European Online Journal of Natural and Social Sciences (ES)
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Economic Determinants Affecting Terrorism in case of Pakistan: An ARDL Bounds Testing Approach to Co–integration
Get PDFThis study aims to examine the economic determinants affecting terrorism and its impact on Pakistan. The time series data over the time span from 1986 to 2015 has been utilized. The impact is measured methodically under the factors like inflation, growth of economy, unemployment, openness of trade, using an autoregressive distributed lag model. The factors showed co-integration. From the results of this study a negative relationship between the terrorism and economic growth of Pakistan has been found to exist in short and long run. On the basis of empirical findings, the study further recommends that there was negative impact of the terrorism on economic growths, so to achieve a higher rate of economic growth the government must make effective policies and take actions accordingly to reduce all forms of terrorism
The Relationship between Knowledge Management Practices and Organizational Performance: Evidence from Banking Sector of Southern Punjab, Pakistan
Get PDFThe main objective of this study is to empirically investigate the relationship between knowledge management practices and organizational performance in the banking sector of districts of Punjab, Pakistan. Target population of the study was all the employees providing customer services of all banks located in the districts of Punjab province of Pakistan. Simple random sampling was used to select an appropriate and truly representative sample. Sample size of this research was 306 and out of 306 questionnaires, 291 were useful for the purpose of this research and hence making our response rate 95%. The reliability of data was tested by Cronbach’s alpha and regression analysis was used for testing of hypotheses. All the hypotheses of the study were accepted which stated that information technology, organizational elements and knowledge have positive relationship with organizational performance and further this relationship was statistically significant. This study has been conducted in the banking industry which bars to generalize the results of this research to other business settings. The findings of this kind of study are possibly useful to decision making bodies within the Banking services and it is also helpful for the government policy makers to develop policies for the better operations of banking sector with the aim of growing banking industry. This study makes a contribution in knowledge management literature by empirically investigating the impact of knowledge management practices on organizational performance
Investigation of the Determinants and Consequences of Employee Motivation: PLS Approach
Get PDFThis study examines the mediating influence of employee motivation on the relationships among performance appraisal satisfaction, work performance and employee commitment. To ensure this mediating influence the textile sector of Faisalabad was studied. Participants of this research were 450 employees of different organizations of textile sector who were selected via convenient sampling. Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) through PLS were used for data analysis. Results of this study indicate that there is positive and significant relationship among studied variables
(Review Article*) Non Profit Organizations on the Protection and Promotion of Women’s Rights: Albanian Case
No full textCivil society organizations, since 1990 and beyond the Kosovo crisis in 1998, found a favorable environment in Albania to create an important pillar on promoting, recognizing, guaranteeing, preserving and improving the citizen's rights. As the first organizations centered on women’s and their rights, they became the protagonists of many awareness-raising campaigns, advocacy, and lobbying actions, in improving the situation and creating legal instruments to help them. They found and filled the gaps created by the lack or inability of State, national and local authorities, to provide a wide range of social services by giving them an important elite role. This article tries to provide a picture of how civil society has evolved in Albania and more on, its role in social and economic changes. Actions are undertaken by women's NGOs over the years and their contribution to improving the situation of gender equality and domestic violence in Albania. New forms of public-private partnership and some of the survival challenges faced by women's organizations nowadays, will be another reflection in this paper
Horizons of Neuromarketing in Consumer Behavior
Get PDFIn the current study, the data of last researches in the field of neuroscience and memory evolution have been presented, keeping in view the fundamental developments of neuromarketing learning and cognitive behavior. Understanding the essential mechanisms behind customer shopping behaviors and the approach that marketing affects such actions are the essential concerns that need more research. The progression is primarily compelled by the belief that the utilization of neuroscientific approaches will add supplementary evidence to existing concepts and theories. Providentially, marketing investigation can significantly benefit from methodological progress in the field of neurosciences. The contributions of this study to the literature are to investigate the multiple and conflicting criteria of neuromarketing technology evaluation. Significant avenues of the research are what usually meant by neuromarketing, which is the concept that can be employed to understand brain neural functions and physiological measurements to advance the forecast of future marketing success and further what is gained by the non-physiological measurements
SEM Estimates: The Long-term Analysis of Pakistan's Electricity Demand and Supply Gaps
Get PDFThe electricity consumption has vital implications for economic development of any country. The study at first looks into the inter-associations of electricity demand and electricity supply for the case of Pakistan. Later, it analyzes their impacts on GDP growth in Pakistan, using structural equation modeling for a time series data of forty-five years in Pakistan. We recommend that electricity supply can momentously enhance economic growth measured by Gross Domestic Product (GDP). Results of the study predicted that electricity supply in Pakistan was empirically proven to be demand driven. Adding to it, evidences were also found which predicted that electricity demand greatly depends upon electricity prices and urbanization. Lastly, it was found that electricity supply has a positive impact on GDP, which calls for policy implication to not only boast electric energy sector but also to increase its production and manage distribution losses and thefts
Spelling Errors Among Online Learners in the Moderated Discussion Board: A Case Study of Virtual University of Pakistan
Get PDFThe study investigates the errors among online learners and their probable causes in the Moderated Discussion Board (MDB) of Virtual University of Pakistan (VUP). The main objective of the MDB is to invite comments from students on a given topic; students place their comments within a given time limit and get graded accordingly. Misspelling is a natural and common phenomenon among the second language (L2) learners. However, due to the availability of spell check software options, misspellings should get minimized in online discussions. For the present study, the spelling mistakes committed by the graduate students of Business English (ENG201) course were analyzed. The findings demonstrated many types of spelling mistakes including inconsistent rules, ambiguous words, vowel substitutions, consonant substitutions, space inaccuracy, inflectional endings, double consonants, consonant omissions, vowel omissions, tense mistakes and letter reversals. Some of the causes explored were quick and direct typing on the interface, keyboard adjacency and not using the spell check software. The results revealed that major spelling mistakes were due to the lack of inappropriate guidance, insufficient practice and lack of adequate awareness about inflectional morphology. Some recommendations to improve spelling mistakes either on students end or through teaching techniques have been suggested at the end
Impact of Organizational Politicking on Occupational Stress, Workplace Incivility and Impression Management in Higher Education sector of Quetta, Pakistan
Get PDFThe purpose of this study is to examine the relationship of organizational politicking with occupational stress, workplace incivility and impression management among the employees and instructors of universities of Quetta, Pakistan which included four major universities that is Sardar Bahadur khan women’s university, Alhamd Islamic university, university of Balochistan and BUITEMS. For this study, 111 completed surveys were obtained from various personnel using convenience sampling. In addition, the method employed for this research was quantitative. Correlation and regression analyses were then conducted using SPSS in order to determine the relationship between variables. As a result of the study, it was found out that organizational politics had a significant positive relationship with occupational stress, workplace incivility and impression management. Hence, increase in organizational politicking would enhance occupational stress in employees more as compared to workplace incivility. Furthermore, organizational politicking is important to some extent to develop impression management of employees and to secure their interest in the organization
Utilization of Expired Calcitriol as an Eco-friendly Corrosion Inhibitor on the Copper Metal in the Aerated Acidic Environment
Get PDFCorrosion inhibition mechanism of expired Calcitriol as a nontoxic corrosion inhibitor on the copper in the aerated 5 M HCl solution was thoroughly examined via weight loss (mass loss), Tafel plot (potentiodynamic polarization), AC impedance spectroscopy and surface topography techniques. Weight loss (mass loss) confirms the good corrosion protection efficiency of expired Calcitriol drug on the copper surface in 5 M HCl solution. Tafel plot study reveals the anodic type corrosion inhibition property of expired Calcitriol in the studied system. AC impedance spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) reveals the formation of an invisible compact layer on the copper electrode in 5 M HCl solution
Effect of Teachers’ Competencies on Scholars’ Academic Achievement and Satisfaction
Get PDFThe current research paper is an attempt to investigate the effect of teachers’ competencies on academic achievement and satisfaction of MPhil students. Effect is a change which is a result or consequence of an action or other cause. Obtaining students’ satisfaction and academic achievement as a result of teachers’ competencies is one of the prime objectives of higher educational institutions. Institution failing to get the desired competencies among the learners effect their reputation and students’ intake in future. The academic performance of low performer scholars resulted in quitting the degree. This study employed quantitative approach to test the hypotheses. Forty MPhil scholars from GC University Faisalabad were the sample of the study using census survey. Self-developed research instrument, Teachers’ Competencies and Scholars’ Satisfaction Scale (TCSSS) with Alpha value .954 were used for survey to collect data. The achievement score was scholars’ final test score in the semester. The teachers’ competence indicators were teacher’s content knowledge, presentation skills, students’ teacher interaction and modes of assessment. T-test, Pearson r, and ANCOVA were used for data analysis. The results showed that teacher’s knowledge of subject contributed to scholars’ satisfaction and achievement. Female scholars rate the teachers more competent than their male fellows. It was recommended that the scholars’ performance may be improved by using additional class tests and worksheets