European Online Journal of Natural and Social Sciences (ES)
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Developing Integrated Continuous Improvement Model for Competitiveness of Ethiopian Automotive Industry
Get PDFThe purpose of this study is to examine the relationship and difference among the continuous improvement tools such as just in time (JIT), total quality management (TQM), and lean six sigma (LSS). It also emphasizes these variable implementations and practices for competitiveness and achievement of integrated model development with common and unique success factors for a company's better competitiveness. Besides, it provides a case application evaluation of the model with the Bishoftu Automotive industry. Comparative study of TQM, JIT, LSS uses available literature critical analysis and knowledge of state of the art for competitive advantage. An in-depth analysis showed that a continuous improvement (CI) approach is necessary for the survival of industries in the dynamic and competitive market. Firms have employed CI strategies such as TQM, JIT, and LSS. However, most studies have demonstrated that factors concerning distinct approaches have advantages and limits in their situation. The integrated method would lead to the best competitive organization and resolve the shortcomings of each CI program. A thorough review of quality management (QM) methodology offers some possible explanations of why specific methods alone could not give an enterprise an absolute competitive advantage. This study, therefore, established an integrated model using the most commonly recognized variables by most research findings and practices. The research is exceptional in its scope by giving an insight into the advancement of CI and quality management in the context of an integrated model and introduced two new factors on existing CI factors
Can ‘Reward and Punishment’ Improve Student Motivation?
Get PDFLearning activities in the classroom will be effective if students are actively involved and enthusiastic in learning. However, effective learning cannot be implemented due to many factors, such as a lack of student motivation. A lack of motivation has been one of the most frustrating obstacles to student learning by teachers. This study identifies the effect and role of reward and punishment by teachers in improving student motivation during classroom learning. This study used an experimental method. Two eleven classes were randomly selected as the experimental class and the control class. This experiment was carried out on Indonesian subjects in a public school in South Lampung, Indonesia. The learning motivation indicators used in the questionnaire include the desire to succeed, the motivation and need for learning, future hopes and aspirations, rewards in learning, interesting learning activities, and a conducive learning environment. Data were analyzed using the instrument test and Theta correlation coefficient test. The results showed that the implementation of reward and punishment had a positive effect on student motivation. The reward and punishment method engages students to be active in various activities, giving rewards as appreciation and punishment as a trigger not to fail, resulting in increased learning motivation. Teachers can use the findings of the current study as a reference and a way to improve student motivation for effective and meaningful learning
Tourism Enterprises Job Opportunities: The Roles and Challenges for Sustainable Tourism Development in Amhara National Regional State, Ethiopia
Get PDFThis study focused on examining the roles of tourism enterprises in relation to job opportunities and the challenges faced for sustainable tourism development. The study used descriptive research design and mixed research approach. The target population of the study were tourists community representatives, souvenir shop employees, tour guides, culture and tourism employees, travel agents, transport service providers and government officials. The data gathering tools were questionnaire survey, key informant interview, field observation, Focus Group Discussion (FGD) and literature review. Both probability and non-probability sampling techniques were applied for sample size determination. To the questionnaire survey, 400 tourists were participated and 385 returned. Quantitative data was analysed with the help of SPSS version 20. Qualitative data was analyzed by using thematic analysis with identification of common themes. The result revealed that major roles played by tourism enterprises include: promote good image, encourage participate in conservation, creating sense of ownership, diversifying the livelihood of locals and reinforcement of environmental quality. However, the creation of job opportunities by tourism enterprises were hindered by different major challenges specifically; seasonality of jobs created in tourism, lack of coordination among enterprises, political instability affecting visitors, lack of appropriate training for employees and poor organizational structure of enterprises. So different concerned stakeholders should work in cooperation to minimize the challenges faced to tourism enterprises
Effectiveness of the Campus FM Radios for the Promotion of Formal Education and Awareness among Pakistani Youths
Get PDFThe purpose of this study is to determine whether the mottos of public sector universities effect the transmission of campus radio. The researcher is intended to know under the light of social responsibility theory whether these universities are using these radios for training of students merely or they are using them as a source to transmit their motto among students alongside. Also, does the content following the principles set forth by these universities in their slogans? For the purpose of in-depth inquiry, the researcher hypothesized that universities FMs are influenced by their motto and they are transmitting certain type of content. The researcher also hypothesized that the campus radios of formal education-based universities are less influenced by the motto and vice versa. The bi-angulations method was used to test the hypothesis. Interviews of famous radio personalities were conducted to know the real purpose of campus radios and content analysis of respective radios’ content to learn more about the nature of their transmission. Finally, the researcher found that the campus radios are providing training to students but they do not promote the motto of their universities. For reliability of research, statistical tests were used for accurate calculation of facts. K-sample t-test was applied to cross analyze the study. In the end, all hypothesis set forth by researcher were approved in the end. This study suggests future researcher to analyze other campus radios stations of Pakistan and extend the scope of the study to overall community broadcast in Pakistan
Confirmatory Factor Analysis in Studying Emotional Intelligence and Organizational Citizenship Behavior in Commercial Bank of Ethiopia, Gondar city branches
Get PDFThe aim of this study was to investigate the effect of Emotional Intelligence (EI) on employee’s organizational citizenship behavior (OCB) in Commercial Bank of Ethiopia, Gondar Brunch. The study was used more of quantitative research approach and Explanatory research design. The primary data was collected through a questionnaire adopted from prior literatures. Questionnaire was distributed to 400 employees working in Commercial Bank of Ethiopia selected by using census method. The questionnaire was measured by using five-point Likert scale and the data was analyzed by using SPSS with its extended version of AMOS software. Both descriptive and inferential statistical tests were used. Based on the questionnaire data, the study concluded that the constructs of Emotional Intelligence such as self-awareness, self-management, social awareness and relation management accounted for 44.1 % of variance in OCB. The study also used Confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) to test the measurement model and its fitness. The CFA result revealed that the measurement model was reasonably fit to measure emotional Intelligence constructs and OCB in banking sector. In addition, the study concluded that the constructs used in this study were valid and appropriate to measure EI and OCB. Furthermore, the study has guaranteed the adequacy of convergent and discriminate validity. In connection, the study also proved that EI affected OCB positively and significantl
Impact of Social Networks on Entrepreneurial Success of Mobile Phone Retailers
Get PDFThis paper attempted to explore the impact of advice, adversarial network, and friendship networks degree centrality on the entrepreneurial success of mobile phone retailers. The total sample consisted of 199 entrepreneurs in Quetta city. Data were collected using a partly borrowed questionnaire of 19 items (13 for achievement 6 for business success). The results of the hierarchical regression analyses showed that there was a positive relationship between friendship and advice network degree and a negative significant relationship between entrepreneurial success and adversarial network degree. So, supportive social networks play a vital role in entrepreneurial success, where rivalry network centrality disrupt entrepreneurial success. If the entrepreneurs have a higher social network those entrepreneurs are successful in the market
Performance of Governance in Pakistan and The Causes of its Crisis
Get PDFThe surge of focus in governance emerged in the late nineties and since then, its elements are being put into a wider scope and analyzed for better management, administration and policy making of a country. The area of governance has been expanded and interpreted variedly by different researchers. Nevertheless, Good Governance is deemed as a perquisite for better development. This paper focuses on the performance of the governance and the long-neglected causation of the issues that are prevailing in the governance of Pakistan. The data for understanding governance performance in Pakistan are taken from World Bank from 1996-2018. The data are taken into consideration to better understand the current governance crisis of Pakistan. Furthermore, causes of governance issues have been highlighted and explained in the political, socio-economic and administrative domains. The causes have been presented by the analysis of the performance data gathered and the literature reviewed. The data from The Global Competitive Index of World Economic Forum (WEF) are also taken into consideration to understand the existing conditions of governance in Pakistan and to better understand the causes of the crisis
Quality Business Letters of Higher Education Institution Faculty Members: Content Material Evaluation
Get PDFThis study focuses on quality business letters of the faculty members of a higher education institution in terms of unity, coherence, correctness in terms of grammar and punctuation, completeness, and conciseness. The researcher utilized content analysis research technique that deals with available documentary materials. She also employed purposive sampling technique where respondents were chosen based on these criteria: respondents should be faculty members of an HEI and have written an outgoing business letter. Also, the researcher used quota sampling where she set it to fifty (50) everyday letters and memoranda. Findings revealed one (1) error occurrence in terms of unity where a letter did not relate every sentence in the paragraph. In addition, there were seven (7) errors committed in terms of coherence, specifically in pronoun reference usage (2) and logical order of ideas (5). While in terms of correctness in grammar, there were forty-one (41) errors found, whereas, eighteen (18) errors were discovered in punctuation usage. Further, eight (8) errors were located in terms of completeness while twenty (20) errors occurred in terms of conciseness. Overall, there were ninety-five (95) errors uncovered across all sampled business letters. It was concluded that respondents do not have serious problems in achieving unity, however, there is a need to revise their letters to attain logical order of ideas. They also have difficulty in achieving grammar correctness, have confusion in using appropriate punctuation, and have failed to achieve completeness of the information. Thus, the researcher recommends to conduct training-workshops on technical and/or business letter writing, encourages the faculty to seek help from colleagues for revision, and urges faculty to read reputable references concerning business correspondence used in the Philippine setting
Perspectives on College Students Demotivation Factors for Learning English Language
Get PDFDemotivation is subject of vital interest for second language researchers because it is linked with academic success of students directly indirectly. This study purpose was to determine demotivation factors that influence effective English language learning of students. 200 college students (100 males and 100 female) from 2 colleges participated in this study. Random sampling method research technique was employed. Data collection instrument was questionnaire. Sakai & Kikuchi (2009) demotivation questionnaire was adopted to collect data from respondents. Questionnaire contained 35 close-ended items based on demotivation factors for instance, ‘teacher, class characteristics, experiences of failure, class environment, class materials, and lack of interest’. Data were tested through Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS, 23.0) software. Findings exhibited that significant differences in terms of ‘class material and lack of interest’ were noted in first and second year college students. However, ‘experiences of failure, class environment and class materials’ recorded low scores. Study insights would be useful for effective English language learning in Pakistan
Heritage Conservation Practices and Challenges of Debre Yibabie Bale Egziabher Church in Janamora-Ethiopia
Get PDFHeritage resources are being converted into destinations and attractions to obtain economic benefits from tourism throughout the world. The interference between heritage and tourism is extremely complex. Stakeholders interpret heritage in a variety of ways for different purposes. Ethiopia is gifted with a lot of cultural and natural heritage as tourist attraction areas. The Amhara region has many age-old rock hewn churches and other heritage sites which need conservation and protection from any dangers. The main objective of this study is to assess the heritage conservation practices and challenges of Debre Yibabie Bale Egziabher church in Janamora, Ethiopia. The study has been conducted by using a descriptive type of research design with a qualitative research approach. The researchers used the sample population of the study area through a purposive sampling technique. So, the participants in the study were the religious leaders, clergy, deacons, and knowledgeable elders in relation to the study area. Local government leaders as well as tourism experts were the target groups for the study to gather information about the church. The researcher has used research instruments to collect information like primary data via observations, interviews, focus group discussions, and reviews of secondary data sources. Moreover, the data Analysis of this research is conducted by categorizing, describing and interpreting the data collection from observation, participant detail interviews, focus group discussion, document and textual analysis and photographic data on the basis of thematic analysis. Furthermore, the researchers have identified the heritage conservation practices and challenges that have made a meaningful recommendation to reduce them. Preservation and maintenance have begun by the government and locals, yet the involvement of key actors is still very poor. On the other hand, due to age, environmental deterioration, improper handling of moveable treasures, lack of finance, deforestation, and lack of stakeholder integration, have been major challenges for the sites. Therefore, the researcher tried to recommend that the Church needs to get better protection and care. They need to be relieved of their problems and threats, so stakeholders should play their roles in an organized and integrated manner, unless otherwise it will become difficult