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Tissue engineering in endodontics
Get PDFTissue Engineering is one of the most fascinating areas of contemporary biology. Research in this field continues to advance knowledge about how an organism develops from a single cell and how healthy cells replace damaged cells in adult organisms. Stem cells are the cells with the ability to divide for indefinite periods in culture and to give rise to specialized cells. They have the potential to develop into many different cell types in the body during early life and growth. In addition, in many tissues they serve as a sort of internal repair system, dividing essentially without limit to replenish other cells as long as the person or animal is still alive. Along with the correct concentration of scaffold and growth factors, stem cell can do wonders for the treatment options available for the patient. Tissue engineering in Endodontics is both exciting and promising and the future would only see an increase in this interdisciplinary field. KEYWORDS: Stem Cells, Tissue engineering, Growth Factors, Endodontic
Restoring Natural Smile With Artificial Eye : A Case Report
Get PDFAims and objectives : fabrication of custom ocular prosthesis for a patient with enucleation defect in one eye. Case description : Impression of the anophthalmic socket was made using irreversible hydrocolloid material using an acrylic resin tray. The impression was poured in two sections. Molten wax was poured into the cast. Try in of the wax pattern was done. Acrylisation was done followed by painting and characterization and after completion of the characterization , a final layer of clear heat cure acrylic is added to the shell and processed by slow curing cycle. After recovering the prosthesis it was polished to get a smooth and shiny surface. CONCLUSION: fabricating a custom ocular prosthesis in this case not only restored the enucleation eye defect but also restored her natural smile
Assessment of Toluidine Blue in Oral Leukoplakia
Get PDFSquamous cell carcinoma is the most common cancer of the oral cavity and the prognosis of the tumor depends on the early detection of the carcinoma. Toluidine blue is a metachromatic die of the thiazine group that has been effectively used as a nuclear stain because of its binding capacity with DNA. The objective of the study was to find the specificity and sensitivity of the toluidine blue supra vital staining technique in oral leukoplakia. The study comprised of 17 clinically suspicious cases of oral leukoplakia. The effect of toluidine blue staining and histopathological features were also studied. The toluidine blue staining is a sensitive vital staining method for leukoplakia. It is the useful chair side diagnostic test with the sensitivity of 92% and specificity of 100%. KEYWORDS: Oral Leukoplakia, toluidine blu
Cytomorphometric Analysis of Normal Exfoliative Cells from Buccal Mucosa in Different Age Groups
Get PDFOral exfoliative cytology is a simple and relatively pain free procedure which can be carried out repeatedly with minimum discomfort to the patients. Oral exfoliative cytology has sentivity of 89% and specificity of 89.5%, its accuracy could be enhanced by cytomorphometric analysis of the cells. On reviewing the literature we found numerous articles on cytomorphometric analysis of premalignant and malignant lesions and tobacco chewers-related lesions, but the articles available for the analysis of the normal epithelial cells are relatively few in number. The present study was carried out to assess the cytoplasmic diameter and nuclear diameters of normal buccal mucous membrane under various age groups.Materials and methods:The patients were divided into 3 groups, group-I consists of patients less than 25 years of age, Group – II consists of patients of 25 -50 years of age and Group –III of patients more than 50 years of age. Scrapings were made from the buccal mucosa and immediately fixed with 95% ethanol for a minimum of 15 minutes. In all the cases the Nuclear diameter (ND) and the Cell diameter (CD) were measured in both the horizontal and vertical axes in micrometer. The Nuclear Cytoplasmic(NC) Ratio was also calculated for each case.Statistical analysis:For each age group the mean ND, mean CD, and mean NC ratio were determined. One sample‘t’ test was carried out to find the significance of each sample.Results:The cytomorphometric analysis of the exfoliated normal buccal mucosal cells revealed that the ND varied from 7.4μ to 8.4μ, the cytoplasmic diameter from 46.77μ to 49.34μ and the nuclear cytoplasmic ratio from 0.17μ to 0.20μ. The increase in ND and decrease in CD are due to aging process and decreased cell metabolic activity respectively
Glass Fibre Reinforced Composite Resin Post & Core In Decayed Primary Anterior Teeth – A Case Report
Get PDFDental caries is the singled most common chronic childhood disease. In early childhood caries there is early carious involvement and gross destruction of maxillary anterior teeth. This case presents the clinical sequence of rehabilitation of maxillary anterior primary teeth. Endodontic treatment was followed by the placement of a new fibre post, glass fibre reinforced composite resin post. The crown reconstruction was done with strip crowns.KEY WORDS: - Anterior restoration, Post, Glass Fibre Reinforced Composite Resin
Maxillectomy Defect Rehabilitation with Obturator Prosthesis – A Case Report
No full textMaxillary defects are created by surgical treatment of benign or malignant neoplasms, congenital malformation and by trauma. The size and location of the defects influence the degree of impairment and difficulty in prosthetic rehabilitation. Lack of support, retention, and stability are common prosthodontic treatment problems for patients who have had a maxillectomy. The obturator prosthesis is used to restore masticatory function and improve speech, deglutition and cosmetics for maxillary defect patients.  
Impacted Maxillary Canine - At a Glance
No full textMaxillary canines are important teeth in terms of esthetic and function. Impaction of canines is a common occurrence and clinicians must have a sound knowledge to manage such cases. With early detection, timely interception and well managed surgical and orthodontic treatment; impacted canines can be erupted and guided to an appropriate location in the dental arch. This paper presents a literature review regarding etiology, clinical and radiographic diagnosis, as well as surgical and orthodontic management of impacted maxillary canine
Estimation of the total antioxidant capacity of whole blood in patients with chronic periodontitis using the Nitroblue Tetrazolium reduction test
No full text Background: Reactive oxygen species (ROS) not only play an important role in metabolic processes & cell signalling but are also thought to be implicated in the pathogenesis of a variety of inflammatory disorders including periodontitis. The aim of this study was to investigate the total antioxidant capacity in whole blood in patients with and without chronic periodontitis. Methods: Thirty non smoking volunteers (16 males and 14 females) consisting 15 subjects with chronic periodontitis, & 15 subjects with healthy periodontium with age ranging between 18-40 yrs were included in this study. After clinical measurement and samplings, total antioxidant capacity in whole blood was assessed using Nitroblue Tetrazolium reduction test. Results: The total antioxidant capacity in whole blood in patients with periodontitis was significantly (p<0.005) lower than in healthy subjects. Conclusions: The present study raise the necessity to search whether this reduced antioxidant defence reflects inherent deficiencies predisposing to periodontitis or a result from the inflammatory lesion which still remains unclear. Finally, the reduced total blood antioxidant status in periodontitis subjects warrants further investigation as it may provide a mechanistic link between periodontal disease and several other free radical-associated chronic inflammatory diseases. Key words: Chronic periodontitis, antioxidant, total antioxidant Capacity, oxidative stress, nitroblue tetrazoliu
Cephalometric profile evaluation in patients with cleft lip and palate
No full textCleft lip and palate is one of the most common of all congenital malformations of the face. These patients exhibit abnormalities of dental arch forms, malocclusions, facial deformity & masticatory dysfunction. This study was done to evaluate the differences in the cephalometric norms between normal individuals and the cleft lip/palate individuals and also between unilateral and bilateral cleft patients. The results showed that apart from maxillary deficiency, the cleft patients showed myriad differences in the skeletal and soft tissue parameters both in vertical and horizontal planes. The unilateral cleft patients showed a statistically significant difference in the anterior facial height when compared to the bilateral cleft counterparts while the other values remained normal