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Understanding of Speech Production in Cleft Lip/Palate: A Review
Full text linkA cleft lip is a disorder caused by the incomplete joining of the lips or palate during fetal development. This condition can result in a variety of physical impairments, speech impairments, and even psychological impairments that can affect a person’s life. Patients with cleft lip usually suffer from dental problems, speech problems, and breathing and hearing problems. This condition can certainly lead to emotional and social problems that require attention from various parties, including surgeons, dentists, speech therapists, and psychologists, essential. Patients with cleft disorders usually have an inability to produce speech sounds due to the insufficient amount of air pressure passing through the oral cavity. The severity of the disorder depends on various factors such as the intensity of the cleft, age at the surgery, and hearing loss. Early support and treatment can greatly improve patients’ quality of life. It is necessary to conduct comprehensive research to address the different issues associated with cleft lip/palate. This involves not only healthcare professionals, such as speech-language pathologists, surgeons, orthodontists, and pediatric dentists, but also communication experts, such as linguists, to develop effective treatments and strategies. This review article discusses the relationship between clefts and speech production, as well as the factors that play a role in improving the quality of life of patients with cleft. The article aims to provide a comprehensive overview of clefts, serving as a reference for dentists, surgeons, linguists, and other professionals who work with cleft patients
The Accuracy of English Grammatical Morpheme Orders among Chinese EFL Learners and Instructor Interventions
Full text linkIn the domain of first and second language (L1/L2) acquisition, Morpheme Order Studies (MOS) encapsulate a body of influential research. This study specifically aimed to (1) assess the accuracy of nine grammatical morphemes used by Chinese learners of English as a Foreign Language (EFL) in their compositions, (2) investigate the factors affecting the accurate use of these morphemes among Chinese EFL learners, and (3) explore the interventions implemented by their instructors to assist the Chinese EFL learners in accurately using these intricate grammatical constructs. Employing the Target-Like Use methodology, the data were collected from the essays of 108 high school learners in Kunming, Yunnan, China, to ascertain the order of their accuracy in using these morphemes. Subsequently, a semi-structured interview was conducted with five EFL instructors and 15 tested learners to delve into the factors influencing their proficiency with specific complex morphemes and the application of instructional interventions used by the instructors. The findings of the study revealed that the learners did not consistently adhere to Krashen’s hypothesized natural order; rather, they exhibited idiosyncratic acquisition patterns. Particularly, it was noteworthy that there was a relatively low accuracy observed in the usage of certain morphemes, such as irregular past and 3rd person singular –s (features absent in the learners’ native language). Furthermore, factors contributing to the diminished accuracy of these specific morphemes include the learners’ mother tongue interference in their use of these morphemes, syntactic and semantic complexities, motivational factors, environmental factors, and limited output of specific morphemes. Additionally, the research uncovered various interventions such as peer review, storytelling, and incorporating songs employed by the EFL instructors to assist the Chinese EFL learners in using these challenging grammatical morphemes correctly. This study provides valuable insights for EFL students, instructors, curriculum developers, and textbook editors
To What Extent Has Artificial Intelligence Impacted EFL Teaching and Learning? A Systematic Review
Full text linkUtilizing artificial intelligence (AI) technologies in EFL teaching and learning has brought about unimaginable opportunities to enhance learners’ fluency and proficiency in the target language as it is evident that employing AI tools helps learners develop their language skills, enhance engagement and motivation, ease foreign language anxiety, and ultimately acquire the target language. This meta-analysis aims to find out to what extent AI has impacted EFL teaching and learning by providing a systematic review of research papers published from 2020 to 2023. The review concentrated on four areas of EFL contexts: AI in EFL contexts, learners’ and teachers’ perceptions of AI tools, EFL learners’ motivations and engagements towards AI tools, and the integration of AI tools in language skills. The automated model developed by Guan et al.’s (2020) to collect published work from numerous databases such as Scopus, Web of Science, ERIC, Semantic Scholar, and Google Scholar was adopted. Findings of this review exhibit that employing AI technologies in the EFL settings has significantly benefitted the process of teaching and learning resulting in the mastery of the productive skills on the part of learners. On the other hand, the review shows there is a current lack of research related to receptive skills. As far as the learners’ and teachers’ perspectives regarding the integration of AI tools are concerned, the review voiced favourable perceptions concerning utilizing AI tools; however, the pedagogical implications of utilizing AI tools from the teachers’ point of view have been insufficiently addressed by research conducted so far. Eventually, the current review outlined significant implications that provide a strong foundation for future research
The Use of Interactive Techniques, Role-Playing Games, and Dramatization to Increase Linguistic Creativity and Motivation of Students
Full text linkThe study was conducted to identify relevant interactive methods of teaching English. For this purpose, a survey of the level of motivation to language learning was conducted, which included a pedagogical experiment with 46 students of 7 grades of the public school “Taalim”. The results of questionnaire survey of students and observation revealed a qualitative positive growth of linguistic creativity and motivation to learn English, due to the use of role-playing games and theatrical performances in lessons. To investigate the use of interactive techniques in English language teaching and to share experiences with colleagues, a conversation was held with 23 teachers, including undergraduates using these methods. The paper examines the concepts of motivation, play, dramatization, describes the main types and methods of using interactive techniques in teaching. It was determined that games and dramatization play an important role in learning. The use of role-playing games promotes language learning, helps to increase cognitive interest in the subject, while making the learning process less difficult, develops memory and thinking, focuses attention on a particular subject, and motivates students to learn English. Dramatization technologies develop imagination, contribute to the automatic understanding of rhymed language phrases, and the development of the student’s sensory and emotional sphere. The conducted research highlighted the main features of the use of game techniques in the process of teaching English and argued that it is important to introduce games and dramatization into the learning process. Interactive methods imply the interest of students in mastering a foreign language, the desire to perceive a foreign language and learn to speak a foreign language. Linguistic creativity and motivation are enhanced through role-playing and dramatization, enabling children to overcome the language barrier and increase their own self-esteem
The Exploration of Deli Malay Language Vowels: An Acoustic Phonetic Analysis
No full textThis study aims to discuss the acoustic profile of Deli Malay Language (Bahasa Melayu Deli) vowels from phonetics. In collecting data, the research will involve 15 DML native speakers. The speakers involved were between 20-40 years old. The data was obtained by recording the speaker’s voice in a quiet room with a consistent microphone distance of about 30 centimeters from the lips. Teak speakers will read syllable words containing target vowels in sentences with DML vowels. The pronunciation target vowel is placed on the first syllable. This study found that Deli Malay has seven vowels, namely vowels /i/, /e/, /ə/, /a/, /o/, /u/ and /ↄ/. DML vowel positions /i/ and /e/are high and medium front vowels. While the vowels /o/, /u/ and /ↄ/ are high and medium back vowels. Meanwhile, the vowels /a/ and / ə / are mid and low mid vowels. Later, this acoustic study calculated approximate vowel measurements based on F1 and F2 from the spectrogram at Praat. The measurement of the sound quality of forman vowels in Malay deli vowels is vowel /a/ F1 = 876 Hz and F2 = 1701 Hz vowel /i/ F1 = 533 Hz and F2 = 2328 Hz, vowel /e/ F1 = 689 Hz and F2 = 2204 Hz, vowels / ə/ F1= 692 Hz and F2= 1686 Hz, vowels /o/ F1= 650 Hz and F2= 1459 Hz, /ↄ/ F1= 658 Hz and F2= 1373 Hz, and /u/ F1= 524 Hz and F2 = 1383 Hz. This study provides a detailed analysis of the acoustic properties of Deli Malay vowels, contributing to a deeper understanding of the phonetic characteristics of the language. This can be valuable for linguists and researchers studying Malay languages and their phonetic systems
Quantifying Nature in Tourism Discourse: A Corpus-ecolinguistic Perspective
Full text linkNature or the physical environment is strategically presented as a compelling attraction to persuade tourists to visit a country, including Indonesia. While previous studies investigated tourism promotion from persuasive devices like metaphors and adjectives, this study takes a different trajectory by investigating the language of attitudes, identified explicitly from the Graduation, in tourism promotion discourse. This study built a specific corpus compiled from articles promoting nature on the official website of Indonesian tourism (OWIT). Using Sketch Engine and Wmatrix5, this study aims to identify 1) the types of nature offered on the Indonesian tourism promotion website, 2) quantification and its grammatical realization used in the promotion, and 3) attitudes amplified from the graduation strategy. Findings reveal that Indonesian tourism is promoted mainly by its topography, flora and fauna, nature-based activity, and weather and climate. Graduation is realized through diverse grammatical realizations, such as the specific and non-specific numerals and infused amounts, in order to quantify nature’s values/ numbers, extent, and mass/ presence. The concordance study indicates that upscaling quantification emphasizes Indonesia’s natural beauty and richness, while downscaling quantification promotes the endangered species in Indonesia’s national parks. From an ecological lens, the Graduation is employed to amplify readers’ Appreciation of the country’s valuation and composition. Quantification has also been proven to be a productive persuasive device in tourism promotion that functions to materialize and commodify nature. Notwithstanding the corpus size, this study contributes to tourism promotion discourse and ecolinguistics studies
Cultivating Sustainability: A Cultural Linguistic Study of Minangkabau Environmental Proverbs
Full text linkThe research aims to examine the connection between language, culture, and environment by analyzing the representation of nature in Minangkabau proverbs and its cultural implications and cognitive awareness in traditional Minangkabau society. It is a descriptive study that analyzes meaning and cultural representation through a cultural linguistics approach. The research used 287 proverbs from various written Minangkabau resources, including tambo and books containing Minangkabau proverbs. The study focuses on three sustainability pillars: social, environmental, and economic. The research findings show that Minangkabau proverbs frequently utilize symbolism of nature and the environment to describe and reflect cultural values and rules of Minangkabau customs. The natural representations reveal the close relationship between the Minangkabau people and nature and the cognitive awareness and shared knowledge passed down from generation to generation. The results of this study highlight the need for further research on Minangkabau proverbs to explore cultural values and wisdom that can support program sustainability. Hence, preserving and promoting cultural heritage values are crucial for sustainable development, as it can contribute to socio-economic development and create new values for future generations
Embracing Pluriversalism in Knowledge Production and Dissemination: Towards the Ethical Imperative to Listen to "Worlds and Knowledges Otherwise"
Full text linkThe fetish for disseminating knowledge through scholarly publication is tangible today with local scholars being heavily pressured to publish in both indexed local and international journals. While this intellectual endeavour is commendable for knowledge generation and dissemination, the very notion of knowledge is still strongly influenced by the Euro-and Western-centric orientation. This article problematizes the perpetuation of such knowledge especially in local academic publishing (i.e. Indonesia), and invites local scholars to mull over the possibility for thinking and acting otherwise, for seeking a radical alternative out of the existing alternatives, and for considering other ways of knowing and of being – that is to say, to embrace pluriversalim of knowledge through a space of “worlds and knowledges otherwise” (Escobar, 2007). In so doing, we can cultivate among local scholars another way of thinking – non-Euro-and non-Western-modes of thinking. The article will first examine the long-held scientific tradition in local academic writing and publishing practices. Then it discusses the lingering processes of intellectual hegemony in these practices. Finally, it offers another radical thought for creating a space of worlds and knowledges otherwise
Bidirectional Translation of Promotional Tourism Materials: Challenges and Strategies
Full text linkIn today’s globalized world, the effective translation of promotional tourism materials plays a crucial role in bridging cultural and linguistic gaps, thereby enhancing tourist experiences and supporting the growth of the tourism sector. Within this line, this study investigated the translator trainees’ performance on bidirectional translation of tourism-related texts. A sample of 24 Saudi postgraduates specializing in translation participated in the study. They were tasked with translating two promotional tourism texts—one from the Visitsaudi website and the other from the Visittheusa website—representing typical features of both Arabic and English tourist discourse. The trainees’ translations were assessed quantitively and qualitatively in two scenarios: (a) translating from English to Arabic, and (b) the reverse based on three criteria: accuracy, style and clarity. The findings revealed significant challenges in both translation directions, particularly in maintaining style and clarity. The Wilcoxon signed-rank test identified statistically significant differences between the two translation directions, underscoring the inherent challenges in L1 to L2 translation (z = -2.372, p = .018, r = 0.48). The qualitative analysis further indicated that the trainees predominantly employed source-text (ST) oriented strategies, impacting negatively the style, clarity, and accuracy of the target texts (TTs). The trainees’ reliance on source-text (ST) oriented strategies resulted in translations that did not adapt to the linguistic and cultural nuances of the target language, which negatively impacted the quality of the target texts (TTs). The study concludes with recommendations for improving the trainees’ bidirectional translation skills in tourism translation
Woman Creativepreneurship Based on Minangkabau Culture
Full text linkIndonesia comprises various ethnic cultures, which has its own uniqueness. One element of culture is a livelihood system. The Minangkabau ethnic community has a uniqueness that is represented by the tradition of migrating and the livelihood system of trading. Migrants were initially only carried out by men but later were also joined by women. Many Minangkabau women migrants are successful in their overseas and trading businesses. This prompted this research to be carried out with the title Minangkabau Woman Creativepreneurship. This paper applies qualitative approach, with ethnographic research methods and an anthropolinguistic paradigm. The informants in this research were 10 Minangkabau women who were creative in running their businesses. The location of this research is Dharmasraya Regency, West Sumatra Province. This research found 7 (seven) Minangkabau Woman Creativepreneurship values, namely: (1) religiosity, (2) hard work, (3) discipline, (4) honesty, (5) never giving up, (6) thriftiness, and (7) creativity. These values were internalized from the teachings of the Minangkabau adat. It is deemed that cultural values are represented in and internalized from language in the form of adages, forming attitudes, character, ethos and ethics and behavior, leading to their success. These findings are relevant to the current state of unemployment rates and in motivating local cultural education in the education system