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Revitalizing the Values of Local Wisdom in the Oral Tradition of 'Nyangahatn' Dayak Kanayatn in Anthropolinguistic Perspective
Full text linkMaintaining the value of local wisdom in a society is important to strengthen the knowledge of a community. This study aims to formulate a strategy for revitalizing the local wisdom values of the Dayak Kanayatn ‘Nyangahatn’ oral tradition. This study uses the perspective of the anthropolinguistic approach by Duranti. The type of research used is descriptive qualitative, with the Ethnographic Spradley research method which is simplified into six stages. The step taken in collecting data is to determine the informant. Data was collected by observing and interviewing informants. Next, the researcher made ethnographic notes, and again asked descriptive questions to the informants. Then, the researcher conducted a structured interview analysis, and wrote an ethnography. The research data is in the form of elaboration and description of the form of local wisdom values and the formulation of strategies for revitalizing the values of local wisdom of the Dayak Kanayatn ‘Nyangahatn’ oral tradition. The results of the study show that there are five forms of the value of local wisdom in the oral tradition of ‘Nyangahatn’; 1) The value of human relationship with God; 2) The value of human relations with others; 3) The value of human relations with ancestors/ancestors; 4) The value of a happy life for the deceased; 5) The value of human relations with the natural environment. Furthermore, the revitalization strategy can be carried out by the local community by documenting the traditions and values of local wisdom into writing in the form of books; through local arts education (studio); take action by carrying out traditional ceremonial celebrations every year; implement the values of local wisdom in life
Amazigh in Morocco through the Lens of the U.S. State Department's Reports between 1999 and 2020: A Critical Discourse Analysis
Full text linkThis paper uses critical discourse analysis (CDA), particularly Theo Van Leeuwen's socio-semantic inventory, to discover the discursive representations of the social actors in the U.S. State Department's coverage of Amazigh struggle for their linguistic and cultural rights in its annual reports on human rights practices in Morocco, between 1999 and 2020. The data comprises 21 texts with 5796 words. These are the content of the National/ Racial/ Ethnic Minorities section within the pertinent reports, available on the State Department's online database. The investigated section follows the section of Persons with Disabilities. The findings show that the Amazigh issue has not been reported with careful attention; inaccurate information has, for instance, been detected. The inclusion representational categories are predominantly used; differentiation and categorization are given special weight, compared to the strategies of genericization, individualization, objectivation, and assimilation. Assigning distinctive prominence to two groups aims to emphasize the persistent conflict in Morocco between the disempowered Amazigh activists and the empowered Moroccan authorities. The exclusion representational categories, on the other hand, specifically backgrounding and nominalization, are also heavily employed to mystify agency in critical situations, mainly when the related social actors are the authorities. The study concludes that the representation of the social actors is influenced by the ideological stances and agenda of the U.S. State Department
The Variation of Numeral Form Mean ‘one’ in Numeral Classifiers of the Batak Angkola Language
Full text linkThis paper aims to explain the variation of the numeral form, which means ‘one’ in the numeral classifier of the Batak Angkola language of Pintu Padang isolect and to describe the pattern of use of each of these forms. Data was collected by using observation and interview methods. Observation is done by listening to speakers communicate with each other. Interviews were conducted by directly asking three informants who met specific requirements and with several other sources. Data analysis was carried out using segmenting immediate constituents technique by dividing the lingual unit into numerals and classifiers. Based on the study results, it can be concluded that in the Batak Angkola language of Pintu Padang isolect found, ten variations of the numeral form, which means ‘one’ followed by a numeral classifier. The variation of the numeral form, which means ‘one’, is determined by the initial phoneme of the numeral classifier it follows in this case, the addition of a phoneme similar to or the same as the following phoneme. However, it is still limited to specific numeral classifiers. The numeral form still dominantly used is the form that has not experienced the addition of a phoneme
An Analysis of Errors in English Writing: A Case Study the Third Semester Students of UBSI
Full text linkThe objectives of this research are to know the errors in the third semester students' writing of Bina Sarana Informatika University and the most frequent error. It is concerned to the grammatical and semantic and substance errors. The data is analyzed by using James' theory in (Mungungu, 2010). The findings show that errors done by the students are spelling 50.9%, fragment 15.7%, punctuation 9.8%, adjective 3%, subject- verb agreement 3.9%, preposition 3.9%, capitalization 3.9%, tenses 2%, verb 2%, literal translation 2%. It can be concluded that the most frequent error is spelling. It because the students missed a letter, added more letter in a word, and exchange the letter. While In grammatical category, the most frequent error is fragment. It is because the most students do not put a subject in a sentence
The Comparison of the Formation of Indonesian and Arabic Plural Meanings (Contrastive Analysis)
Full text linkThis study compares the process of forming plural words in Indonesian and Arabic to determine the similarities and differences in the markers of the two languages' plural meaning through contrastive analysis studies. The data in this study are fragments of speech that are thought to contain plural meaning. They are taken from the source of data in the form of speech that contains plural meanings in the two languages' books. The data are analyzed using the split method with the Direct Element Dividing technique and the equivalent method using the Determination Element Determination technique. This study indicates that the formation of plural languages in Indonesian and Arabic has similarities and differences in rules. The equation includes the addition of affixes, numeral, plural lexical meanings, and changes in pronouns. The differences in the rules of the formation of plural words of Indonesian and Arabic include reduplication, internal modification, the existence of dualistic forms, gender differences in words, case differences, and subject-predicate relationships
Lagos' Bus Stop Names and their Pronunciations by Danfo Bus Conductors
No full textDanfo Buses are one of the main means of transportation in Lagos. For commuters to move from one location to another, it is highly essential that they know their bus stops and how the Danfo bus conductors pronounce them. This is because an inability to understand how these bus stops are pronounced will make it difficult for commuters to locate their destination. This paper aims to classify Lagos bus stop names based on their languages and sources of origin and demystify their pronunciation by Danfo bus conductors. Data was gathered through audio recordings of the speeches of the Danfo bus conductors. Data shows that bus stops in Lagos were named using both the local and English languages. Data also reveals that the names of these bus stops were derived from several ancient landmarks, including religious landmarks, commercial activities, agro-related landmarks, ancient edifices, and long-standing handiwork practices around these bus stops either now or in time past. The data further shows that the Danfo bus conductors employ various phonological processes such as vowel deletion, nasal deletion, vowel lengthening, consonant deletion, and word deletion in the pronunciation of bus stop names. The public is urged to take cognisance of these pronunciations in order not to miss their locations.
Dā’ish vs Tanẓīm Al-Dawlah: BREAK Analysis of The Names of ISIS in Arab Mass Media
Full text linkThis study aims to analyze the meaning of ISIS names in the Arab mass media from the BREAK theory perspective. The research data were taken from two Syrian mass media: Tishrīn and ‘Inab Baladī. The name Dā’ish is used as the primary discourse, while the name Dā’ish is a secondary discourse. The data was collected by observing the basic technique of tapping and the advanced technique of note-taking. Data analysis was carried out using identity method. The findings show that the meaning of primary discourse is structured through the eclectic use of theory on aspects of sound, form, meaning construction, and meaning changes. The analysis found that primary discourse has a negative meaning tendency and is contrary to religion's moral values (Islam) and state. Meanwhile, the meaning of secondary discourse is carried out by combining the theory of nominal groups, word structures, nominal relations, and stylistics. Secondary discourse has an ambiguous meaning because it represents ISIS as an entity that can be understood in two domains at once: organization and state. The comprehensive analysis of BREAK has shown clear linguistic stages of meaning so the meaning of ISIS names can be clearly understood. Â
The Prosody of Harar Oromo Nouns
Full text linkThis paper examines the tone in Harar Oromo, a language widely spoken in Ethiopia. The focus is on tone in nouns. The examination implements acoustic analysis of tone using pitch contours, which helps in determining the type and position of tone in roots and in nominative and accusative case. The results show that roots can have either L or H tone, while case suffixes always have H tone. This suggests that tone is predictable in suffixes, but not in roots. The analysis suggests that Harar Oromo has a restricted tone system that is similar to stress-like languages
Citing Others' Works in Academic Texts: How Non-native Writers of English Across-disciplines Use Reporting Verbs and Reporting Signals in Their Research Article Introductions
Full text linkThis study is aimed at investigating how Indonesian writers in multidiscipline use reporting verbs (henceforth RVs) and reporting signals (henceforth RSs) in their research article introductions in English. Fifty research articles (henceforth RAs) were chosen on purpose from the recent edition of five different English language journals in Multi-disciplines published in Indonesia (i.e., 10 from Applied Linguistics, 10 from Medicine, 10 from Animal Husbandry, 10 from Engineering and Technology, and 10 from Geography). The results reveal that the most frequent groups of RV found in the RA introductions are SHOW and ARGUE groups; while the most frequent RS is Reporting Noun. It is also found that Indonesian writers in the data of this research tend to use RVs in Present and Past Tense. These findings are similar to those of previous studies where there is no important difference between English native and non-native speakers in using RVs in their RAs. This implies that Indonesian writers of the articles used in this study have used RVs in a similar way to English native speakers. This is because the RAs used in this research were taken from reputable international journals indexed by Scopus and/or Web of Science
Grammaticalization Cases Through the Four Linguistic shifts
Full text linkThe present study aims at describing the grammaticalization phenomenon of some HA elements that, to the best of the author,s knowledge, have not been dealt with. It argues that the elements xən, ʕsəs and lissa have gradually developed from the verb xalla, the preposition phrases (PP) ʕla asa:s and ila al-sa:ʕah respectively. To achieve this, the paper speculates that these developed forms have followed the prevalently agreed upon grammaticalization chains where they have undergone desemanticization (semantic shift), decategorialization (morphosyntactic shift), cliticization (morphophonological shift) and erosion (phonetic shift). These chains exhibit the grammaticalization stages of the elements under study