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Angle’s classification among Brazilian racial biotypes: a university based observational study
Get PDFBackground: The purpose of this study is to determine demographic profile and the pattern of malocclusion from the initial clinical records of patients who sought the dental clinics for orthodontic treatment and to determine difference in Angle’s classification among racial biotypes.Materials and Methods: Between the years 2011 and 2014, 1576 clinical records were selected and reviewed by one examiner to identify epidemiological characteristics. Angle’s classification, age, dentition, and others were scored, and after tabulation, data were grouped to find percentiles.Results: Class I was found at 57.9%; Class II, 31.4%, and Class III, 10.8%; there was no significant difference in gender distribution (49.6% of men and 50.4% of women); the orthodontic treatment plan indicated was comprehensive (77.4%) and the sample was composed, mainly, by white and mulatto biotypes (40.8% and 41.1%, respectively) and by youth aged 5–10 y.o. (32.1%) and aged 11–15 y.o. (29.4%). Conclusion: There was a high incidence of Class I and indication for comprehensive treatment. There were differences in the incidence of malocclusion for the Afro-Brazilian ethnic group
Sclerotherapy - A conservative approach for the management of compound hemangioma of the upper lip in a young female patient
No full textHemangiomas are benign vascular tumor, usually seen in infants, newborn, and child. They are common in the head and neck region, though oral hemangiomas are relatively rare. Large lesion involving lip produces unesthetic appearance causing emotional and social disturbances, especially in young school going children. Although surgery remains the mainstay for the treatment for hemangioma, surgical resection has an inherent risk of intraoperative bleeding and scarring. Sclerotherapy is often used before surgery for the management of large lesions. Sclerotherapy involves intralesional injection of fibrosing agent, to reduce its vascularity and size of hemangiomas. This paper reports a case of large hemangioma of the upper lip in a 12-year-old girl child, causing significant esthetic disturbance. The lesion was conservatively and successfully managed by sclerotherapy, thereby minimizing the risk of bleeding and need of any reconstructive procedure. The presentation, diagnosis, and treatment options for lip hemangiomas are also reviewed. Complete resolution of hemangioma with sclerotherapy alone is the most desirable outcome, as it is minimally invasive and economic. It provides the best esthetic outcome and avoids the morbidity associated with other procedures
Retreatment of Class II malocclusion with uncontrolled loss of anchorage by miniscrews and sliding jigs: A case report
No full textThe incorporation of miniscrews into orthodontic eld has allowed for more predictable anchorage control and increased the ability to correct severe skeletal and dental discrepancies. In addition to that, many of orthodontic cases with uncontrolled loss of anchorage became more reversible cases and the possibility for retreating them has increased with miniscrews. This case report describes upper molar distalization by the use of miniscrews and sliding jigs to retreat Class II malocclusion case with uncontrolled loss of anchorage. The use of sliding jigs supported by miniscrew in this case was helpful in distalization of upper molars and treatment of uncontrolled loss of anchorage
Restorative materials for non-carious cervical lesions: A review
Get PDFAim: The aim of this study is to discuss various restorative options and their signi cance in the management of non-carious cervical lesions (NCCL). Background: The etiology of NCCLs is not clearly understood and that makes the clinical management challenging. The diagnosis and treatment vary from case to case, the success of which is directly in uenced by the choice of restorative material used. Results: An evidence-based literature consisting of systematic reviews, meta-analysis, and clinical trials as randomized clinical trials over the past 20 years available in the MEDLINE database was reviewed
Shear strength of brackets bonded to acrylic teeth using different surface conditioning and bonding materials
No full textThe purpose of this study was to evaluate the shear resistance of orthodontic brackets bonded to Trilux (VIPI) acrylic teeth submitted to different methods of surface preparation and bonding materials. Two hundred twenty-five (225) teeth had their surface prepared using: coarse polishing disc, aluminium oxide blasting, diamond bur, diamond bur followed by monomer application, or monomer application alone. Metal brackets were bonded with three different agents: Transbond XT (3M/Unitek) adhesive, DuraLay (Reliance) self-cure acrylic resin, and resin cement RelyXTM (3M/ ESPE). Tooth color was assessed previously to bracket placement and after its removal in order to verify whether bonding materials had any effect on the appearance of underlying acrylic teeth. Samples were aged before shear resistance tests were carried out. ANOVA/Tukey test evidenced a difference between groups (P=0.00), with the lowest shear bond strength values been found on samples conditioned with monomer application alone. Color evaluation showed that teeth bonded with Rely-XTM became darker after debonding (P≤0.05). Surface preparation and bonding material bear an influence on shear strength of brackets bonded to acrylic teeth, and its final color.  
Biochemical alterations in saliva of tobacco users: A case control study
No full textABSTRACT Background and Objectives: Normal salivary function is considered to be critical for the maintenance of healthy oral mucosa. Oral fluids provide an easily available, non-invasive medium for the diagnosis of wide range of diseases and clinical situations. The objectives of the study is to assess and compare the Salivary amylase, Protein, pH, Sodium and Potassium levels in tobacco smokers, chewers with those of controls. Methods: The present study comprised of 150 subjects, among them 50 subjects had habit of tobacco smoking, 50 subjects had habit of tobacco chewing and 50 were age and sex matched healthy subjects (with no smoking or chewing habit) i.e. the control group. All the patients in our study were young falling into the age group of 20-40 years. Saliva was collected by spitting method. Unstimulated whole saliva thus collected was refrigerated at 4oC, and processed within 24 hours for estimation of biochemical constituents of saliva. Interpretation & Conclusion: The present study clearly indicates a significant reduction in salivary amylase in both tobacco chewers and smokers as compared to controls. There was also significant reduction in pH in both tobacco chewers and smokers. Present study also indicates significant reduction in total protein level in smokers and chewers. Sodium and Potassium level was also significantly reduced in both tobacco chewers and smokers. All the above findings suggest that the alterations in biochemical constituents of saliva may be associated with tobacco chewing as well as smoking. Keywords: Saliva, Tobacco chewers, Tobacco smoking, Biochemical alteration  
Assessment of Labial and Palatal Alveolar Bone Thickness and Height in Maxillary Anterior Teeth in Saudi population Using Cone Beam Computed Tomography (CBCT)
No full textAims & Objectives: The aim of this study was to measure alveolar bone thickness and height of the labial and palatal surfaces of maxillary anterior teeth in Saudi Population using cone beam computed tomography. Materials and Methods: The thickness and vertical bone height of the labial and palatal alveolar bone of 108 maxillary anterior teeth were measured. Measurements were performed using, Galileos CBCT, for each tooth at three levels cervical, middle and apical. Data were analyzed using multivariate analysis (MANOVA), Spearman’s correlation coefficient and the chi-square test. Results: The labial plate of bone in canine showed the least thickness. Vertical bone loss was severer in the labial surfaces than the palatal surfaces, with a mean of (2.9 ± 0.26 mm.) for central incisor, while the lateral incisors and canines showed (3.6 ± 0.32mm.) and (4.3 ± 0.32) bone loss respectively. Females showed lesser bone thickness in the apical and middle third of the root than males, while males had thinner alveolar bone than females. Conclusion: Labial bone plate is thinner than palatal plate in all cases investigated, which require ridge augmentation in case of implant placement. Vertical bone loss is dependent on thickness of alveolar bone
Allergic and immunologic response of the oral mucosa: An overview
Get PDFAllergic and immunologic diseases very often manifest oral lesions in their earliest stages, an early diagnosis, which may be spurred by a dental examination, is a key for improved outcomes. After systemic diagnosis, oral lesions benefi t from special care by dentists in alliance with the medical team. This review aims to highlight the most relevant allergic and immunologic conditions of the oral cavity, their pathogenesis, and their pathognomonic diagnostic features, which will navigate the clinicians to arrive at a prompt diagnosis and subsequent management
Antibiogram profile and antibacterial efficacy of medicinal plant extracts on Streptococcus mutans- An in vitro study
Get PDFAim and Objectives: The present investigation was aimed to study antibiotic susceptibility pattern of Streptococcus mutans and to find the alternate antimicrobials of plant origin. Methods: The evaluation of current efficacy of 15 commercially available antibacterial drugs was carried out against thirty strains of S. mutans by Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion method and determined inhibitory activity of medicinal plants Cinnamomum zeylanicum, Acacia catechu, Mimusops elengi and Terminalia arjuna against the clinical isolates. Results: Among 15 antibacterial drugs evaluated against all the strains of S. mutans, chloramphenicol and amoxicillin were highly effective in terms of maximum diameter of growth inhibition zone followed by erythromycin and ciprofloxacin. Six drugs namely tetracycline, vancomycin, spectinomycin, ampicillin, clindamycin and cefuroxime exhibited moderate effect and mild effect was shown by bacitracin. Whereas cefixime and kanamycin were not effective against the bacteria as they did not show any inhibitory activity. Among the antimicrobial combinations used: the greatest potency was shown by ampicillin / sulbactam. Acetone extract of C. zeylanicum and ethanol extract of A. catechu showed significant antibacterial activity against S. mutans followed by M. elengi and T. arjuna. Conclusion: Further study is required to isolate and characterize bioactive molecule from these plants which can be used as an alternative medicine to prevent caries infection
An Unusual Occurrence of a Talon Cusp in a Primary Lateral Incisor
No full textA talon cusp is an unusual developmental dental anomaly rarely encountered in the primary dentition but is commonly found in permanent maxillary incisors. Although the precise etiology is unknown, this anatomical disturbance possibly develops during the morpho-differentiation stage of tooth development. The occurrence primarily leads to esthetic and functional complications requiring the need for early diagnosis and management. The present case report describes the first reported case of an anatomically exaggerated Type 1 lingual talon cusp with a unique prominent pyramidal projection in a primary lateral incisor in a one year old Middle Eastern child of Lebanese descent