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Tilsetningsstoffer i fôr til laks og regnbueørret - Sluttrapport FoU tillatelser SF HØ 25 og H B 46
Get PDFNofima har vært faglig ansvarlig for FoU tillatelsene SF HØ 25 og H B 46 til Aller Aqua. Målet til FoU tillatelsene har vært å teste tilsetningsstoffer i fôr for å styrke vekst og helse i laks og regnbueørret, og for å redusere påslag av lakselus. Mineralingrediensen Biofeed Forte og to planteekstrakter er testet. Forsøk på regnbueørret tildelt Biofeed Forte viste lavere lusetall, og gav grunnlag for å teste dette på laks også. I perioden 2017-2018 ble det gjennomført forsøk med laks der en sammenlignet Salmon Group fôr med Aller Aqua fôr tilsatt Biofeed Forte, samt forsøk i 2019 der en sammenlignet Aller Aqua fôr med og uten Biofeed Forte. Det ble ikke observert lavere lusetall hos fisk tildelt fôr fra Aller Aqua. Det kan skyldes at fôrbehandlingstiden ikke var tilstrekkelig. I tillegg, ulik fiskestørrelse i diettgruppene gjorde sammenligning mellom gruppene krevende. Videre har Aller Aqua testet to ulike planteekstrakter i fôr til laks, derav en fermentert ingrediens testet både i laks og regnbueørret. Forsøk på regnbueørret i 2021-2022 ble gjennomført i merder med laser og rensefisk som holdt lusetallene nede store deler av produksjonen, og ingen forskjeller i lusetall ble observert mellom diettgruppene. Forsøk med de to planteekstraktene i fôr til laks viste ingen effekter på lusetall. Forsøkene viser at ved lave lusetall pga. andre lusebehandlingstiltak som rensefisk, laser, avlusning skaper variasjon i data som gjør det krevende å isolere effekt av tilsetningsstoff i fôr mot lusepåslag på laks og ørret. En løsning for fremtidige forsøk kan være multifaktorielt design for å ta hensyn til alle lusebehandlingstiltak i et kontrollert og komplekst design. Alternativt tillatelse til å overskride lusegrense i periode for å teste fôr. Begge disse var utenfor mulighetsrommet i denne FoU-tillatelsen.Tilsetningsstoffer i fôr til laks og regnbueørret - Sluttrapport FoU tillatelser SF HØ 25 og H B 46publishedVersio
Sustainable food packaging: An updated definition following a holistic approach
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Is capture-based aquaculture viable? The case of Atlantic cod in Norway
Get PDFCapture-based aquaculture (CBA) is an important branch of the aquaculture industry that differs from closed cycle farming in that the stocking material consists of captured wild fish or other aquatic organisms. By skipping the difficult early production stages of fish farming, producers can test whether assumed market advantages such as high quality and consistent supply result in higher prices – and whether these are high enough to incentivize further development of CBA and eventually close the production cycle. CBA-initiatives can also be supported by different policy measures to stimulate the activity. Since these measures involve costs, it is important to know at what level and for how long these measures should be implemented to promote economically sustainable CBA activities. We study CBA of Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua) in Norway and find an average price premium of 26% compared to wild harvested cod, but with large interannual variation. However, declining quantities of cod from CBA following reductions in a quota bonus scheme to stimulate activity, indicates that the price premium is not sufficiently large to incentivize further development of the CBA branch of the Norwegian cod industry.Is capture-based aquaculture viable? The case of Atlantic cod in NorwaypublishedVersio
Mucosal and systemic physiological changes underscore the welfare risks of environmental hydrogen sulphide in post-smolt Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar)
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The role of biospectroscopy and chemometrics as enabling technologies for upcycling of raw materials from the food industry
Get PDFIt is important to utilize the entire animal in meat and fish production to ensure sustainability. Rest raw materials, such as bones, heads, trimmings, and skin, contain essential nutrients that can be transformed into high-value products. Enzymatic protein hydrolysis (EPH) is a bioprocess that can upcycle these materials to create valuable proteins and fats. This paper focuses on the role of spectroscopy and chemometrics in characterizing the quality of the resulting protein product and understanding how raw material quality and processing affect it. The article presents recent developments in chemical characterisation and process modelling, with a focus on rest raw materials from poultry and salmon production. Even if some of the technology is relatively mature and implemented in many laboratories and industries, there are still open challenges and research questions. The main challenges are related to the transition of technology and insights from laboratory to industrial scale, and the link between peptide composition and critical product quality attributes.publishedVersio
Utbyttetall og næringsstoffinnhold i hvitfiskmel og olje basert på restråstoff fra torsk, hyse og sei
Get PDFRapporten gir en oversikt over innhold av næringsstoffer og uønskede forbindelser i hvitfiskmel fremstilt av restråstoff etter opparbeidelse av torsk, hyse og sei til hodekappet og sløyd fisk (HG) og skinn og beinfri filet. Nivåene er rapportert på basis av fettfritt tørrstoff i presskake og limvann eller på lipidbasis for å kunne sammenligne på tvers av råstoffslag og sesong uten å ta hensyn til variasjon i fett og tørrstoff. Basert på labskalaforsøk er det beregnet massebalanser og fordeling av protein, aske og fett mellom presskake og væskefase i en fiskemelprosess. Dette muliggjør beregning av effekt på utbytte og nivå i mel avhengig av om limvannet inkluderes eller ikke. Nivåene kan konverteres til et typisk hvitfiskmel med 5 % vann og 9 % fett ved å multiplisere med en faktor på 0,86. Kartleggingen inkluderer følgende næringsstoffer: protein og aminosyrer, totale lipider og fettsyrer, aske, vitaminer (A, B, D, E), mineraler (Na, K, Ca, Mg, P, Cu, Fe, I, Mn, Se, Zn), tungmetaller (As, Cd, Hg, Pb) og organiske miljøgifter (PCDD/F, DL-PCB og NDL-PCB). I rapporten påvises effekt av råstofftype, sesong (høst vs. vår), prosess (HG vs. filetproduksjon) og tilsetting av limvann på utbytte og sammensetning av hvitfiskmel.Utbyttetall og næringsstoffinnhold i hvitfiskmel og olje basert på restråstoff fra torsk, hyse og seipublishedVersio
Towards the EU Food Safety Forum: shaping together the new collaborative platform" FoodSafety4EU PRE-FORUM 2022 "The new sustainability regulation: how to integrate it into food safety?
Get PDFSafe, authentic and nutritious food is key to sustaining life and promoting good health, yet the current EU food safety system falters when a need arises to quickly adapt to a continuously evolving food chain. The EU-funded FoodSafety4EU (FS4EU) project kicked off in January 2021 as a step forward towards a more engaged and co-operative Food Safety System (FSS) in Europe. The project aims to design, develop and release a multi-stakeholder platform, along with new digital tools to help citizens, scientists, companies, European Commission (EC), European Food Safety Authority (EFSA), and national Food Safety Authorities co-design Europe’s future food safety system. With the overall ambition of becoming a Competence Centre for Food Safety in Europe supporting the transformation towards a safe and sustainable food system, the FS4EU platform is shaped to: Reduce the current fragmentation of the EU FSS, facilitating higher value interactions between its actors in the multi-levelled system. Support EC and EFSA to address the main food safety challenges and formulate appropriate recommendations. Make available selected knowledge and data (by delivering digital solutions) enhancing the public confidence.Towards the EU Food Safety Forum: shaping together the new collaborative platform" FoodSafety4EU PRE-FORUM 2022 "The new sustainability regulation: how to integrate it into food safety?publishedVersio
Environmental risk assessment of genetically modified sterile VIRGIN® Atlantic salmon for use in research trials in aquaculture sea-cages
Get PDFOne of the substantial environmental challenges posed by the aquaculture industry is the escape of farmed Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar), which can mate with wild Atlantic salmon and alter the genetic composition of the wild populations. One potential solution to mitigate this issue is the cultivation of sterile salmon in aquaculture. Atlantic salmon can be made sterile by pressure or temperature treatment of newly fertilized eggs to produce triploids, which are functionally sterile due to their unpaired chromosomes. However, these triploids often perform poorly on commercial fish farms and the production of triploid salmon in Norway is put on hold due to welfare issues of the fish. In this application, the Institute of Marine Research (IMR), Bergen, seeks to rear genetically modified sterile Atlantic salmon (VIRGIN® salmon) in a marine aquaculture environment from the post-smolt stage until harvest. The research trials are to take place in small, open sea cages (net pens) at the IMR Matre Aquaculture Research Station from autumn 2023 until February 2025. The Norwegian Environment Agency has asked VKM to assess the environmental risks associated with this field trial according to the Gene Technology Act and using risk assessment guidance from the European Food Safety Authority, EFSA.Environmental risk assessment of genetically modified sterile VIRGIN® Atlantic salmon for use in research trials in aquaculture sea-cagespublishedVersionpublishedVersionpublishedVersio
Combining High-Pressure Processing and Supercritical Carbon Dioxide for Inactivation of Listeria innocua
Get PDFThe effect of high-pressure treatment with supercritical CO2 on the inactivation of Listeria innocua in a fish soup was investigated. The soup was inoculated with L. innocua, packaged in modified atmosphere with 50:50 or 95:5 CO2:N2, high-pressure processed (300, 350, 400 and 600 MPa, 2 min) under subcritical (T 304 K) and stored at 4 °C for up to 53 days. Treatment at 400 and 600 MPa had a significant (p < 0.05) effect on L. innocua under both supercritical and subcritical conditions. In contrast, pressurization at 350 MPa and supercritical conditions were needed to significantly (p < 0.05) inactive L. innocua. Increased levels of CO2 in the headspace significantly (p < 0.05) reduced the bacterial load during processing, and supercritical conditions had a significant (p < 0.01) interaction with both CO2 levels and pressure. Increased storage time gave significantly increased levels of L. innocua at 400 and 600 MPa. In addition, high levels of CO2 significantly decreased (p < 0.001) growth. However, 350 MPa under supercritical conditions seemed to set the L. innocua in a permanent lag phase, with slow and steadily decreasing numbers of bacteria during storage. All the design variables resulted in significant inactivation of L. innocua, and supercritical conditions combined with high levels of CO2 inhibited the recovery of L. innocua to a large degree.publishedVersio