Indian Journal of Pharmaceutical and Biological Research (IJPBR)
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Evaluation of antibacterial activity of macrocyclic metal complexes derived from dihydrazone and diketone
Get PDFSynthesis of macrocyclic metal complexes of Cr(III) and Fe(III) by the condensation of benzil dihydrazone with 1H-indole-2, 3-dione.The metal complexes were characterized by elemental analysis, molar conductance, magnetic susceptibility, thermal analysis, ESR, infrared, 1H NMR and UV-visible spectroscopy. On the bases of these studies, a fivecoordinate square pyramidal geometry is proposed for all the metal complexes. In vitro antibacterial activity of macrocyclic metal complexes exhibited good results
Isolation, Identification and quantitative analysis of Ellagic acid: a tannin compound from Helicteres isora
Get PDFPlant derived secondary metabolites have widely attracted humans with great interest due to their immense medicinal and pharmacological properties. Ellagic acid, a natural phenolic compound found in many fruits exhibits both antimutagenic and anticarcinogenic activity. Qualitative analysis of the plant samples of Helicteres isora showed the presence of ellagic acid in in vivo (stem bark) and in vitro (callus) samples. Presence of isolated ellagic acid was confirmed by superimposable IR spectra of isolated and authentic samples of ellagic acid. The ellagic acid was further identified and confirmed by using different techniques such as TLC (Rf 0.41), and HPLC (Rt =5.546 min) studies
Biological Properties and Uses of Honey: A Concise Scientific review
Get PDFThe global prevalence of chronic diseases such as diabetes mellitus, hypertension, atherosclerosis, cancer and Alzheimer's disease is on the rise. These diseases constitute the major causes of death globally. Honey is a natural substance with many medicinal properties such as antibacterial, hepatoprotective, hypoglycemic, reproductive, and antihypertensive and antioxidant. This review presents findings that indicate honey may ameliorate oxidative stress in the gastrointestinal tract (GIT), liver, pancreas, kidney, reproductive organs and plasma/serum. Besides, the review highlights data that demonstrate the synergistic antioxidant effect of honey and antidiabetic drugs in the pancreas, kidney, and serum of diabetic rats. These data suggest that honey, administered alone or in combination with conventional therapy, might be a novel antioxidant in the management of chronic diseases commonly associated with oxidative stress. In view of the fact that the majority of these data emanate from animal studies, there is an urgent need to investigate this antioxidant effect of honey in human subjects with chronic or degenerative diseases
Synthesis, characterization and pharmacological evaluation of substituted 4-aryl thiazole-2-amino acetanilides
Get PDFA series of novel 4-aryl thiazole-2-amino acetanilides (B1-B6) was designed and synthesized via the preparation of 2-amino 4-aryl thiazole (1) by acetophenone and thiourea which on subsequent condensation with α-chloroacetanilides offered title compounds. The newly synthesized compounds were characterized by elemental analysis, IR and 1HNMR and Mass spectral data. The synthesized compounds were tested for their in-vitro antimicrobial activity against the four bacterial strains i.e., Bacillus subtilis, Streptococcus pneumonia, Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus and two fungal strains i.e Aspergilus. Niger and Candida albicans using disk diffusion method. The synthesized derivatives demonstrated moderate to excellent growth inhibition of microbes. The compounds were also tested for their antiinflammatory and analgesic potential using carageenan induced hind paw oedema and acetic acid induced writhing methods respectively. A promising activity was observed in some of the title compounds when compared to standard drug diclofenac sodium
A rare case of familial hyperekplexia
Get PDFFamilial hyperekplexiaia a rare autosomal dominant or sporadic disorder characterized by abnormal startle reaction elicited by auditory or somatosensory stimuli. Here we report a 3 months old female child presented with complaints of exaggerated startle response followed by shrill cry to tactile stimuli over the face noticed by mother since birth. There was also a positive family history in her father and father’s brother. Neurological examination was normal except for hyperreflexia. Child was evaluated further and investigations like EEG and imaging were done. IEM workup was also done. Investigations were all normal. Hence from the classic diagnostic sign and positive family history, diagnosed as a case of familial hyperekplexia and the child improved after being started on clonazepam
Effects of shilajit on the bone tissue of alcohol administered rats
Get PDFPurpose: The purpose of the current study was to examine the effect of Shilajit; a herbomineral, supplementation on the mechanical strength of alcohol treated rat bone. Methods: Experimental animals each were assigned to six groups: group A(control): control rats were given water orally for a period of ten weeks; group B (treated): Animals were given processed shilajit (PS; 100mg/kg/day); group C (treated): Animals were given processed shilajit (PS; 200mg/kg/day); group D: animals were given 30% alcohol; group E: animals were given 30% alcohol and shilajit (100mg/kg/day) orally; group F: animals were given 30% alcohol and shilajit (200mg/kg/day) orally for ten weeks. Bone tissue mechanical strength along with bone weight, liver antioxidative enzymes and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) were assessed for all the treatment groups. Results: Mechanical strength of the bone tissue (both femur as well as tibia) was found to be significantly enhanced upon shilajit supplementation to alcohol treated group. Also, the activities of anti oxidant enzymes and alkaline phosphatase in the liver of alcohol administered groups were restored upon shilajit administration. Conclusion: These findings suggest that shilajit is very efficacious and competent in the maintenance of bone health
Isolation Endophytic Bacteria of Mangosteen (Garcinia mangostana L.) Skin Fruit as of Escherichia coli Antibacterial
Get PDFInfectious diseases are caused by bacteria and fungi in developing countries are still high. One of the microorganisms that cause infections are Escherichia coli. E. coli can lead to infection of the digestive tract. Improper use of antibiotics can lead to resistance. This can be minimized by making use of traditional medicine. One of the traditional medicine that the mangosteen fruit. Secondary metabolites can be isolated by utilizing endophytic bacteria. Endophytic bacteria are bacteria that live inside plant tissues and capable of producing the active compounds which are antibiotics, antimalarial and antifungal. The methodology carried out: preparation of materials and determination, isolation of endophytic bacteria, screening endophytic bacteria producing antibacterial, morphological and biochemical identification, endophytic bacteria fermentation, the manufacture of standard curve, the compound fermented inspection (inspection: phenols, saponins, flavonoids, alkaloids and terpenoids/steroid), test the antimicrobial activity microdilution method. The result of morphological and biochemical tests showed that bacteria EKM 1 and EKM 2 is a Gram negative, motile, facultative anaerobic, produces gelatinase and protease enzymes. Antibacterial activity test microdilution method showed the presence of bacterial growth inhibition test. The endophytic bacteria isolated from mangosteen rind suspected Enterobacter. Antibacterial test results using microdilution method produces the MIC value 1024 ppm against E. coli bacteria
Dehydration for Better Quality Value Added Product of Bitter Gourd (Momordica charantia L.)
Get PDFAn experiment was carried out to evaluate the dehydration and rehydration characteristics of bitter gourd (Momordica charantia L.) fruits. The slices of bitter gourd were blanched in boiling water and steam for 1, 2 and 3 minutes respectively. The slices were then dried at 65°C, 60°C and 55°C in a cabinet dryer up to constant moisture content.After final dehydration, rehydration for 10minutes, 20minutes, 30minutes, 50minutes, 70minutes and 90 minutes were undertaken respectively. There were seven treatments, replicated thrice and experiment was laid out in completely randomized design. The moisture content declined rapidly in bitter gourd rings dried at 65°C.The rehydration ratio recorded was 6.42, coefficient of rehydration was 13.91 and percent water in rehydrated sample was 88.14% respectively in water blanched samples. Hence, it is concluded that, among the three drying temperatures and two blanching methods, better dehydration and rehydration characters were reported in samples dried at 60°C and blanched in water for 2 minutes
Sex Variation of Motion Stereotypic Response among Adult Bengalee Population for the Operation of Some Simple Control-Display Units
Get PDFPopulation stereotype point out to a long-term habit and well embedded knowledge of a particular population. This study was carried out to evaluate the variation in index of reversibility, response preference and response initiation time among male and female subjects for some simple analog control-display units. A total of 999 subjects were responded, among them 591 were male and 408 were female (having the age range of 15-60 years). To conduct the study five types of analog displays viz., rotary control knob with horizontal display, rotary control knob with vertical display, and rotary control knob with circular display, horizontally aligned rocker switches and vertically aligned rocker switches for electric lights were fabricated. The subjects were asked to move the control to get the desired display and the response preference and response initiation time were noted as the results. The results showed that the best control-display unit was the rotary control-vertical display combination on the basis of index of reversibility for both sexes. Statistical analysis of the data showed that preferred response percentage or were significantly (P less than 0.05 or less) different for both sexes in case of all the rotary control analog display operations but for rocker switch-electric light unit operation it was found that both group showed similar stereotypic strength and direction. Response initiation time also found to be significantly (P less than 0.001) different, it was also found that higher preferred response percentage showed shorter response initiation time. It may be concluded that gender has a profound impact on motion stereotypic responses
Study of Cardiac markers in Acute Myocardial Infarction Patients
Get PDFIntroduction: Acute Myocardial infarction (AMI) or Myocardial infarction (MI) (ie, heart attack) is the irreversible death (necrosis) of heart muscle due to prolonged lack of oxygen supply (ischemia). Biochemically the study of Cardiac markers like myoglobin, troponin, Creatine –phosphokinase (CPK), Serum glutamate oxaloacetate transaminase (SGOT), Lactate dehydrogenase ( LDH) can used in the assessment of Myocardial infarction. Materials and methods: Total 70 patients (50 MI patient and 20 control (not diagnosed as MI) were enrolled for the study and the biochemical investigations like Total CPK,CPK-MB, Troponin-T and I, LDH and SGOT were conducted for the study. Result and discussion: Each of the following biochemical parameters examined were significantly increases in case of AMI/MI patients (case) when compared with control. Troponin -T shows significant difference than other cardiac markers (p value for Troponin-T is less tahn.001). Conclusion: Appropriate study of cardiac markers like CPK, LDH, SGOT, Troponin is significant for the study and evaluation of myocardial infarction. Troponin –T is most appropriate and significant than other cardiac markers mention in the study