Indian Journal of Pharmaceutical and Biological Research (IJPBR)
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Mushrooms as medicinal and therapeutic agents
Get PDFMushrooms constitute a broad group of macrofungi, distributed all over the world, and serves as a reliable source of nutrients and medicine. While the importance of mushroom as single cell protein is well characterized, its potentiality in medical application is much less addressed and characterized. Mushrooms harbor several bioactive compounds of pharmacological significance like β-glucans, terpenes, steroids, proteins and peptides which exhibit antimicrobial, antiviral, anticancer, anti-angiogenic, anti-neurodegenerative, antioxidant, anti-thrombotic, anti-inflammatory, hepatoprotective, immunomodulatory and hypoglycemic properties. Agaricus blazei, Ganoderma, Auricularia, Lentinus, Flammulina, Grifola, Trametes (Coriolus), Tremella and Pleurotus are some of the mushrooms which have been used in medicines. However, there are yet unidentified and uncharacterized mushrooms available in nature and large scale exploitation of mushrooms to resolve clinical symptoms will depend on more research in identifying novel compounds and conducting extensive clinical trials in human subjects
Phytochemical and Elemental Screening on Different Extracts of Leaf, Flower, Stem& Seed of Cassia Sophera Linn: An Important Medicinal Plant of Bangladesh
Get PDFQualitative analysis of Cassia Sophera Linn plant confirms the presence of various phytochemicals like alkaloids, flavonoids, terpenoids, saponins, steroids, carbohydrates, anthaquinone glycosides etc in different extracts of its leaves flowers, stems and seeds. Some minerals have also been identified in the leaves, flowers, stems and seed part of the plant by Atomic absorption spectroscopic techniques
Formulation, Physical Characteristics, and Irritation Test of Soothing Gel Combination from Aloe vera gel and Dragon Fruit Juice
Get PDFDry skin is often causes of several problems in skin health. People pay less attention to symptoms caused such as redness, roughness, scaling, cracking, and itching. Factors that cause dry skin include temperature, air humidity, and exposure to ultraviolet light. Soothing gel that contains of high concentration active ingredients is one of cosmetic products that are trending in Korea. In this study, the combination of aloe (Aloe vera) and dragon fruit (Hylocereus polyrhizus) was used as active ingredients. The aim of this study was to determine the phytochemical screening of active ingredients, physical characteristic, and measuring irritation index on animal test. Formulation of soothing gel preparation was made by varying concentration of active inggredients, that is, FI (85%), FII (90%), and FIII (95%). The data obtained were analyzed by statistical with a different 95% confidence level a significant difference between treatment groups. Phytochemical screening confirmed the presence of alkaloid, flavonoid, terpenoid, and saponin (negative results in dragon fruit juice) in each juice. The result of physical characteristic showed that the concentration of active ingredient affect pH, spreadability, and adhesion power (P < 0.05). Meanwhile, the result of measuring irritation index was showed that none of the formulas caused erythema and edema at 24, 48, and 72 h observed time.Keywords: 
Yeast-mediated Green Synthesis of Nanoparticles for Biological Applications
Get PDFGreen synthesis of nanoparticles (NPs) using microorganisms and green plants is one of the latest trends in research that has gained momentum, since it is an ecofriendly approach, with lesser toxicity to the environment. Microbial synthesis of metal NPs is a function of the ability of resistance against heavy metal toxicity, carried out by redox enzymes that participate in converting toxic metal ions to inert forms, or by structural proteins that bind metals. Yeasts are non-pathogenic, eukaryotic microorganisms, and available in different strains which have economic importance in breweries and bakeries as well as in food industry as nutrient supplements and their ability to ferment sugar. A novel use of yeasts, explored in recent times, is their potentiality to produce metal (gold, silver, titanium, palladium, and selenium)-NPs, of specific dimensions, either extracellularly or intracellularly, through their reducing enzymes involving different mechanisms. Such synthesized NPs also have tremendous importance as antibacterial, antifungal, antioxidant, and anticancer agents. This review focuses on yeast as a major scaffold for synthesis of different metal NPs and their several biological applications including nanomedicines.Keywords: Biological application, Green synthesis, Nanomedicine, Nanoparticles, Yeast
Phyto-chemical and therapeutic briefing of Kigelia africana (Lam.) Benth
Get PDFThe present study reveals the medicinal uses, chemical composition and examines recent investigations on the therapeutic activity of extracts and chemicals identified from Kigelia africana. The article also presents some of the functions of the chemicals present and attempt to emphasize and create an awareness of the great potential of Kigelia Africana. The present review highlights the plant profile, traditional uses as anticancer, antiulcer, anti-aging, antioxidant, and antimalarial and also as genital infections, gynaecological disorders, renal ailments, fainting, epilepsy, sickle-cell anaemia, psoriasis, eczema, central nervous system depression, respiratory ailment, leprosy, worm infestation, athlete’s foot, and various cosmetic preparations, etc., the chemical constituents such as iridoids, naphthaquinones, fatty acids, norviburtinal, sterols, lignans, terpenoid, and flavonoids, etc., and various pharmacological activities of K. Africana (Lam.) Benth. Examined by various modern scientific researches and from the results of some potent phytoconstituents, this plant has great potential to be developed as drug by pharmaceutical industries for medicinal uses after clinical trials are to be made
Distribution and pH Relationship Studies in Some Mosses Growing in Polluted Sites
Get PDFBryophytes (non- vascular land plants) owing to their simple morphological, anatomical structures, worldwide in distribution, and forming an important component of forest ecosystem can be of immense importance in determining the prevailing edaphic conditions(hydrogen ion concentration) by their distribution patterns. Especially, mosses that are highly versatile due to their adaptability to different substrata can be used all the year round in the laboratory and in-situ to monitor the area in every season, suggesting their wider use as bio-indicators as compared to higher vascular plants which are comparatively difficult to handle
Solid dispersion a novel approach for enhancement of solubility and dissolution rate: a review
Get PDFThe oral route is the most preferred route for the administration of various drugs because it is the most convenient and safest route for drug delivery. The researcher develops a recently fast dissolving tablet (FDT). This improved patient compliance and convenience. FDTs are defining as the solid dosage form, which disintegrates in saliva without the need for water. Solid dispersions attract considerable interest by increasing the dissolution rate and also enhance the bioavailability of poor water-soluble drugs. Pre-gastric absorption avoids first-pass hepatic metabolism, which increases the bioavailability of the drug. One part of the review article focus on solid dispersion, there advantages, disadvantages, and method of preparation. Later part of the review article focus on the evaluation of fast dissolving tablet
Vital pulp therapy: A Bio ceramic - Based Approach
Get PDFThe vital pulp therapy (VPT) is a biologically-motivated treatment method that aims at preserving the vitality of the dentalpulp after trauma or carious exposure. The development of conventional pulp capping agents to sophisticated bioactivecompounds has enhanced prediction and effectiveness of this treatment tremendously. Among them, the bioceramicsmaterials have become the most effective one as they possess the best sealing ability, biocompatibility, antimicrobialproperty, and ability to induce the dentin bridge development. They have demonstrated encouraging clinical resultswhen used in the form of direct pulp capping, partial pulpectomy and total pulpectomy in both primary and permanentteeth. Moreover, nanoparticulate preparation and the introduction of bioactive molecules have increased the prospectof bioceramics to promote regenerative mechanisms and survival of pulp in the long term. Although the encouragingevidence exists, the standardization of clinical protocols and long-term trials are necessary to determine the ultimaterole of standardization in standard practice. The general finding is that bioceramic-based vital pulp therapy is a majoradvancement toward biologically focused, conservative, and long-lasting care of pulpal health
3D Imaging Integration in Endodontic Practice: Enhancing Accuracy in Working Length Determination and Canal Morphology Assessment
Get PDFThe integration of three-dimensional (3D) imaging, particularly Cone-Beam Computed Tomography (CBCT), has revolutionized diagnostic precision in modern endodontic practice. Accurate determination of working length and comprehensive assessment of canal morphology are critical for the long-term success of root canal therapy. Traditional two-dimensional (2D) radiographic methods often present limitations such as image distortion, anatomical superimposition, and inadequate visualization of complex root canal systems. The adoption of CBCT allows clinicians to obtain volumetric data, enabling precise localization of anatomical landmarks, detailed canal mapping, and accurate measurement of working lengths. This enhances clinical decision-making, reduces procedural errors, and improves treatment predictability. Despite its advantages, factors such as radiation exposure, cost, and the need for specialized training pose challenges to its widespread adoption. Continued research and technological refinement are expected to enhance image resolution and minimize radiation dose, ensuring broader clinical integration. Ultimately, 3D imaging serves as a pivotal innovation that bridges diagnostic accuracy with procedural excellence in endodontics
Concept of Sharir in Nasya karma
Get PDFNasya is one of the most important Panchakarma procedures done in Ayurveda. It is mostly done for the Urdhvajatrugata Vikara. The drug has effects on the Central Nervous System also. Hence it is important to elaborate on the concept of Sharir according to Ayurveda and Modern Medical Science to understand this drug delivery route. Nasya gives the drug mainly gets absorbed by capillaries in the nasal mucosa and also crosses the blood-brain barrier (BBB) as mostly the drug is prepared in the form of Sneha. This article will explain the Sharir concept related to the Nasya procedure