Toyo Eiwa University Repository / 東洋英和女学院大学学術リポジトリ
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Cross-Cultural Situation Awareness in Cognitive Linguistics: Negation and Affirmation Perspectives with Pedagogical Implications
Get PDFThis article investigates how native speakers of Japanese and English profile situational construal in the target world within the framework of “negation” versus “affirmation.” For instance, the Japanese expression kankeisha igai tachiiri kinshi (Donʼt enter if youʼre not an authorized person.) construes the situation negatively, whereas its English counterpart Staff Only frames it affirmatively as permission. Such differences in situational construal, shaped by underlying cultural and social value systems, raise important pedagogical questions concerning how they can be effectively taught and what educational significance such instruction entails.departmental bulletin pape
Collaboration with The Local Community and Cultivation Activities at Childhood Education and Care Teacher Training School：First yearʼs efforts in Fieldwork B (Nature)
Get PDFThis is a report on the cultivation activities in “Fieldwork B (Nature),” a course offered from the 2024 academic year, making the most of the rich natural environment that is a characteristic of this university. In this class, the cooperation of local people with expertise in cultivation ensured that the students, who had little experience in cultivation activities, were able to participate in a fulfilling activity. It was found that students gained experiential learning through observation during the cultivation activities. In addition, through the experience of interacting with the children and their parents, the students were able to learn important lessons from the perspective of training child caregivers, such as the preparation required of child caregivers and the planning and management of the dayʼs activities.departmental bulletin pape
An Examination of Asymmetry in Social Work, Focusing on Intersectionality: With Reference to Anti-Oppressive Social Work Practice (AOP)
Get PDFThe aim of this paper is to examine anew how social work should be through the use of Anti-Oppressive Social Work Practice (AOP), which has been introduced in Japan as well as a means to counter the paternalism. Multiple ‘not guilty’ sentences delivered in April, 2019, in Japan over sexual crimes are taken up in order to show how differences in people’s experiences affect their views and ways of thinking, which is also reflected on the different environment in which the privileged and the unprivileged are placed within the social structure.
As a result, AOP, which, by the use of intersectionality, requires scrutinization to make sure supporters are not reenacting a part of oppression, has been found to benefit them in assuming the role of being allies to their clients.departmental bulletin pape
The Potential of Public Libraries in Addressing Child Poverty: Insights from the “Childrenʼs Living Conditions Survey” in Tokyo
Get PDFThis paper examines the potential role of public libraries as a “third place” for children by analyzing the characteristics of those who use libraries after school. The study utilizes data from the “Childrenʼs Living Conditions Survey” conducted by municipalities in Tokyo, focusing on factors such as parental education, employment status, and the proximity of libraries to understand how these variables influence childrenʼs library use. Approximately 20% of elementary school students use public libraries after school, a proportion similar to that of children who use childrenʼs centers. Among children living within walking distance of a library, one in four frequently visits the library after school, indicating that easy access significantly contributes to higher usage rates. Parental socioeconomic status, particularly the education level and employment status of the mother, has a significant impact on library use. Children from households where the mother is highly educated, works part-time, or is a homemaker tend to use libraries more frequently. This finding contrasts with OECD data, which suggests that in many countries, children of parents with lower levels of education are more likely to visit libraries. The discrepancy highlights the unique social dynamics in Japan. Proximity to libraries plays a crucial role in promoting their use, especially for low-income families. While there is no significant difference between low- and high-income children those from low-income households who live within walking distance of a library are more likely to use it. Furthermore, children from immigrant families are also found to use libraries more when they are easily accessible. The study also explored the relationship between material deprivation, social connections, and library use. Contrary to expectations, lacking resources such as access to the internet or a space to do homework did not strongly correlate with higher library use. However, children experiencing social isolation or loneliness-such as those who eat dinner alone or have been bullied-are more likely to use libraries, suggesting that these spaces offer emotional comfort and a sense of belonging. These findings underscore the potential of public libraries to serve as more than just places for reading or studying. Libraries provide a safe, welcoming environment for children who may be facing social or economic challenges, especially those experiencing loneliness or isolation. Libraries offer discreet support, with staff available to assist or guide children without intruding on their privacy, making them ideal spaces for children who seek a quiet, non-intrusive environment. To enhance their role in addressing child poverty, improving access to libraries, particularly in rural areas where library availability is limited, is essential. By expanding library hours and improving accessibility, libraries could play a crucial role in enhancing childrenʼs overall well-being．departmental bulletin pape
Changes in Sub-Skills Scores with Training for Communication Skills: An Examination Using the Teamwork Competency Improvement Program
Get PDFTeamwork competency is an individual’s ability to perform teamwork, an activity that improves the quality of interactions and relationships within a team. Teamwork competency is demonstrated in team activity situations. According to some hypotheses, it constitutes a hierarchy of basic and applied skills. The acquisition of communication ability, basic teamwork competency skills, is assumed to affect the acquisition of applied skills. However, previous practice has left unclear the effect of communication ability sessions alone, since the sessions for the other applied sub-skills were conducted following the communication ability sessions.
The present study conducted training intended for female university students based on a teamwork competency improvement program. The training involved six weekly 90-minute sessions on communication ability. Nine female university students participated in this training. Participants were asked to complete a survey measuring teamwork competency sub-skills at three time points: before, after, and seven weeks after training. The results of a Friedman test conducted to examine the differences in sub-skill scores by survey period showed a significant difference in informational support skills (χ2(2)=8.40, p=.02). Multiple comparison confirmed significant difference between before and after training (p=.07, z=2.25, r=.80). Other sub-skills did not show significant results. In the open-ended comments on participants’ impressions of the training, it was clear that participants felt that they had learned much from the training but that they also found it difficult to apply their skills.
The lack of applied skills sessions in this study may have made it difficult for the participants to imagine specific situations in which they could apply their basic skills. When attempting to improve teamwork competency sub-skills, this study’s results underscore the necessity of holding preliminary steps before applying basic skills in actual interpersonal situations. They provide some material for examining the changes experienced by participants who only take part in communication ability sessions. However, further practical studies is needed to confirm the effectiveness of the communication ability sessions.departmental bulletin pape