Indian Journal of Pharmaceutical and Biological Research (IJPBR)
Not a member yet
365 research outputs found
Sort by
Characterization of Bioactive compound isolated from Myrothecium spp. with UV, FTIR and HPLC Analysis
Get PDFDevelopment of new drugs, especially in area of infectious diseases, represents today one of the most
important research. Fungal isolates are receiving increasing attention by natural product chemists due to
their diverse and structurally unprecedented compounds making them interesting candidates for drug
discovery. In fact, need for novel, safe and more efficient antibiotics is a key challenge to the
pharmaceutical industry today, moreover, increase in opportunistic infections in the immune
compromised host has influenced this demand. Nowadays, evaluating morphological and biochemical
differences as well as studying fungal genetic diversity via molecular indicators seem to be the most
common method for screening this genus. In this research we evaluate the potential of bioactive
compound, production and characterize the UV and FTIR spectroscopy and HPLC (High performance
liquid chromatography) analysis pattern of isolated Myrothecium spp. MRP001. Process development
for high level production of bioactive compound was applied using OFAT method. Then, following the
extraction of secondary metabolite, the UV and FTIR spectroscopy analysis was carried out for
characterization of the various extracts. Considering the coordinate analysis of UV and FTIR
spectroscopy pattern, the isolate MRP001 with substantial antimicrobial activity exhibited absorption at
3411 cm-1 which is indicator of hydroxyl groups, absorption at 2856 and 2915 cm-1 indicating
hydrocarbon chassis, and absorption at 1649 cm-1 indicating a double bond of polygenic compound.
These results highlight the importance of Myrothecium isolates in antibiotic production. HPLC
confirmed the production when compared with standard
Fast dissolving tablets: a novel approach
Get PDFAn oral route of drug administration is the most popular route of administration. It have wide
acceptance up to 50-60% of total dosage forms. Tablet is the most popular dosage forms
existing today because of its convenience of self administration, compactness and easy
manufacturing; however hand tremors, dysphasia in case of geriatric patients, the
underdeveloped muscular and nervous systems in young individuals and case of
uncooperative patients, the problem of swallowing is common phenomenon which leads to
poor patient compliance. Mouth dissolving tablets (FDT) or fast dissolving tablets; (FDT) has
emerged as alternative oral dosage forms. These are novel types of tablets that
disintegrate/dissolve/disperse in saliva within few seconds. Fast dissolving tablets (FDTs)
have received ever-increasing demand during the last decade, and the field has become a
rapidly growing area in the pharmaceutical industry. This article reviews the Need,
advantages, challenges, limitations, mechanism of superdisintegrants, various formulation
technologies (conventional and patented), marketed product of Fast dissolving tablets
Pharmacognostical and Pharmacochemical Parameters of Tablet Sutashekhara Rasa – Without Gold
Get PDFTablet Sutashekhara Rasa (TSR) is an Ayurvedic, herbo-metal formulation prescribed widely for several conditions such as Acid peptic disorders, Pain in abdomen, Haemorrhage, Mental disorders etc. On analysis of pharmcodynamics of this compound it is basically Pitta corrective drug. Ardhavabhedaka (Migraine) is also one of the clinical morbidity which is manifested by vitiated Pitta/Rakta along with Vata. The available treatment in modern medicine is use of NSAIDs, Beta-blockers etc. with only temporary relief. TSR being a Pitta corrective is used in a clinical study with new indication in Ardhavabhedaka (Migraine). Till date there is no data available regarding evaluation ofTSR. Present study an attempt to develop newer approaches for the quality control and standardization of TSR. The samples were subjected to organoleptic, physicochemical analysis and Chromatographic (HPTLC) examination by optimizing the solvent systems. The phrmacognostical study of ingredients of TSR shows the presence of Sceleriform vessel, Lignified stone cells, Bottle necked shapedstone cells etc. Pharmaceutical analysis showed that the Average weight of tablet 276mg, Average hardness of tablet 2.05 Kg/cm2 , Loss on drying 4.7904% w/w, pH value 7 and High Performance Thin Layer Chromatography at 254nm and 366nm resulted into 6 spots
In-vitro Antiurolithic activity of Kigelia africana fruit extracts
Get PDFObjectives: The plant Kigelia africana (Lam.) Benth. Family: Bignoniaceae is used in traditional medical practices of Africa and India to treat various diseases including renal disorders. The present study is designed to evaluate the effect of K. africana fruit extract (KAFE) for in-vitro anti-urolithic activity on generated calcium-oxalate crystals. Method: The aqueous and alcoholic (ethanolic) extracts of fruits were tested for anti-urolithiatic potential on generated calcium-oxalate crystals by homogenous precipitation method and simultaneously a supporting two step vice-versa reactions were assessed (New method). The activity was assessed by studying the crystal dissolution by microscopy and quantitative alimental ions analysis for calcium and oxalates. Result: They exhibited significant activity when compared to standard drug Cystone- a poly herbal formulation. The aqueous and alcoholic extracts significantly decreased (p 0.001) crystal size and increased calcium and oxalate concentration in reaction setup of all tested groups as compared to normal control. Simultaneously a supporting two step vice-versa reaction was assessed that have shown significant inhibition of crystal formation. Conclusion: All the interpretations of various result outcomes direct the use of this drug for urolithiasis prophylaxis and treatments
Novel study in fast dissolving drug delivery system: a review
Get PDFNovel drug delivery systems are becoming increasingly sophisticated as pharmaceutical scientists acquire a better understanding of the physicochemical and bio-chemical parameters pertinent to their performance. Despite tremendous advancements in drug delivery, the oral route remains the perfect route for the administration. Novel drug delivery system assists to achieve better patient compliance. Fast dissolving tablets are one of them.FDT have benefits such as accurate dosing, easy portability and manufacturing, good physical and chemical stability and an ideal alternative for pediatric and geriatric patients. FDDT formulation combines the advantage of both liquid and conventional tablet formulation while also offering advantage over both traditional dosage forms. Some tablets are designed to dissolve in saliva remarkably fast, within a few seconds, and are true fast- dissolving tablets. Others contain agents to enhance the rate of tablet disintegration in the oral cavity, and are more appropriately termed fast-disintegrating tablets, as they may take up to a minute to completely disintegrate
Investigation of antiparkinsonian effect of Aloe vera on haloperidol induced experimental animal model
Get PDFBackground: Aloe vera (Family: Liliaceae) has been used for the treatment of diabetes, skin disorders and as an anti-inflammatory agent. There is increased concern about the side effects of conventional medicine in the treatment of Parkinson’s disease (PD). As A.vera has found to have antioxidative property, it may be a safer alternative. Methods: Parkinson’s disease was induced by administering haloperidol (1 mg/kg i.p. daily x 1 week).The mice of either sex were divided into 06 groups (n =12). 1 st day group mice were given distilled water (orally), 2nd group were administered haloperidol (20 mg/kg i.p.).The 3rd, 4th and 5th groups were administered A.vera (100, 200, and 400 mg/kg/day, orally) respectively, along with haloperidol. Group 6- received Levodopa (30mg/kg, i.p,) along with haloperidol. To evaluate anti-Parkinson effect, hanging wire test, tardive dyskinesia test and hole board test were performed on the1st day and 8th day. One way ANOVA was used to detect statistical significance followed by post-hoc Tukey test. Results: A.vera (200 and 400 mg/kg, p.o.) was found to increase the hanging time significantly (p 0.001) in hanging wire test and significantly decreased (p 0.001) the Vacuous Chewing Movements (VCMS) in tardive dyskinesia test as compared to haloperidol group. A.vera (200 and 400 mg/kg, p.o.) was found to significantly increase (p 0.001) the number of dips and no. of line crossings in hole board test when compared to haloperidol group. Conclusion: The results of the present study conclusively showed that A.vera has beneficial effect in haloperidol induced experimental model of Parkinson’s disease
Primary and Novel Approaches in Colon Targeted Drug Delivery System: A Review
No full textTargeted drug delivery into the colon is highly desirable for local treatment of a variety of bowel diseases such as ulcerative colitis, Crohn’s disease, amoeabiasis , colonic cancer, local treatment of colonic pathologies, and systemic delivery of protein and peptide drugs. Colonic delivery refers to targeted delivery of drugs into the lower GI tract, which occurs primarily in the large intestine (i.e. colon). The colon specific drug delivery system (CDDS) should be capable of protecting the drug en route to the colon i.e. drug release and absorption should not occur in the stomach as well as the small intestine, and neither the bioactive agent should be degraded in either of the dissolution sites but only released and absorbed once the system reaches the colon. Different approaches are designed based on prodrug formulation, pHsensitivity, time-dependency (lag time), microbial degradation and osmotic pressure etc to formulate the different dosage forms like tablets, capsules, multiparticulates, microspheres, liposomes for colon targeting. The efficiency of drug delivery system is evaluated using different in vitro and in vivo release studies. This review article discusses, in brief, introduction to targeted drug delivery system, anatomy and physiology of the colon and approaches utilized in the colon targeted drug delivery system
Antibacterial and antifungal evaluation of some chalcogen bearing ligands, their transition and nontransition metal complexes
Get PDFEight chalcogen bearing compounds, 3-(4-fluorophenyl telluro) propylamine (1), 3-(phenyl telluro)propylammonium acetate salt (2), 3-(phenyl telluro)propylacetamide (3) and α-(phenylseleno) acetic acid (4) (1-4 are ligands), [Ph2Sn(Cl).1](NO3 ) (5), [Ph3Sn.1](BPh4 ) (6), [ZnCl2 .2] (7) and [CdCl2.2] (8) (5-8 are complexes of 1 and 2) were synthesised and screened for antibacterial activity against Gram-positive bacterial strains of Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus anthracis and the Gramnegative bacteria Escherchia coli. They were also tested for their antifungal activity against Candida tropicalis, Trichophyton rubrum and Asperegillus niger, by using the disk diffusion technique. Inhibition zones demonstrated that compounds 1–3 showed significant activity, due to the presence of N in the form of amine group however Compound 4 bearing an acidic group, shows higher activity against bacterial strains. Compounds 5–8 (having Sn, Zn and Cd in their framework) showed still higher activities, due to increase in the lipophilicity and easier penetration of the compounds into the outer cell wall of the microorganisms, which causes death due to cell membrane rupturing. Compounds 1–8 were most effective against E. coli (bacterial strains), as the cell wall of Gram-negative strains have thin outer lipid membrane, which is made up of lipopolysaccharides. These compounds showed slightly reduced antifungal activity, because the cell wall of fungi is made up of chitin, which is difficult to cross. It could be concluded, from the obtained results that the biological activity of compounds is essentially determined by the number and nature of the organic groups and central metal ion. The presence of NH2, COOH group as well as metal ion like Sn, Zn, Cd in the compounds leads to higher activity
Quantitative reckoning of embelin from fruits of Embelia tsjeriam- cottam using water bath process as an alternate method of extraction
Get PDFThe world is culturally endowed with various forms of healing practices having rich medical wisdom of immense importance. One of such pharmacognostically indispensable medicinal plant is Embelia tsjeriam-cottam A. DC. The active principle of E. tsjeriam-cottam is embelin, possessing a range of pharmacognostic activities including anti-cancer, antioxidant, antiinflammation, antibacterial and analgesic effects. Embelin in fruits of E tsjeriam-cottam was extracted using water bath method. For extraction of embelin from fruits of E. tsjeriamcottam, methanol and chloroform were used as solvents. Fruits were collected from five different agro-climatic zones of Odisha. Comparative estimation of embelin was done through spectrophotometer and High Performance Liquid Chromatographic (HPLC) methods. Samples extracted with chloroform and methanol showed embelin content in a range of 2.13- 0.29% dry wt., and 0.95-0.28% dry wt. respectively using spectrophotometer. In case of HPLC analysis, samples extracted in chloroform and methanol showed embelin content in a range of 1.86-0.27% dry wt., and 0.875-0.26% dry wt. respectively. However the water bath method, used as alternative method for extraction, proved to be less time consuming, costeffective in extracting a pretty good amount of embelin as compared to the conventional (soxhlet) methods of extraction
Simultaneous Spectrophotometric Estimation of Telmisartan and Amlodipine Besylate in Tablet Dosage Form
Get PDFA simple, accurate and reproducible spectrophotometric methods have been developed for the simultaneous estimation of Telmisartan (TEL) and Amlodipine Besylate (AML) in combined tablet dosage forms. The method involves determination using the simultaneous equation method, the sampling wavelengths selected are ‘TLM’ = 297nm.and ‘AML’ =238nm., over the concentration ranges of 8-48μg/ml for ‘TEL’ and 1-6 μg/ml for ‘AML’ respectively. The method was validated for linearity, accuracy, precision, robustness and application for assay as per ICH guidelines. The proposed method is simple, economical, accurate and precise, and could be successfully employed in routine quality control for the simultaneous analysis of Telmisartan (TEL) and Amlodipine Besylate (AML)