and preschool education students’ attitudes toward sex role stereotyping will be presented. It is concluded that students in that field are in most cases egalitarian, but that some of them still have a traditional understanding of gender relations. Finally, future educators’ egalitarian views are confronted with the reality of their feminized, underpaid and marginalized profession. --------------- IN CROATIAN: U ovom će se radu uloga obrazovanja u intelektualnom, kreativnom i moralnom razvoju djeteta suprotstaviti onim aspektima obrazovnog sustava koji tu ulogu dovode u pitanje. Uz naglasak na poteškoće obrazovnih sustava u promatranju dječjih kapaciteta i potencijala neovisno o njihovom rodu, bit će obrađeni određeni aspekti obrazovne reprodukcije rodne razlike, pri čemu će u samom fokusu našeg interesa biti nositelji obrazovnih procesa u ustanovama ranog i predškolskog obrazovanja. Rad je podijeljen na tri dijela. U prvom dijelu raspravljat će se o dvoznačnoj ulozi obrazovanja u suvremenom europskom i hrvatskom društvu, pri čemu dvoznačnost proizlazi iz društvene nemogućnosti usklađivanja emancipacijskih aspekata obrazovanja s njegovom pragmatičnom ulogom u ekonomskoj proizvodnji dobara. U drugom će se dijelu naglasak staviti na ekonomske i rodne aspekte obrazovne profesije u Hrvatskoj, polazeći od razumijevanja te profesije kao paradigmatičnog primjera neadekvatnosti rješavanja rodne nejednakosti kratkoročnim tržišnim intervencijama bez stvarnih promjena u društvenim i ekonomskim odnosima. U trećem dijelu bit će predstavljeni rezultati istraživanja o stavovima studenata ranog i predškolskog odgoja i obrazovanja o stereotipizaciji rodnih uloga. Zaključeno je da su studentice ranog i predškolskog odgoja i obrazovanja u većini slučajeva egalitarne, ali da neke od njih i dalje posjeduju tradicionalno razumijevanje rodnih odnosa. Konačno, egalitarni pogledi budućih odgojiteljica suprotstavljeni su stvarnosti njihove feminizirane, potplaćene i marginalizirane profesije
The rejectionist ethic and the spirit of the green economy: the Western Zeitgeist, the Croatian context, and green entrepreneurship
Get PDFIN ENGLISH: This article explores how particular layers of the Western Zeitgeist and the Croatian social and economic context influenced the emergence and development of green entrepreneurship, and whether they could be helpful in understanding the potential transition to a green economy. It is argued that what initially drove several of interviewees to green entrepreneurships could be subsumed under the label rejectionist ethic used here to encompass different modes of rejecting modern economic institutions and the usual life trajectory of completing one’s education and working at a job in line with one’s social position and/or education. --------------- IN CROATIAN: Članak istražuje kako su određeni dijelovi zapadnog Zeitgeista i hrvatskog društvenog i ekonomskog konteksta utjecali na nastanak i razvoj zelenog poduzetništva, te da li mogu pomoći u razumijevanju potencijalne tranzicije prema zelenoj ekonomiji. Tvrdi se da je nekolicinu kazivača prema zelenom poduzetništvu inicijalno vodilo ono što se ovdje svrstava pod koncept etike odbacivanja. Etika odbacivanja obuhvaća različite oblike odbacivanja modernih ekonomskih institucija i uobičajenog životnog puta završetka obrazovanja i rada na radnom mjestu u skladu s društvenim položajem i/ili obrazovanjem
Roditeljske srednjoškolske aspiracije za djecu iz perspektive učenika pri kraju osnovnog obrazovanja
Get PDFIN CROATIAN: Roditeljske srednjoškolske aspiracije su ambicije i ciljevi koje roditelji imaju za svoju djecu u vezi s obrazovanjem na srednjoškolskoj razini. U hrvatskom kontekstu dosad nisu bile istraživane iako značajno pridonose učeničkim aspiracijama i školskom uspjehu, a prediktor su i pokazatelja uključenosti roditelja u obrazovanje djece. Cilj je ovog rada istražiti prirodu i odrednice roditeljskih srednjoškolskih aspiracija iz perspektive učenika te opisati obrasce komunikacije i interakcije roditelja i djece vezano uz aspiracije i prijelaz iz osnovne u srednju školu. Roditeljske srednjoškolske aspiracije ispitane su iz perspektive učenika istraživanjem miješanog modela, koje je uključivalo upitničko ispitivanje s 1 031 učenikom 8. razreda zagrebačkih osnovnih škola te provedbu polustrukturiranih razgovora s 29 učenika na kraju prvog polugodišta 8. razreda. Kvantitativna istraživačka dionica pokazuje da su značajni prediktori roditeljskih srednjoškolskih aspiracija očekivani školski uspjeh učenika i obrazovni status roditelja, dok učinak spola učenika nije značajan. Kvalitativna istraživačka dionica upućuje na podudarnost učeničkih i roditeljskih aspiracija te na znatnu uključenost roditelja u proces odabira srednjoškolskih opcija. U obiteljima različitoga obrazovnog statusa roditelja utvrđeni su ponešto različiti komunikacijski i interakcijski obrasci vezano uz srednjoškolske aspiracije i odabir srednje škole, koji se vežu uz razlike u vrednovanju gimnazijskog i strukovnog obrazovanja u tim obiteljima. --------------- IN ENGLISH: Parental secondary educational aspirations are the ambitions and goals that parents have for their children's secondary education. In the Croatian context, they have not been researched so far, despite contributing significantly to pupils' aspirations and school success and being a predictor of parental involvement in children's education. This paper aims to research the nature and determinants of parental secondary educational aspirations from the perspective of pupils and describe the patterns of communication and interaction between parents and children related to aspirations and the transition from elementary to secondary school. Parental secondary educational aspirations were examined from the pupils' perspective by a mixed-model study involving a survey of 1,031 8th-grade pupils from elementary schools in Zagreb and semi-structured interviews with 29 pupils at the end of the first semester of the 8th grade. The quantitative part of the research indicates that pupils' expected school achievement and parental educational status were significant predictors of parental secondary educational aspirations, while the effect of pupils' gender was not significant. The qualitative part of the research points to a congruence between pupils' and parental aspirations and the substantial involvement of parents in the process of selection of secondary educational options. In families where parents have different educational statuses, the patterns of communication and interaction regarding aspirations and secondary school choice varied to some extent and were related to different valuation of grammar schools and vocational education in these families
Anticlericalism, nonreligiosity and atheism in Croatia
Get PDFIN ENGLISH: Although Catholicism was the most prominent identification of Croats throughout history, anticlerical, atheistic and antireligious ideas were present and more or less visible in society during different periods. This chapter attempts to describe these ideas. They were articulated in the 19th century in political and literary (modernistic) circles that questioned the church’s position and its role in society. In the field of the natural sciences of the time, the first ideologization of Darwinism in relation to religion began. The most powerful form of atheism and secularism, as a political doctrine in Croatia, developed after the end of World War II within the framework of Communist Yugoslavia. After the collapse of Communism and the disintegration of Yugoslavia, religiosity became a desirable (and dominant) conformity pattern, but nonreligiosity and atheism were still present on the individual and group levels (in the form of organized communities of nonreligious people and atheists influenced by the New Atheism). All the tendencies that were rejecting a traditional religious belief system in Croatia were part of similar trends in Europe, specifically as a form of rejecting hegemony, as a part of the state imposed ideology due to the spread of socialism or the influence of new social movements (New Atheism) in the last few years. --------------- IN CROATIAN: Iako je katolicizam bio najistaknutiji element identifikacije Hrvata kroz povijest, u različitim su razdobljima bile prisutne i više ili manje vidljive antiklerikalne, ateističke i antireligijske ideje. U ovom se poglavlju nastoji opisati te ideje. Oblikovane su u 19. stoljeću u političkim i intelektualnim (modernističkim) krugovima koji su propitivali položaj i ulogu crkve u društvu. U polju prirodnih znanosti onoga vremena započela je prva ideologizacija darvinizma u odnosu prema religiji. Najmoćniji oblik ateizma i sekularizma, kao političke doktrine u Hrvatskoj, razvio se nakon završetka Drugoga svjetskog rata u okviru komunističke Jugoslavije. Nakon pada komunizma i raspada Jugoslavije, religioznost je postala poželjan (i dominantan) obrazac konformizma, no nereligioznost i ateizam još uvijek su bili prisutni na razini pojedinaca i grupa (u obliku organiziranih zajednica nereligioznih ljudi i ateista na koje je utjecao novi ateizam). Sva nastojanja koja su odbacivala tradicionalni religijski sustav vjerovanja u Hrvatskoj bila su dio sličnih strujanja u Europi, osobito kao oblik odbacivanja hegemonije, kao dijela državno nametnute ideologije uslijed širenja socijalizma ili utjecaja novih društvenih pokreta (novi ateizam) u posljednjih nekoliko godina
Pape i protestanti: od pape Ivana XXIII do pape Franje
No full textIN CROATIAN: U radu se razmatra odnos koncilskih i poslijekoncilskih papa, Ivana XXIII, Pavla VI, Ivana Pavla II, Benedikta XVI i aktualnog pape Franje prema protestantizmu, s osvrtom na pretkoncilske stavove, od pape Pija IX do papa Pija XI i PIja XII. U kontekstu značajne koncilske promjene u odnosu prema protestantima, analiziraju se poslijekoncilske razlike u stavovima pojedinih papa, zaključno sa stavovima pape Franje u aktualnom pontifikatu. --------------- IN ENGLISH: The article considers relationship of the Council and Post-Council Popes – John XXIII, Paul VI, John Paul II, Benedict XVI and current Pope Francis, with reference to the Pre-Council Popes attitudes - from the Pope Pius IX to the Popes Pius XI and Pius XII. In the context of the significant Council change in relationship to the Protestants, the Post-Council differences in views of individual Popes, concluding with the attitudes of the current Pope Frances, was analyzed
Values underpinning a degrowth transformation of the socio-political system
Get PDFIN ENGLISH: This paper deals with attitudes, values and ideologies as potentials in influencing cultural change toward more environmentally and socially sustainable socio-political system. The main framework of the discussion is the degrowth paradigm and the results of analyses are based on the two modules of the International Social Survey Program (2017). The main indicator of the (social) degrowth potentiality is the ‘degrowth scale’, consisting of dimensions related the end of economic growth and the need for social change. Those dimensions are (statistically) contextualised within respondents’ socio-demographic characteristics, and their other values and attitudes, and discussed within the degrowth paradigm. --------------- IN CROATIAN: Ovaj se rad bavi stavovima, vrijednostima i ideologijama kao potencijalima za utjecaj na kulturnu promjenu ka ekološki i socijalno održivom društveno-političkom sustavu. Glavni okvir rasprave je paradigma odrasta, a rezultati se temelje na dva modula International Social Survey Program-a (2017). Glavni indikator (društvenog) potencijala odrasta je 'skala odrasta', koja se sastoji od dimenzija povezanih s krajem gospodarskog rasta i potrebom za društvenim promjenama. Te su dimenzije (statistički) kontekstualizirane unutar socio-demografskih karakteristika ispitanika i njihovih drugih vrijednosti i stavova, te su raspravljeni u okviru paradigme odrasta
Transforming sustainability in the time of pandemic
Get PDFIN ENGLISH: The central message of this journal issue is that the social science and humanities in collaboration with other fields of science should put more attention to redefining sustainability as a concept which has been used and abused from its inception and has meanwhile lost a part of significance. The covid-19 pandemic presents an opportunity to carry out the transformation, to re-think the basic concepts of sustainability and to adapt them to the new circumstances. --------------- IN CROATIAN: Središnja poruka ovog broja časopisa je redefiniranje koncepta održivosti stavljajući pritom naglasak na važnost i ulogu raznorodnih pristupa u društvenim i humanističkim znanostima u suradnji s drugim granama i područjima. Redefiniranje održivosti jest nužnost zbog intenzivnog korištenja tog pojma u suvremenom diskursu, kao i zloupotrebe značenja i gubitka pozitivnog značaja. Pandemija virusa Covid-19 stoga pruža priliku za transformaciju i preispitivanje osnovnih pojmova i koncepata održivosti, kao i njihovo prilagođavanje novim okolnostima
Gimnazija ili četverogodišnja strukovna škola?: osobne i socijalne odrednice odabira vrste srednjoškolskog obrazovanja
Get PDFIN CROATIAN: Integrativni teorijski modeli, poput socijalno-kognitivne teorije obrazovnih i karijernih izbora, prepoznaju brojnost i složenost odrednica učeničke odluke o odabiru vrste srednjoškolskog obrazovanja. No, malobrojna su istraživanja u kojima se istodobno provjeravao doprinos većeg broja odrednica te odluke. Cilj ovog rada je istražiti doprinos različitih osobnih i socijalnih odrednica učeničkog odabira gimnazijskog ili četverogodišnjeg strukovnog obrazovanja; obrazovnih odabira koji omogućuju izravnu prohodnost prema visokom obrazovanju. Osobne su odrednice spol, školski uspjeh, akademska samoefikasnost, samopoštovanje te čimbenici odabira srednjoškolskog obrazovanja, dok su socijalne odrednice učeničke procjene radnog i obrazovnog statusa roditelja te srednjoškolske aspiracije roditelja za dijete. U istraživanju su korišteni podatci prikupljeni upitnicima na učenicima 7. i 8. razreda 23 zagrebačke osnovne škole (N=784). Testiran je binarni logistički model kojim je ispitan relativni doprinos odrednica u objašnjenju odabira vrste srednjoškolskog obrazovanja. Od osobnih odrednica ulogu u učeničkim odabirima imaju spol, školski uspjeh i samoefikasnost. Četverogodišnje strukovno obrazovanje češće žele upisati mladići, učenici/ce nižeg uspjeha i niže samoefikasnosti. Među socijalnim odrednicama ulogu imaju radna aktivnost majke i srednjoškolska aspiracija roditelja za dijete. Četverogodišnje strukovno obrazovanje češće žele upisati učenici/ce čije su majke radno neaktivne, čiji roditelji žele da oni upišu četverogodišnje strukovno obrazovanje te učenici/ce koji nisu upoznati s aspiracijama svojih očeva za njih. Rezultati potvrđuju dosadašnje nalaze o povezanosti individualnih varijabli poput školskog uspjeha i samoefikasnosti s namjerama učenika vezanim za upis gimnazijskoga ili četverogodišnjeg strukovnog obrazovanja. Među socijalnim odrednicama, aspiracije roditelja pokazale su se važnijima za djetetovu namjeru upisa vrste srednjoškolskog obrazovanja od njihova socioekonomskog statusa. --------------- IN ENGLISH: Integrative theoretical models, such as the social cognitive theory of career and academic choices, recognise the complexity of determinants of students’ decisions about the choice of secondary education. However, few studies have simultaneously examined the contribution of several determinants of this choice. This paper aims to examine the contribution of different personal and social determinants of students’ choices of grammar school or four-year vocational secondary education - educational programs that allow direct access to higher education. Personal determinants are gender, school achievement, academic self-efficacy, self-esteem, and factors related to the choice of secondary education, while social determinants are students' reports of their parents' work status, educational status, and secondary school aspirations for the child. The data were collected by questionnaires administered on 7th- and 8th-grade students in 23 elementary schools in Zagreb (N = 784). A binary logistic model was tested, examining the relative contribution of the determinants in explaining the choice of the type of secondary education. Among the personal determinants, gender, school achievement, and self-efficacy play a role in student choices. Four-year vocational education is more often chosen by male students and students with lower school achievement and lower self-efficacy. Significant social determinants are the mother's work status and the parents' secondary school aspirations for their child. Four-year vocational education is more often chosen by students whose mothers do not work, whose parents prefer their enrolment at four-year vocational education, and who are unfamiliar with their fathers' aspirations for them. The results confirm previous findings on the relationship between personal determinants, such as school achievement and self-efficacy, and students’ intentions related to enrolment at grammar school or four-year vocational education. Among the social determinants, parental aspirations have proven to be more important for their child’s intentions of enrolling at a certain type of secondary education than their socioeconomic status