eDENT Journals
Not a member yet
502 research outputs found
Sort by
Mandibular Mesiodens with Agenesis of Central Incisors (Hypohyperdontia): A Case Report &Review
No full textSupernumerary teeth are defined as those in excess when compared to the normal series. Supernumerary teeth can occur as single, multiples, unilaterally, or bilaterally and in maxilla or mandible or both. The incidence of mandibular mesiodens with agenesis of central incisors is extremely rare. This paper attempts report & review the occurrence of such a rare combination. A 9 year old girl reported to Department of Pediatric & Preventive Dentistry, DAPMRVDC, Bangalore, India, for a routine dental check up. Clinical Examination revealed the presence of a conical tooth in relation to retained Primary central incisor (71, 81) & erupting permanent lateral incisors. Radiographic examination confirmed the presence of a Mesiodens & the agenesis of both permanent mandibular central incisors. Extraction of the mesiodens was carried out followed by orthodontic management
Estimation Of Tumour Necrosis Factor-Alpha Levels In Gingival Crevicular Fluid In Periodontal Health And Disease In An Indian Population-A Clinical And Biochemical Study
No full textAim: Tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), a pro-inflammatory cytokine, has a strong potential for increasing alveolar bone resorption and is involved in the degradation of connective tissue by stimulating PGE2 and collagenase respectively. Based on these findings, it seems reasonable to speculate that TNF-α may be relevant in the initiation and progression of periodontitis. The aim of the present study was to assess the relationship between the levels of TNF-α in the Gingival Crevicular Fluid (GCF) and periodontal disease severity. Methods: A total of 90 subjects were included in the study with 30 subjects in each of the following groups: I-Healthy, II-Gingivitis, III- Periodontitis based on Community Periodontal Index (CPI) scores. GCF collected from each individual was subjected to biochemical analysis to detect TNF-α level by using commercially available Enzyme Linked Immunosorbant Assay (ELISA) kit.Results: The present study demonstrated that the Periodontitis group had a higher mean TNF-α levels (11.95± 0.59 pg/ml) when compared to the Gingivitis group (9.33± 0.69 pg/ml) and Healthy group (7.06± 0.59 pg/ml) .The Gingivitis group had a higher mean TNF-α level when compared to the Healthy group. The mean difference in the TNF-α levels between the groups was found to be statistically significant (P<0.001). The Mean levels of TNF-α were the highest in periodontitis subjects and lowest in healthy periodontium subjects. Conclusion: TNF-α level in GCF progressively increase from periodontal health to periodontal disease. Therefore, from the results of this study it can be concluded that TNF-α plays a key role in the progression of periodontal disease and also provides site specific information on changes in TNF-α levels serving as a strong clinical marker of disease activity
Dentinal Hypersensitivity - Etiology & Its Management
No full text Dentin hypersensitivity may be defined as brief, sharp pain arising from exposed dentin. It occurs typically in response to chemical, thermal, evaporative or osmotic stimuli and cannot be explained as arising from other dental defects or pathology. Dentinal hypersensitivity has been referred to as one of the most painful and chronic dental condition, with a reported prevalence of between 4% and 57% in the general population and higher prevalence in periodontal patients[12]. The primary cause of dentin hypersensitivity is loss of enamel on the tooth crown and gum recession exposing the tooth root, with subsequent loss of cementum. The exact mechanism of dentin hypersensitivity is still being researched, but many accept the hydrodynamic theory as an explanation of the symptoms . The aim & objective :- of this review is to inform practitioners about dentin hypersensitivity in it’s management [8]. Types of Studies Reviewed:- The authors used PUBMED to find relevant English-language literature published in the period 1996 to 2011. They used combinations of the search terms "dentin," "tooth," "teeth, “hypersensitivity”. Result:- Many treatments have been proposed but no universally accepted or highly reliable desensitizing agent or treatment has been identified. Depending on the identified cause, a combination of individual oral health behaviour instructions, use of self-care products, and professional treatment may be required to manage the problem[13].  
Evaluating the efficacy of a bioactive synthetic graft material in the treatment of intrabony periodontal defects
No full textBackground: Bioactive ceramic fillers are synthetic materials which have shown the potential to enhance bone formation. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of a bioactive synthetic graft material in the treatment of intrabony periodontal defects. Method: Fourteen intrabony defects in twelve systemically healthy subjects having moderate to severe chronic periodontitis were evaluated after bone grafting with bioactive ceramic filler for a period of 6 months. Clinical and radiographic evaluations were made at baseline, at 3 and 6 months following surgery. Results: Mean radiographic defect fill of 64.76% (2.49+0.5mm) was observed in 6 months, which was statistically significant. A statistically significant relative attachment level gain of 2.71+1.13mm and probing pocket depth reduction of 4.21+1.18mm was recorded at the end of the study. A significant decrease in mobility and gingival index was observed. Conlusions: Bioactive glass is an efficacious treatment option for the reconstruction of intrabony periodontal defects as it led to statistically significant improvements in the clinical and radiographic parameters. KEY WORDS: Periodontitis; intrabony defects; regeneration, bioactive glass. 
Treatment of a skeletal Class II malocclusion with open bite: A Case Report
No full textManagement of an adult skeletal class II with vertical growth pattern is a challenging task. To achieve a good profile, a definite ortho surgical procedure has to be undertaken. This article describes the case report of a female who had a skeletal class II with a vertical growth pattern, a gummy smile and a deficient chin treated with anterior maxillary setback combined with genioplasty. The outcome of this treatment was pleasing at the same time very satisfying to the patient
Supplemental Primary Tooth: A Review & Report Of A Rare Occurrence
Get PDFSupernumerary teeth, is defined as teeth that exceed the normal dental formula, regardless of their location and morphology and can be found in almost any region of the dental arch both in the primary and permanent dentition. A Supplemental Tooth is a type of supernumerary tooth that is so well formed that it mimics a fully formed tooth. It usually appears distal to a lateral incisor. Its detection requires the careful counting and identification of each tooth in the dental arch. Although many theories have been proposed, the cause is poorly understood. World-wide, few studies have measured the prevalence in the primary dentition, and statistics quoted in the dental literature are inconsistent. While this discrepancy may be the result of a difference in detection, with primary teeth being more likely to be missing because of exfoliation or early extraction, it has also been postulated that disturbances in interactions between epithelium and mesenchyme, which affect tooth development, are less likely to occur in primary teeth because of the more stable environment prior to birth.This Paper Attempts to review the Occurrence of Supplemental Tooth in the Primary Dentition & report a rare Case of a Supplemental Maxillary Canine
Cytomorphometric Analysis of Oral Mucosa in Diabetic Patients in Bhopal Region an In-Situ Study
Get PDFBackground: Diabetes is a common endocrine metabolic disorder and prevalence is increasing worldwide. In condition like diabetes, premalignant lesions and iron deficiency anemia; oral exfoliative cytology may be more appropriate as the invasive techniques lose viability. Aim: The study was conducted to analyze the cytomorphometric changes in exfoliated cells of oral mucosa as an adjunct to diagnosis of diabetes. Method: Samples were collected from buccal mucosa and divided into 2 groups; 100 diabetic patients (study) and 100 healthy individuals (control). The smears were stained with rapid Papanicolaou stain (PAP). Nuclear area (NA), cytoplasmic area (CA) and cytoplasmic to nuclear ratio (CNR) were evaluated in 50 cells in each smear using Image analysis software (Magnus pro™) and research microscope (Lawrance & Mayo™). Results: Mean NA was significantly higher (p < 0.001) in study group whereas mean CA didn’t exhibit any statistically significant difference (p > 0.001). The mean CNR was significantly lower in study group (p < 0.001). Conclusion: Clinical observations and results suggested morphologic and functional alterations in oral epithelial cells in diabetic patients; detectable by microscopic and cytomorphometric analysis using exfoliative cytology and can be used in diagnosis.  
Dermatoglyphics-A New Diagnostic Tool in Detection of Dental Caries among Deaf and Mute Children
Get PDFIntroduction: Dermatoglyphics is the study of dermal ridge configurations on palmar and plantar surfaces of hands and feet. Dermal ridges and craniofacial structures are both formed during 6-7th week of intra-uterine life, therefore hereditary and environmental factors leading to dental caries may also cause peculiarities in fingerprint patterns. Objective: This study evaluates the dermatoglyphic peculiarities and caries experience of Deaf and Mute children. Design: A total of 100 school children aged 6-16 years were selected using purposive and simple random sampling. Their fingerprints were recorded with duplicating ink and caries experience was clinically assessed by dmft/DMFT index. Results: Mann-Whitney test revealed statistical association between whorl patterns and loop patters in caries and caries free group (P<0.001). The frequency of whorls was found to be more in caries group and the frequency of loops more in caries free group. Conclusion: Dermatoglyphics could be an appropriate method to explore the possibility of a non-invasive and an early predictor for dental caries and hearing impairment in children so as to initiate the preventive oral health measures at an early age
Zirconia in Restorative Dentistry: A review
Get PDFThe demand for metal free restorations in dental practice has increased mainly due to the strong esthetic demand and concern about metallic hypersensitivity. Zirconia as a bio-material has advantages over other ceramics because of its high mechanical strength and fracture toughness. These advantages are due to the transformation toughening mechanisms operating in their microstructure that can be manifested in components made out of them. The present article showcases the material properties and fabrication of zirconia and highlights on the biological safety and clinical implications
A Case Report of Enamel Hypoplasia
Get PDFAmelogenesis imperfecta (AI) represents a group of developmental conditions, genomic in origin, which affect the structure and clinical appearance of enamel of all or nearly all the teeth. The enamel may be hypoplastic, hypomineralised or both and teeth affected may be discolored, sensitive or prone to disintegration. The condition presents problems of socialization, function and discomfort but may be managed by early intervention, both preventively and restoratively, with treatment continued throughout childhood and into adult life. When an individual with amelogenesis imperfecta presents with malocclusion, it is an orthodontic concern as etching is compromised. Presented here is a case of AI treated in a multidisciplinary approach.