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The Semantics Relation of Japanese Aspect -teiru and Negation
Full text linkVerb aspects in the form of -teiru in Japanese is a category that is still common to be discussed as the result of meaning classification that is prompted. This article tries to explore the aspect relations in -teiru form toward negation to see the change of meaning that is produced. This way, the writer recommends the aspects classification of -teiru when it is present with a negation constituent in clause construction. The object of this research is the verb form -teiru in Japanese, the data are taken from Konotoha corpus in collecting the data, the writer used several keywords including -teiru, -teinai, -teita, -teinakatta, -teimasu, -teimasen, -teimashita, and -teimasendeshita. The aspect analysis of -teiru in this research refers to a theory that is explained by Nitta (1995) who classified the Japanese -teiru meaning in four categories, including: ugoki no saichuu ‘continuity of action’, kekkajoutai no jizoku ‘continuity of result state’, kurikaeshiteki jizoku ‘repeated continuity’, and keiken-kiroku ‘experience-note/memory’. Based on the data analysis, it shows that the presence of negation in both past and non-past can generate -teiru form which is later classified into two, they are perfective and imperfective. Those that are categorized as perfective aspect are the presence of negation on aspect meaning of -teiru within category kekkajoutai no jizoku. While the imperfective aspect occurs during the presence of negation within categories ugoki no saichuu, kurikaeshiteki jizoku, and keiken-kiroku
ChatGPT in The Lab: Analyzing the Potential Pros and Cons for Research Professionals
Full text linkChatGPT is a natural large language model developed by OpenAI, which generates human-like responses to a wide range of questions and prompts. For researchers, ChatGPT can provide quick and accurate answers to academic questions. The study delves into the nuanced landscape and scrutinizes the benefits and pitfalls associated with the usage of ChatGPT among higher education researchers. Based on a convenient sampling, the study involves a mixed-methods approach that includes both qualitative and quantitative data collection and analysis. One thousand ninety-nine researchers, who have used ChatGPT for various academic projects, are the subjects under study. The data was collected via online questionnaires and face-to-face interviews from four Moroccan universities and higher education institutions: Sultan Moulay Slimane University, Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah University, Moulay Ismail University, and Al Akhawayn University. The research data is processed and analyzed through the SPSS software and analyzed to discern patterns and trends in ChatGPT usage. The findings of the study underscore the multifaceted impact of ChatGPT in academic research. The outcomes show that the benefits of ChatGPT include its ability to provide quick and accurate responses to queries, facilitate learning and information-seeking, and enhance communication skills. In contrast, the pitfalls include its potential to lead to an overreliance on technology, reduced critical thinking skills, and the risk of plagiarism. Such a result has significant implications for the integration of ChatGPT into academic research practices. While acknowledging its advantages, researchers are urged to approach its use with caution, emphasizing the importance of maintaining a balance between technological assistance and the preservation of essential cognitive skills. The study provides insights into the ongoing discourse on the role of Chatbots in higher education and underscores the need for researchers to incorporate strategies that harness the benefits of ChatGPT while mitigating its potential drawbacks
Crisis Communication through Social Media Platforms by Malaysian Indian Agencies
Full text linkCrisis communication must be prompt, accurate, and accessible to all. Government agencies often use multiple channels to disseminate critical information quickly. Social media has been helpful in informing all stakeholders about institutional short- and long-term interests as well as raising public health awareness. Mitigative strategies and crisis response are improved when crisis communication is tailored to the social, cultural, and economic context of minority communities. Identifying and directing communications that are unique to a group, however, presents difficulties when a crisis arises. Therefore, this research aims to investigate how the Malaysian Indian Agencies (MIAs), use social media to reach out to minority Malaysian Indians to disseminate information during the COVID-19 pandemic. 16 MIAs with active social media pages, Facebook and Twitter, registered with the Registrar of Societies (ROS) were shortlisted. Content analysis was performed on social media posts which were published from 18 March 2020 until 31 August 2020. The posts were categorized based on crisis communication strategies, outlined based on past studies. Subsequently, a semi-structured interview was conducted among the urban middle class and urban poor Indian residents in the Klang Valley. Findings reveal a notable paucity in the proactive presence of these agencies on social media platforms, indicating limited engagement in disseminating essential information during a crisis. While Facebook and Twitter were used, diverse channels like WhatsApp contributed to reaching out to the non-urban Indians. The use of Tamil shows efforts to overcome language barriers, supporting government initiatives to control the pandemic while potentially boosting the agencies’ political influence among Tamil-speaking communities. This study underscores the need for government agencies and community organizations to adapt their outreach methods to ensure all segments of the population, especially linguistic minorities, have access to timely and accurate information during a crisis
Verb-Verb Construction in Bugis Language: A Linguistic Typology Approach
Full text linkThis study examines the formation of serial verbs in the Bugis Bone language utilizing a qualitative descriptive approach and typological analysis. Data were collected by observation, including audio recordings of Bugis speakers’ direct talk, and supplemented by interviews for contextual comprehension. The assessment focused on language structures, and identifying patterns and distributions of lexemes and phrases. The results demonstrate that Bugis serial verbs align with the worldwide typology of serial verbs, consisting of four syntactic categories and six semantic categories: movement, directional, manner, cause-effect, comitative, modality, and aspect. This work is significant for its contribution to linguistic typology, providing insights into the universal elements of serial verb formations and the distinct qualities of the Bugis Bone language. The results have ramifications for the comprehensive understanding of Austronesian languages, establishing a basis for comparative analyses and contributing to the preservation of linguistic variety. Moreover, the study enhances understanding of the functioning of serial verb formulations within a particular linguistic and cultural framework, hence advancing theoretical knowledge in syntax and semantics. Future research may explore Bugis sentence forms through other theoretical frameworks to enhance the understanding of Bugis language typology
Canonical Versus Non-Canonical Passives in Indonesian
Full text linkWhile many studies have explored passive constructions in Indonesian, there is still a significant gap in research focusing on distinguishing passive clauses and categorizing them into canonical and non-canonical forms. This study aims to address this gap by identifying different types of passive clauses in Indonesian and classifying them into these two categories. The primary objectives are to establish clear criteria for validating the existence of canonical and non-canonical passive forms and to provide evidence supporting their distinction. To achieve these aims, we first analyze markers on Indonesian verbs, particularly the prefixes di-, ter-, and unmarked (zero) forms. The data used for this analysis consists of naturally occurring expressions and clauses sourced from the Leipzig Corpora. This data is examined through the lens of the (non)-canonical theory of passivization. The findings indicate that the di- marker on verbs predominantly signals canonical passive constructions. However, there are cases where the di- form shifts to non-canonical usage, especially when the agent is obligatorily present and cannot be syntactically demoted to an oblique role. In contrast, the ter- form and the unmarked form, which can denote either a bare active (BA) or a bare passive (BP) construction, consistently represent non-canonical passive constructions
A Phonological Sketch of Modo: An Endangered Language in Eastern Indonesia
Full text linkModo is an endangered Austronesian language mainly spoken on the islands of Komodo and Rinca in East Nusa Tenggara Province of Indonesia. Despite its status as an endangered language, Modo remains under-documented and understudied. This paper presents a phonological sketch of Modo based on primary data collected from native speakers in our 30-day fieldwork on the two islands. Through careful analysis of recordings from an elicited wordlist and transcription of naturalistic speech, this description covers Modo’s consonant and vowel inventories, syllable structure, stress assignment, and morphophonological analysis. Modo exhibits 31 consonants, including eight prenasalized stops, two implosives /ɓ/ and /ɗ/, the dental plosive /d̪/, the labio-dental approximant /ʋ/, and the loan palatal approximant /j/ and labio-dental fricative /f/. Additionally, Modo has six oral vowels, including the mid-central vowel /ə/, and five nasal vowels. The syllable structure of Modo is predominantly open, though it permits the consonants /h/ and /ʔ/ in word-final positions. Stress in Modo is generally assigned to the penultimate syllable, though shifts can occur in more complex phrases and sentences, indicating a nuanced prosodic system. Modo exhibits limited morphophonological processes, with only deletion and assimilation found in compounding. Furthermore, this study includes a brief discussion on practical orthography to enhance the accessibility of Modo’s unique phonemic units. We suggest the representation of distinctive phonemes, such as the implosives /ɓ/ and /ɗ/, voiced dental /d̪/, labio-dental approximant /ʋ/, and nasal vowels. This phonological sketch not only contributes to the documentation of an endangered language but also clarifies some phonological issues found in previous works and underscores the intricate linguistic features that characterize the Modo language, paving the way for future research and revitalization efforts
Javanese Silly Gags on Daily Communication on Social Media: Pragmatic Meanings and Functions Approach
Full text linkThis qualitative descriptive study aims to explore the pragmatic significance of rarely researched Javanese silly gags. The primary objective is to examine the markers and implications of these gags in daily communication, particularly focusing on their various categories. Utilizing social media fragments as the primary source, the research employs the note-taking method for listening. Subsequent steps include the identification, classification, and characterization of Javanese silly gags into five distinct categories: (1) Silly jokes for enthusiasm, (2) Silly jokes for sarcasm, (3) Silly jokes for satire, (4) Silly jokes for exasperation, and (5) Silly jokes for enigmatic humor. The equivalent analysis method is then applied, specifically using contextual equivalents through a comparative linking technique for in-depth data analysis. The emphasis on context is considered a crucial factor in conducting purpose-oriented pragmatic studies. The analysis reveals valuable insights into the diverse functions of Javanese silly gags, showcasing their significance in daily communication. The identified categories provide a comprehensive understanding of how these gags serve various purposes, from expressing enthusiasm to conveying sarcasm, satire, exasperation, and enigmatic humor. The social media fragments prove to be rich sources for uncovering the nuances of Javanese silly gags and their markers. The findings of this study shed light on the multifaceted nature of Javanese silly gags, highlighting their importance in preserving a unique form of humor. The study emphasizes the potential threat posed by the younger generation’s lack of comprehension. It underscores the need to preserve and understand Javanese silly gags in the evolving landscape of communication. Overall, this research contributes to the broader understanding of pragmatic aspects in Javanese humor, emphasizing the cultural and communicative significance of these often-overlooked forms of expression
The Influence of Mass Media on the Modern Japanese Language
Full text linkThe purpose of this study is to examine the key influence of mass media on different language levels based on analysing several modern newspapers and magazines published in Japan. The article uses the following methods of analysis: structural analysis, lexical and semantic analysis, stylistic analysis, analytical and synthetic method, and contextual analysis. The results of the study showed that the most noticeable influence of mass media on the modern Japanese language was observed at the lexical and stylistic levels and less noticeable – at the phonetic, word-forming, morphological, and syntactic levels. Phonetic changes in the Japanese press were associated with the adaptation of non-equivalent vocabulary from European languages using the Japanese alphabet (katakana). At the word-forming level, the changes concerned primarily uncharacteristic derivational units that came to Japanese from English, and at the morphological level, the influence was conducted mainly through the demonstration of samples of the correct use of case endings, tenses and coordination of parts of speech. At the syntactic level, there was a variety of syntactic constructions, in particular, to expand the content, introduce additional sentences, and change the topic of conversation. The stylistic influence of mass media on the Japanese language system consisted in the use of artistic tropes and stylistic figures, in particular, metaphors, hyperbole, and periphery, which can be considered patterns for communicative behaviour
The Syntax of the Genitive Case in Longus’ Novel Daphnis and Chloe
Full text linkThis study aims to explore the syntactic functions and characteristics of the genitive case in the ancient Greek novel “Daphnis and Chloe” by Longus, a text from the 2nd century AD, which exemplifies the “second sophistic” period of rhetorical development. The primary source for this research is the text of “Daphnis and Chloe”, which has been thoroughly analysed to ascertain the usage of the genitive case in various syntactic roles. The research employs descriptive and structural methods of linguistic analysis. The descriptive method identifies and explains instances of the genitive case within the text, while the structural method examines the relationships between these instances and other linguistic elements. The genitive case in the novel is found to perform multiple syntactic functions, including controlling verbs, nouns, adjectives, and expressing various semantic nuances. Detailed examples are provided to illustrate these functions and their impact on the text’s meaning. The findings offer a foundation for further studies of the genitive case in ancient Greek texts, providing significant insights for researchers and linguists interested in ancient Greek grammar and its syntactic constructions. The study enhances understanding of ancient rhetorical techniques and their application in literary texts during the “second sophistic” period
Arabic Loanwords in Kamus Dewan Perdana: Questions of Etymology, Word Class and Definition
Full text linkKamus Dewan Perdana (KDP) is the largest and most complete dictionary of the Malay language (ML) and is the latest edition of the Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka (DBP), which targets ML native speakers and non-native speakers who are proficient in using ML. This study aims to identify Arabic loanwords (AL) in KDP and analyse questions of their entry regarding the aspects of etymology, word class, and definition from the perspective of users and researchers by using Qualitative Comparative Analysis (QCA) as the methodology. The findings of this study found a total of 2847 entries of AL in KDP, which include 66% labelled Arabic (Ar) and 34% unlabelled. This study also found seven questions regarding AL entries in the KDP from the aspects of etymology, word class, and definition. Three questions arise from the etymological aspect, namely, (1) the inconsistent omission of etymological labelling, (2) the differences in terms of etymological labelling between KDP and Kamus Dewan Edisi Keempat (KDE4), and (3) justification for the source language information of the loanword placed at the end of the entry in the KDP; a question arises from the aspect of word class, which is the inconsistency in word class labelling for AL expression entries; and three questions from the aspect of definition, namely (1) the inaccuracy in the definition of homonymous word variations in KDP, (2) the absence of definition of the AL entries in the KDP and (3) the deletion of AL entry in the KDP. The results of this study serve as user feedback, which contributed to DBP as the body responsible for improving the compilation of KDP as well as other dictionaries such as Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia (KBBI), Cambridge Advanced Learner’s Dictionary (CALD), Longman Dictionary of Contemporary English New Edition (LDCENE), Oxford English Dictionaries (OED), and Concise Oxford English Dictionaries (COED). This improvement will in turn be able to provide complete vocabulary information to the user community, both among native speakers and non-native speakers