Indonesian Center for Animal Research and Development : Scientific Journal of ICARD
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Feeding Local Fermented Feed on Performance and Carcass Percentage of Pekin Duck
No full textThis study aimed to examine the effect of local fermented feed using different level of probiotics on performance, carcass production and percentage of Pekin duck. The experiment used 96 one day old Pekin ducks divided into 4 ration treatments. Each treatment consisted of 4 replications and each replication consisted of six Pekin ducks. The treatments were R0: Local feed without fermentation; R1: Local fermented feed with 10 ml probiotic/L; R2: Local fermented feed with 12.5 ml probiotic/L; and R3: Local fermented feed with 15 ml probiotic/L. The observed variables included: live weight, carcass weight, carcass percentage. This research used Completely Randomized Design (CRD). The data obtained were analyzed by Analysis of Variance and continued by Duncan Test.The results showed that different level of probiotic in local fermented feed had no significant effect on live weight, carcass weight and percentage of eight weeks old Pekin duck carcass. The treatments did not show any significant effect on the average body weight and percentage of carcass cuts (chest, wings, thighs, and back). It was concluded that local fermented diet gave positive effect on Pekin duck carcass weight. Local fermented feed using 12.5 and 15 ml probiotics/L of water increased carcass weight of eight weeks old Pekin duck higher than the non-fermented feed
The Asia Climate Policy Hub: Prioritizing Climate Smart Livestock Interventions for Indonesia
No full textBoth climate change and population increase are putting pressure on natural resources, and livestock production must therefore become more and more efficient. CIAT has developed an action plan in five steps to ensure sustainable and profitable livestock production in Indonesia. First, climate smart livestock profiling provides an initial prioritization of climate smart technologies and identifies barriers to adoption and reviews the policy and institutional environment. A landscape approach is then used to characterize risk and vulnerability of livestock systems, and map promising techniques to particular landscape units. Third, climate smart villages piloting are established for contrasting agroecological zones, and participatory action research is used to test innovative and resource efficient production systems, both on a biophysical and economic point of view. This is followed by a cost-benefit analysis to assess economic costs and benefits for business-as-usual approaches compared to scenarios where climate-smart practices are adopted. Finally in the fifth step, CIAT develops with its country partners a climate smart investment plan, where potential impacts of the new practices on food security, water use and greenhouse gas emissions are modelled until 2050. The five steps action plan would allow Indonesia to increase profitability and efficiency of its livestock sector
Physical Quality of Multinutrient Blocks with Organic Mineral Source on Different Storage Time and Methods
No full textThe effect of different storage time and methods of multinutrient blocks (MNB) with organic mineral source were organoleptic physically investigated. Material used were fermented rice straw, molasses, urea, clamshell, bentonite, and salt. This study used a completely randomized design (CRD) factorial design (4×3) with three replications. The first factor was the storage time (0, 2, 4, and 6 weeks) and the second factor was the methods to keep the MNB (wrapped in clear plastic, unwrapped on an open tray and unwrapped on a closed tray). Parameters observed were sensory properties (color, flavor, texture, and contamination) and moisture contents. The results showed that there was interaction among storage time and the method of keeping the MNB. Storage time significantly affected (P0.05) MNB’s contamination and texture without any effect upon color and flavor of MNB. Multinutrient blocks stored unwrapped in open places provided good results up to week four. It can be concluded that keeping the MNB wrapped in clear plastic up to six weeks showed the best physically results compared to others
Effect of Agriculturaland Food Industry Byproducts on Pig Performance
No full textThe aim of this study was to analyze the potency of agricultural and food industry byproducts on pigs performance. The agricultural and food industry byproducts were collected from two traditional markets, five restaurants and fifteen small-scale food industries. The four treatments were Ration I: Combination of 75% agricultural and food industry byproducts and 25% commercial ration; Ration II: Combination of 50% agricultural and food industry byproducts and 50% commercial ration; Ration III: Combination of 25% agricultural and food industry byproducts and 75% commercial ration; Ration IV: 100% commercial ration. Rations I, II, and III were formulated based on dry matter basis with isoprotein and isoenergy concept. ADG, feed consumption and FCR were measured to determine the pig performance. Tabulation was used to analyse the data. The result of the research showed that there was no significant difference among treatments. It means that the use of agricultural and food industries’ wastes as the alternative components of pigs’ feed to substitute the commercial ration did not reduce pigs’ performance and production
Seroepidemiology of Brucellosis on Dairy Cattle in Small-Holders Farms, in West Java
No full textBrucellosis in cattle causing abortion and infertility in adult animals and the main causative agent is Brucella abortus. The objective of the study was to determine the seroprevalence and several putative factors in the occurrence of brucellosis among herds of dairy cattle in small holder farms. The study was carried out in the districts with high risk of brucellosis in dairy cattle production centers in Bandung regency, West Java Province. The sampling strategy in this study was risk-based surveillance. A total of 260 blood samples were collected from cows owned by farmers who have had a history of cow abortion and were suspected of having a risk of brucellosis. Serological examination of bovine serum with RBT and CFT tests were performed. True infection reactions cannot be distinguished from serological reactions caused by the Brucella abortus vaccine strain S19. Currently, B. abortus vaccine strain RB51 is being applied in Java islands for preventing of brucellosis in dairy cattle. Thus, the positive result of serological reaction test shows brucellosis reactor. The overall seroprevalence of brucellosis was found to be 15.77%. The finding of this study suggested that more than 50% abortion occurred at gestational age more than 5 months. The result indicated that there was a relationship between brucellosis seropositive and the incidence of abortion, in which the risk of brucellosis was 3.35 times more in cows that had experienced abortion than in cows that has not experienced abortion. Vaccination coverage was relatively low (44.11%), and prevented 3.1% of dairy cows against brucellosis. This study is essential for disease control and prevention measures. Further studies need to be carried out on the factors that influence the low efficacy of the RB51 vaccine in dairy cows
Genetic and Environmental Interaction for Small Ruminant Development to Improve the Economic Value
No full textSmall ruminants contribute very significantly to farmers' income in Indonesia. The productivity of small ruminants is affected by breed or genotype and by the environment. This paper discussed the effects of genetic factors and their interaction on the economic value of goat and sheep production. Research results have shown that livestock productivity is influenced by the management system (intensive and semi-intensive) as well as by season of birth. Level of infestation by internal parasites varies according to breed, sex, a group of birth and type of birth, and rearing. Generally, worm infestation in small ruminants fed on native pasture in the rainy season is higher than in the dry season. Choosing livestock suitable and adaptable with the environment is a recommended strategy to optimize livestock productivity, hence, increase farmers’ income and welfare
Inseminasi Buatan pada Kerbau Lumpur dengan Straw Kerbau Belang setelah dilakukasn Sinkronisasi Berahi dengan PGF2a
Get PDFInseminasi Buatan pada Kerbau Lumpur dengan Straw Kerbau Belang setelah dilakukasn Sinkronisasi Berahi dengan PGF2
Morfometri Burung Weris (Gallirallus torquatus) yang Dipelihara secara Ex Situ
Get PDFSuatu kajian biologi burung Weris (Gallirallus torquatus) telah dilakukan sebagai upaya memperbaiki daya hidup dan daya reproduksi burung Weris dalam penangkaran untuk mengatasi kepunahan satwa sebagai akibat adanya perusakan terhadap habitatnya, perburuan liar dan kurangnya kesadaran masyarakat akan arti pentingnya kelestarian alam dan lingkungan hidup. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menyelamatkan burung Weris dari kepunahan, mengkaji potensi burung Weris sebagai plasma nuftah Indonesia yang dapat dikembangkan dengan melihat aspek pertumbuhan dan perkembangan burung Weris yang dipelihara secara ex situ. Penelitian eksplorasi ini diarahkan untuk mengidentifikasi habitat alami dan lokasi pemukiman sehingga dapat dipelihara dalam kandang ex situ dan mengukur morfometri burung Weris. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa morfometri burung Weris dari setiap individu yang dipelihara secara ex situ memiliki ukuran yang bervarias
Pemberian Pakan Limbah Pertanian Hasil Fermentasi dengan Mikro Organisme Lokal (MOL) pada Sapi Penggemukkan
Get PDFPemberian Pakan Limbah Pertanian Hasil Fermentasi dengan Mikro Organisme Lokal (MOL) pada Sapi Penggemukka
Aplikasi Semen Cair Hasil Sexing Dengan Gradien Albumin Putih Telur Di Kabupaten Lumajang
Get PDFSalah satu bioteknologi reproduksi dapat mendukung peningkatan populasi adalah teknologi sexing. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengukur tingkat kesesuaian jenis kelamin pedet yang dihasilkan melalui inseminasi buatan menggunakan semen cair hasil sexing di Kabupaten Lumajang. Materi yang digunakan adalah sapi induk dengan SKT >2,5 sebanyak 60 ekor di kelompok ternak “Niki Mapan” Dusun Sumbersuko Kecamatan Sumbersuko, Kabupaten Lumajang. Sinkronisasi birahi dengan teknik inseminasi buatan menggunakan program ovsynch yaitu mengkombinasi injeksi hormon GnRH (hari ke-1 dan 10) dan prostaglandin (hari ke-8). Inseminasi buatan (fixed time artificial insemination) dilakukan pada hari ke-11. Pelaksanaan Inseminasi buatan adalah 30 ekor sapi betina di IB dengan spermatozoa X dan 30 ekor sapi betina di IB dengan spermatozoa Y. Spermatozoa X dan Y yang akan diaplikasikan merupakan hasil penelitian sexing dengan gradien putih telur 5%, 10% dan 15% menggunakan pengencer CEP-2. Sapi betina akan dilakukan IB lagi apabila menunjukkan birahi pada siklus selanjutnya (setelah sinkronisasi). Pemeriksaan kebuntingan dilakukan secara per rektal pada usia 2-3 bulan setelah perkawinan. Pengamatan kelahiran dan jenis kelamin pedet dilakukan setelah 9 bulan dari perkawinan (saat beranak). Parameter yang diukur adalah intensitas birahi, non return rate (NRR), service per conception (S/C), conception rate (CR) dan kesesuaian sex pedet. Data disajikan secara deskriptif. Kesesuaian jenis kelamin pedet hasil Inseminasi buatan menggunakan spermatozoa hasil sexing, pada spermatozoa Y mencapai 71,4% menghasilkan pedet jantan, sedangkan spermatozoa X mencapai 50% menghasilkan pedet betina