Indian Journal of Pharmaceutical and Biological Research (IJPBR)
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Decoding Glucose Biosensors: Clinical Significance, Technology, and Evolving Trends
Get PDFIt is well known that blood glucose monitoring is an efficient method to regulate diabetes. Given the recommendationto maintain normal blood glucose levels, several types suitable glucose biosensors have been established. During thepast half-century, there has been a notable advancement in glucose biosensor technology, encompassing point-of-careinstruments, continuous glucose monitoring systems, and noninvasive glucose monitoring systems. Still, there are anumber of obstacles standing in the way of achieving precise and trustworthy glucose monitoring. It must be done tomake more technical advancements in glucose biosensors, establish the analytical objectives for their performance, andcontinually evaluate and inform lay users. This paper analyzes the underlying concepts, analytical performance, context,and present situation of glucose biosensors in clinical use
Analytical Method Development and Validation of Selpercatinib in Pure and Pharmaceutical Dosage Form by RP-HPLC
Get PDFA robust and sensitive reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC) method was developed and validated for the estimation of Selpercatinib in pure and pharmaceutical formulations. The method uses a C18 column with a mobile phase of 0.2% trifluoroacetic acid (TFA) and acetonitrile (50:50 v/v) at pH 6.5, detected at 240 nm. Method validation as per ICH Q2 (R1) guidelines demonstrated specificity, linearity (2–10 μg/ml, r²=0.9995), accuracy (mean recovery 100.61%), precision (%RSD <2%), robustness, and system suitability. The assay of marketed formulations showed 99.68% content, confirming the method’s applicability for routine quality control
Antibiotic Resistance in Enterobacteriaceae: Mechanisms, Prevalence, and Public Health Impact: A Review
Get PDFAntibiotic resistance (AR) has emerged as a critical global health challenge, threatening the effectiveness of modern medicine, food security, and sustainable development. This review explores the underlying mechanisms, current trends, and regional distributions of antibiotic resistance, with a focus on Enterobacteriaceae—a major family of gram-negative bacteria responsible for a wide range of hospital- and community-acquired infections. The misuse and overuse of antibiotics in human and veterinary medicine, coupled with poor infection control practices and environmental dissemination, have accelerated the emergence of resistant strains such as extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL)-producing Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae, as well as carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae (CRE). Globally, resistance rates to third-generation cephalosporins, fluoroquinolones, and aminoglycosides are alarmingly high, with MDR strains increasingly reported in clinical settings. The situation in the Middle East is particularly concerning, where high resistance rates are documented across Iraq, Iran, Saudi Arabia, Egypt, Turkey, and conflict-affected regions like Syria and Yemen. Factors such as political instability, unregulated antibiotic access, and under-resourced healthcare systems contribute significantly to the problem. Additionally, environmental reservoirs and zoonotic transmission play an emerging role in the spread of resistance genes. Addressing antibiotic resistance requires coordinated international action, enhanced surveillance, antimicrobial stewardship, investment in novel therapeutics, and a one health approach that integrates human, animal, and environmental health. This review underscores the urgent need for comprehensive interventions to curb the rising tide of antibiotic resistance in Enterobacteriaceae and safeguard global health
Review: Integrative Effects of Berberine with Lifestyle and Nutraceutical Interventions on Metabolic Health
Get PDFBerberine, a bioactive isoquinoline alkaloid derived from several medicinal plants, has garnered significant attention for its pleiotropic effects on metabolic health, inflammation, and gut microbiota regulation. While numerous clinical and preclinical studies have demonstrated its efficacy in conditions such as type 2 diabetes, dyslipidemia, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, and obesity, the therapeutic impact of berberine may be further enhanced when combined with lifestyle or nutraceutical interventions. Emerging evidence suggests synergistic benefits of berberine with dietary modifications, exercise, probiotics, polyphenols, and omega-3 fatty acids, mediated through complementary mechanisms including AMPK activation, modulation of gut microbiota composition, reduction of systemic inflammation, and improved insulin sensitivity. These combined approaches hold promise not only for greater clinical efficacy but also for lowering required dosages and minimizing adverse effects. However, robust randomized controlled trials and mechanistic studies remain limited. This review will synthesize current findings on these synergistic strategies, highlight mechanistic pathways, and identify research gaps critical for translating berberine-based combinatorial therapies into evidence-based clinical practice
Single-Run method for Antibiotics in Honey through UPLC-MS/MS
Get PDFThe current study focused on the development of a single method for quantitative estimation of the compounds of honey and for the same it is essential to document the compounds present in the honey found in several regions of India. Tylosine tartarate, erythromycin adihydrate, 4-epichlor otetracycline, enrofloxacin, sulfaqui noxaline, sulfachl oropyridazine are a few among the compounds predominate in honey. Chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS) is being used to determine the compounds 3-amino-2-ozaxolidinone (AOZ, the marker residue for furazolidone), 3-amino-5- morpholino-methyl-1,3-oxa-zolidinone (AMOZ, the marker residue for furaltadone), 1-aminohydantoin (AHD, the marker residue for nitrofurantoin), and semicarbazide (SEM, the marker residue for nitrofurazone) present in the honey in one single analysis
In-Silico Exploration of the Antiviral Potential of Madhuca indica (Liquiritin) and Terminalia chebula (Ellagic Acid), and Inhibition of 2019-nCoV Fusion Mechanism to Prevent Viral Entry into Host Cells
No full text Amidst the looming threat of the COVID-19 pandemic, the global scientific community has fervently pursued understanding SARS-CoV-2 and its pathophysiology to uncover potential therapeutic avenues. In this investigational study, in-silico methods were employed to screen potential therapeutic interventions against SARS-CoV-2. The study involves screening the interaction of the 2019-nCoV spike protein with Phytoderivatives Liquiritin and Ellagic acid, along with the known inhibitor V607, using the AutoDock Vina suite. The binding energies obtained from the docking are -13.4 kcal/mol for Liquiritin, -9.1 kcal/mol for Ellagic acid, and -8.1 kcal/mol for VE607. The results suggest a higher affinity of the Phytoderivatives, particularly Ellagic acid and Liquiritin, and VE607 against the spike protein. Both Phytoderivatives (Liquiritin and Ellagic acid) bind to the HR-1 (fusion peptide) domain of the spike protein. Other parametric results indicate good absorption activity for the studied molecules. The studied molecules do not violate the Lipinski score of drug-likeness. The study suggests that Liquiritin and Ellagic acid, along with VE607, may have pharmacological and therapeutic potential in inhibiting or blocking the fusion mechanism of the virus particle during entry into host cells. The inhibition of the fusion mechanism may contribute to preventing or treating COVID-19.It's important to note that in-silico studies provide valuable insights, but experimental validation is crucial to confirm the effectiveness of potential drug candidates
Simultaneous Estimation of Aspirin and Vonoprazan in Active Pharmaceutical Ingredient and pharmaceutical formulation by RP-HPLC
Get PDFA reliable, precise, and sensitive reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC) method was developed and validated for the simultaneous estimation of Aspirin and Vonoprazan in bulk drug and pharmaceutical formulations. Chromatographic separation was achieved using a Phenomenex C18 column with a mobile phase consisting of 0.02 M potassium dihydrogen phosphate (KH₂PO₄), acetonitrile, and water in a 40:40:20 (v/v/v) ratios, adjusted to pH 4.0 with orthophosphoric acid. The method showed good linearity over concentration ranges of 10–50 μg/mL for Aspirin and 2–10 μg/mL for Vonoprazan with correlation coefficients greater than 0.999. Validation in accordance with ICH Q2 (R1) guidelines confirmed high specificity, accuracy, precision with %RSD < 2, robustness, and suitable limits of detection and quantification. The method was successfully applied to marketed combined dosage forms, proving its applicability for routine quality control
A comparative study of the effects of obesity on menarche in rural and urban school girls in Paschim Medinipur, West Bengal
Get PDFBackground: Menarche is called the first menstrual bleeding. In this period, an adolescent girl signifies the transition from girlhood to womanhood, and various physiological, social, and mental changes occur in this age group. This study was conducted to find out the effect of menarche on obesity among the rural and urban secondary schoolgirls in Paschim Medinipur district, West Bengal.Methods: This study was conducted on 160 secondary school girls whose having an age range of 10 to 14 years in rural and urban areas, from Paschim Medinipur, West Bengal. A questionnaire and anthropometric measurements are used for data collection.Results: Girls with high class BMI, waist circumference, waist-height ratio, hip circumference, hip-height ratio, body fat percentage, and MUAC are more likely to attain early menarche. It is important to control the occurrence of obesity, particularly central obesity, by monitoring the change in waist circumference, hip circumference, body fat percentage, BMI, and MUAC. There was a significant correlation of body growth with the age at menarche, indicating early onset of menarche in obese girls as compared to lean ones.Discussion: The findings of this study provide a reference for the age at menarche to determine trends and also emphasise the need for the development of strategies to reduce and prevent excessive weight gain in our paediatric population, with special attention being paid to the eating and living style habits of our children
ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE IN PATIENT CARE FUTURE PROSPECTIVES
No full textIn recent years, Artificial intelligence (AI) technologies have greatly advanced and become a reality in human life. AI is one of the tools to analyze various diseases in the healthcare field, numerous efforts are being implemented for practical medical treatments. The technologies such as machine learning and deep learning profoundly optimize the existing mode of drug research and also AI-enabled tools to assist and ideally improve the patient experience including diagnosis, treatment, and outcomes. In this review, we summarize the future aspects, latest development, and its limitations of AI in disease management of cardiovascular disease, cancer, diabetes, respiratory disease and neurological disorders.  
AI-Assisted Risk Stratification of Peri-Implantitis Using Longitudinal Bone Texture Analysis
Get PDFPeri-implantitis is a progressive inflammatory condition that compromises dental implant stability and can lead to implant failure if undetected. Early identification of individuals at high risk remains a clinical challenge due to subtle bone changes and variability in patient-specific factors. This study proposes an AI-assisted risk stratification framework leveraging longitudinal bone texture analysis from radiographic imaging to predict peri-implantitis onset. Advanced machine learning and deep learning models were employed to extract temporal features from trabecular bone patterns, enabling the detection of early microstructural alterations preceding clinical symptoms. The proposed approach demonstrated improved predictive accuracy compared to conventional assessment methods, providing interpretable insights into bone remodeling dynamics and facilitating personalized intervention strategies. These findings underscore the potential of integrating AI and longitudinal imaging for proactive peri-implant disease management, paving the way for more precision dentistry solutions