Toyo Eiwa University Repository / 東洋英和女学院大学学術リポジトリ
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Development of a Complaint-settling System in Kanagawa Prefecture : Focusing on Activities of a Network Model of Ombudsmen and a Thirdparty
Get PDFP(論文)In Kanagawa Prefecture, there are four types of complaint- settling groups,which are sometimes called "a third-party" or "ombudsmen," that deal withcomplaints made against social welfare institutions by those who use them. Based onthe nature of their organization the four types are: 1) those in cooperation with similarvoluntary welfare institutions, 2) those run by the government, 3) those based on anetwork in the community, and 4) private ones in partnership with government-runones. The purpose of this paper is to evaluate the merits and demerits of these groups,by looking into their origin and organization. The following points were found aschallenges facing the system of complaint settling: 1) to make it better-known to thepublic that there are places where they can make complaints against the institutions,and to increase the number of such places; 2) to establish a good relationship, witha certain amount of positive tension, between the groups and the institutions; 3) toclarify the roles of the groups; and 4) to make the groups work in cooperation.departmental bulletin pape
The Influence of Postmortem Care on the Concepts of Life and Death of Inexperienced Nurses : Thoughts on Facing the First Postmortem Care
Get PDFP(論文)In this article I examined the thoughts of inexperienced nurses in facing their first experience ofpostmortem care and considered the influence of that experience on their concepts of life and death.Ten inexperienced nurses participated in the interviews, which were semi-structured.Ten categories of thought were identified as a result of the analysis: denial; fear; sorrow; professionalregulations; astonishment; absent-mindedness; a feeling of kindness toward the dead person; satisfaction;the ideal image of a nurse; and feeling nothing. Especially, the thought of denial was experiencedby all participants, other than religious believers.The factors which influenced the thoughts of inexperienced nurses who were facing their firstpostmortem care included the following seven: little experience in facing death; the conditions of intervention;the time at which care was carried out; the content of the postmortem care; the concepts oflife and death held; professional regulations; and the senior nurse's attitude. It was clear that, in additionto concepts of life and death, the feeling of denial was strengthened.departmental bulletin pape
Child Health in Day-Nurseries and Day-Nursery Guidelines
Get PDFP(論文)On March 28, 2008, the Day Nursery Guidelines (hereafter "Guidelines") were revised. The authorwas fortunate to have the opportunity of participating in the work of revising the Guidelines threetimes, including this most recent time. This latest revision was conducted in accordance with a Ministerialnotice and involved not simple day nursery guidelines but their most basic functions. Regarding theGuidelines revised in such circumstances, this paper explains in particular the sections which have thedeepest connection with health and safety in day nurseries. It understands the meaning of children'shealth in day nurseries and on that basis discusses health and safety that is necessary practice in daynurseries.The Guidelines define "hoiku (day care)" as the integration of "nurture and protection" and "education."If one considers "education" from the viewpoint of child health, I would like to interpret it asthe provision of knowledge and skills to children as the maintenance and advance of the child's healthis established. On this basis, children can themselves learn to work at maintaining and advancing theirhealth.Child health in day nurseries is the realization of the support in child raising that is most sought byparents and families. The author hopes that the significance of the most recent revision will be properlyunderstood so that the care staff at day nurseries, especially the young care staff, will have a deepinterest in the health of children.departmental bulletin pape
One Child’s Understanding : A Description of Helen Keller’s First Encounters with Death
Get PDFHelen Keller (1880-1968) was called, “the greatest woman of our age,” by Winston Churchill. To this day, Keller’s rapid acquisition of language though deafblind, and the transforming effect the ability to use language had on her mental development continue to intrigue researchers. In this article, a brief introduction to Keller and her teacher Anne Sullivan first will be presented, together with an explanation of how Keller learned language and how her increasing use of language enhanced her ability to understand the world around her. Then, several passages taken from Keller’s autobiography that describe her gradual knowledge of abstract concepts and her first encounters with death will be presented and briefly discussed.departmental bulletin pape
The Advancement of African Americans in the U.S. Army Air Force : The Role Played by the Tuskegee Airmen
Get PDFP(論文)Although Black Americans had long served in the racially segregated United States Army prior to World WarII, there were no Black pilots in the Army Air Force (AAF) or its immediate predecessor, the Air Corps. TheAAF resisted previous efforts to enlist Black airmen with the claim that there were no Black pilots in theUnited States. Previous efforts to enlist Black airmen were met with the claim within the War Departmentand the AAF in general that Black Americans lacked the aptitude to be military pilots. It was not until thepassage of the Selective Training and Service Act of 1940 that the AAF, along with other military services,was required to enlist Black males in proportion to their percentage (about 10 percent) of the total population.According to Charles Dryden, Tuskegee Airmen were individuals who were involved in the so-calledTuskegee Experiment by the U.S. War Department to train Black Americans to fly and to maintain airplanesin flying condition, from 1941 to 1946, including persons stationed or employed at Tuskegee Army Air Fieldand / or Moton Field, in various roles and statures: flying officers, nonflying officers, nurses, aviation cadets,noncommissioned officers, enlisted men and women, and civilians. However, according to LeRoy Gillead, theperiod definition is not from 1941 to 1946, but from 1939 to 1949. It was in 1939 that Black Americans werepromoted in aviation through Public Law 18 and the Civil Pilot Training Act. Further, 1949 was the year inwhich many Tuskegee Airmen left Lockborne Air Force Base and were transferred to white Air Force Base.Black Soldiers in World War II had to fight against enemies overseas and discrimination within the UnitedStates. In 1939, there were 1359 white officers in the Army, but only 5 Black officers. Three were chaplainsand the other two were Benjamin Davis, Sr. and Benjamin Davis, Jr. Almost 1000 Black Americans finishedPilot Training. 450 Black Pilots and many Black Ground Supports went overseas in combat roles. TheTuskegee Airmen who remained in the United States fought against discrimination in incidents such as theFreeman Field Incident. The Tuskegee Airmen fought for the advancement of the status of Black Americans20 years before the Civil Rights Movement in the United States.departmental bulletin pape
Dream Analysis,Active Imagination, and Sandplay Therapy:Analytical Psychology in Practice
Get PDFP(論文)In this paper, I have examined three significant techniques of the AnalyticalPsychology, dream analysis, active imagination, and sandplay therapy. These techniqueswere analyzed from the viewpoint of the concept of "Creative Illness" which C.G. Jung, suffered from. Using the concept "Ego-self Axis", I have explained individuationas a self-realization process. Furthermore, I have argued that how the Latin termreligio can represent the nature of Jungʼs theory in practice.departmental bulletin pape
Teaching from the Learners' Perspectives
Get PDFP(論文)外国語教師が自ら外国語の学習者となり、外国語授業を体験すると、教師として教壇に立っていたときには思いもよらなかった新たな発見をすることが多い。本稿では、筆者自身がスペイン語学習者になった経験をもとに、教師の視点と学習者の視点の違いを洗い出し、視点の違いから生まれる要素が学習にどのような影響を及ぼすのかを考察した。その結果、学習に悪影響を与える要素の多くは、教師が学習者の認知的ニーズ(効果的な情報処理プロセスに必要な条件を満たすこと)を考慮していない点に起因することがわかった。そのような問題の解決策として、教師が教案作成時や授業時において、学習者の視点に立つ努力をすることを提唱する。When a language instructor becomes a student and participates in a languageclass, s/he notices things that s/he did not notice when teaching his/her own class.Based on his own experience as a student of Spanish, the author maintains that manyof the problems learners encounter in the classroom stem from the instructor's neglectof the learners' cognitive needs (i.e., failing to meet the conditions necessary forprocessing information effectively). After pointing out the link between the classroomproblems and findings from cognition research, the author claims that the best way toavoid these problems is to assume the perspectives of the learners when making lessonplans and executing these plans in the classroom.departmental bulletin pape
Research Report on the Work Career and Life Career of Toyo Eiwa University Alumnae
Get PDFP(論文)The main object of this paper is to investigate the work careers and life careersof Toyo Eiwa University alumnae, and to examine what influenced their decision makingand their feelings about their careers.The authors prepared an original sociological and opinion survey on all 2930alumnae, grouped according to their graduate years. The survey was conducted onan unregistered basis in July 2007. The questionnaires were mailed to the alumnaewhose graduate year is even. Seven hundred sixty two (25% ) of the alumnae respondedto the survey. The response rate was not high enough to come to any definite conclusionon the behavior of and thought concerning the career building of Toyo EiwaUniversity alumunae. However, the authors believe that it is very important to investigatethe results and report on findings that may be useful in reviewing and improvingcolledge education.The alumnae association of Toyo Eiwa University kindly allowed use of its listof members, and Hajime Sasaki, the head officer of the career section of Toyo EiwaUniversity, helped us to elaborate the questionnaires and to contact the alumnae.The paper consists of five sections: 1) the purpose of the study; 2) the report onthe entire survey; 3) the relation between the first job decision making and its results;4) the timing of retirement from the first job and life course; 5) the free opinion of thealumnae and some findings. Sections 1 and 2 were written by Hayashi; Section 3 waswritten by Hasegawa; Section 4 was written by Arita; Section 5 was written by Kawasaki.departmental bulletin pape