International Review of Humanities Studies (IRHS)
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ABANG-NONE AS AN ATTEMPT OF THE GOVERNMENT TO INTRODUCE THE BETAWI CULTURE TO THE WORLD
Full text linkThe Abang and None Competition is a media of the DKI Jakarta Tourism Office to introduce Betawi culture to the world. Betawi culture is the pride of the people of Jakarta, namely as the identity of the main area within the scope of its society. The competition has various functions, not only as entertainment but also as a medium for promoting Jakarta tourism. This has various problems, including the lack of knowledge about Jakarta. Most people outside Jakarta only know Jakarta to be the capital of Indonesia. They do not have any knowledge about the authentic and unique culture of Jakarta that emerged because the interaction of people from various regions living there. With the presence of the Abang and None Competition, it is hoped that they will be able to raise the slogan "Enjoy Jakarta" to become increasingly popular and can attract outsiders to want to visit Jakarta. So what does the government expect to achieve through the competition? How does the government plan to use the Competition to promote Betawi culture internationally? This article will discuss those efforts and how effective they are. Qualitative descriptive methods will be the key in this research.KEYWORDS : Abang-None, Betawi Culture, Enjoy Jakarta, Jakarta Touris
“I STAND ON THE RIGHT SIDE”: A WAR OF SOCIAL MEDIA AVATARS IN THE 2014 INDONESIAN PRESIDENTIAL ELECTION CAMPAIGN
Full text linkThe development of social media in the realm of democracy through internet technology has been used by numerous groups for various purposes. A number of software programs with their applications make it easier for someone to produce countless content on social media. One of the functions of such programs is to create different images in relation to the 2014 Indonesian presidential election. In the 2014 presidential election, there was a rivalry between the two groups of voters who attacked each other using various image products through social media. Those supporting Joko Widodo (Jokowi) created a campaign image in the form of an avatar template containing the number “2” with the words "I Stand on the Right Side". The image then went viral and was responded to by the voters for the presidential candidate Prabowo Subianto with a variety of contending images. This research documents and analyzes the various images created and circulated during the 2014 Indonesian presidential election, as well as reconstructing the conflict between the two groups of voters in the presidential election in the context of Indonesian democracy, which was still in its development. Data was collected from various websites and social media from May to October 2017. This research was conducted through historical methods. Meanwhile, in examining the various images, this research used a visual communication approach to graphic design.KEYWORDS: Avatar Meme, Presidential Campaign, Social Medi
REFINING THE NATIONALISM: CLASSICAL “VERSUS” CONTEMPORARY NATIONALISM
Full text linkThe resurgence of nationalism in the shape of neo-nationalism and right-wing political parties in Europe and the United States at the end of the twentieth century, followed by similar tendencies in other parts of the world, raises the question of why nationalism is regaining favor again. According to classical nationalism viewpoint, the nationalism term is used to conceptualize the nation-state as the modern state formation that emerged since the 18th century. Though it retains the same ambiguity as classical nationalism, the rise of neo-nationalism in contemporary politics is intriguing and increases interest in studying nationalism, which fails to distinguish between state-nationalism (statist nationalism) and cultural-nationalism (cultural nationalism), each with its own vision and ideals It is also necessary to define the differences between the two types of nationalism, including the debates over Geerzt and Sidel about the future of nationalism in post-colonial countries.KEYWORDS: Nationalism, nation-state, contemporary culture, Indonesi
INDONESIA’S OWN ‘PYRAMID’: THE IMAGINED PAST AND NATIONALISM OF GUNUNG PADANG
Full text linkA narrative commonly found within the discourse of nationalist archaeology is the polemic of ideology at the expense of empiricism. There are many examples of the manipulation of archaeological data in the service of the state’s nationalist or imperialist ideology, and such efforts produce narratives in which archaeology is treated as inherently apolitical. This paper explores the interactions between and within multiple stakeholders –the state, archaeologists, and the media – and their roles in the construction of national myths, and their consequences for local populations. It highlights recent controversies surrounding the re-interpretation of the megalithic site of Gunung Padang in Western Java, Indonesia. The case of Gunung Padang offers an opportunity to observe how national myths are both constructed and contested in recent times. This paper argues that the intersections between archaeology and popular media contributed to a skewed understanding of the past and generated specific categories of acceptable national myths which, in turn, directed nationalistic research
REPRESENTATIONS OF FOREIGNERS AND JAPANESE NATIONAL IDENTITY AT THE 1964 OLYMPICS IN IDATEN
Full text linkThe 2020 Olympics are not Tokyo's first experience of hosting the Games. Previously, the city hosted the 1964 Olympics. This historical background generated nostalgia for the 1964 Olympics ahead of the 2020 Olympics. The 1964 Olympics are remembered for exposing Japanese society to various interactions with foreigners, which eventually provided the setting for expressions of Japanese national identity through comparisons between "us" (Japanese) and "them" (foreigners). In this sense, representations of foreigners, and their roles as essential elements of Japanese national identity discourse, have been the integral parts of 1964 Olympics nostalgia. Ahead of the 2020 Olympics, numerous popular culture forms depicting the 1964 Olympics were produced in Japan. One notable work was the television drama IDATEN Orimupikku Banashi (hereafter: IDATEN), broadcast by the Japan Broadcasting Corporation (NHK) from January-December 2019. The drama depicted Japan's Olympic movement from the 1912 to 1964 Olympics and featured a wide variety of foreign characters. IDATEN's portrayal of the 1964 Olympics features not only foreign countries widely represented in Japanese popular culture, such as the US, but also less featured countries such as Indonesia and the Republic of the Congo. This article analyzes depictions of these three nations to examine critically the role of representations of foreigners in Japanese national identity discourse within the drama. It argues that as a drama produced ahead of the 2020 Olympics IDATEN signifies the aspirations of 21st century Japan rather than reflecting the actual situation during the 1964 Olympics, especially in how it portrays Japan through the country’s relations with other countries
SCHIZOPHRENIC AUDITORY AND VISUAL HALLUCINATIONS IN THE POEM “DU PYEON-EUI JUGEUM”
Full text linkAlthough the mental health issue is often brought up as an interesting discussion topic for these past few years, negative stigmas towards people with psychological disorders, especially schizophrenia, still exist within society. However, by expressing self-acceptance and innermost thoughts in her poetry, Choi Seung-Ja succeeded in breaking the stigmas and lived her life as a schizophrenic poet. Based on this fact, this research aims to unfold the meaning of the auditory and visual hallucinations shown in Choi Seung-Ja’s poem entitled “Du Pyeon-eui Jugeum” and to explain the motives behind the creation of the schizophrenic aspects. In order to achieve these goals, this research was carried out in three stages: reading stage; reconciliation stage; interpretation stage, through expressive psycho-literary approach. The result was obtained by associating the poem’s sensory imageries with theories related to schizophrenia disorder, the poet’s life history, and historical events. The findings show that “Du Pyeon-eui Jugeum” reflects Choi Seung-Ja’s notion which doesn’t portray death merely as a beginning of destruction but also as a gateway to self-restoration and catharsis. Furthermore, hallucinations were used not only to develop the poem’s imageries but were also used to project the feelings and the external aspects of the poet
THE TEMPEST FROM COLONIAL AND POSTCOLONIAL LENS
Full text linkThe paper focuses on how the colonizers who in this play are Prospero and Miranda in particular, endeavor to inflict their own socio-cultural precept including their language to make the colonized fully unprotected in The Tempest as a colonial play, but eventually fail to fulfill this attempt. In addition, the high importance of learning the language of the colonizer by the colonized gets illuminated which finally contributes to Caliban so as to undermine the roots of the colonizer in the colony. This article fully evaluates affected literary works by The Tempest, the importance of transferring the colonizer’s language to the colony, and the main colonizer and his manners and attitudes towards the colonized; it also brings forth postcolonial concepts including Mimicry, Orientalism, the double consciousness of the colonized and his unhomeliness. Furthermore, it features the dirge situation of mimic men who come across a disappointing dead end from both colonizers and the colonized. After all, this article reflects on the ever-presence of ambivalence and mimicry in colonial discourse and also the vital importance of violence as an inseparable part of the decolonization.KEYWORDS: Colonialism, Postcolonialism, Ambivalence, Mimicry, Language, Violenc
THE IMPACT OF BLACK FEMALE INFLUENCERS ON TRANSNATIONAL KOREAN BEAUTY: A CASE STUDY OF TWO BLACK BEAUTY VLOGGERS
Full text linkThe trend of Korean beauty has started to gain attention from international countries as the phenomenon of Korean wave a.k.a. hallyu has spread globally. The concept of Korean beauty itself is known to be highly associated with having fair skin. Nevertheless, the popularity of Korean skin care products and cosmetics has drawn not only fair skin women, but also women with dark skin. Although their dark skin colour does not fit the concept of K-beauty, they devotedly follow the trend. Two of them are YouTube black female influencers, Darcei Amanda and Kennie JD, who like to create contents related to Korean beauty. Their contents on Korean make up look and fashion style has influenced Korean beauty industry to become aware of the demand and needs of dark-skinned women. Some scholars have addressed the influence of hallyu on cultural hybrization. Woongjae Ryo (2009) Korean wave is an indication of the new global and local transformation. Agustina and Lukman (2017) mainly discusses the hybrid cultures developed by Indonesian beauty vloggers who persistently use halal-certified Indonesian cosmetics to acquire the Korean look. Jin and Yoon (2016) social media platforms and fans' interactions have increased the spread of Korean wave. beauty influencers, Charlotte (2017) discovered about the influence of beauty vloggers on consumer-buying intention. Hence, this paper aims at exploring how these female vloggers use their platform to give impact on the phenomenon of Korean beauty. The research findings revealed that these black beauty vloggers managed to influence the Korean beauty industry to be more inclusive.KEYWORDS: Korean beauty, local concept, inclusivity, black influencer, YouTub
KI HAJAR DEWANTARA’S ACTIONS AND THOUGHTS: THE NORMS AND VALUES OF MODERN INDONESIAN EDUCATION
Full text linkKi Hadjar Dewantara is synonym with Indonesian education. His thoughts and actions became the foundation of modern Indonesian education system. His famous slogan is Tut Wuri Handayani, which means following from behind by influencing. That is, do not try to pull students from the front. Children who are still learning should be left to find their own way. This slogan reflects his eclectic education philosophy, derives from his understanding and contemplation on Eastern tradition and Western scholarship.This article is an attempt to trace back the origins of the norms and values, by presenting the actions and thoughts of Ki Hadjar Dewantara in its context. The family and cultural backgrounds gave him the foundation of his self-awareness as a subject in a colonial society. The impact of his mixed education, and social and political condition of this colonial period were significant factors that has moulded Ki Hadjar’s political awareness and outlook. By looking into the actions and thoughts of Ki Hadjar Dewantara, we might find expositions on how an Indonesian subject interact with his world and ideals in a unique period of the history of Indonesia, and the origins behind the philosophy and ideals that shaped Indonesian education
LAOS NATIONAL IDENTITY CHANGE IN PERSPECTIVE OF RE-ORIENTALISM: A CASE STUDY OF THE 2020 LAOS NATIONAL TOURISM VIDEO
Full text linkThe formation of national identity by the Lao government has been unsuccessful due to globalization since 2000. The Lao government realized this and decided to shift its focus to the economic dimension as a means to unite the Lao people. In the 2000s, the West had a major influence on Laos representation, but after the 2008 economic crisis in the United States, Laos prioritize the trade with China and South Korea. As the global economic environment changed, Laos needed to attract the attention of Asian tourists. In this situation, re-orientalism becomes a cultural strategy exclusive to Asian countries. Simultaneously, re-orientalism shows a shift in the nature of Laos' national identity; from essentialism to pragmatism. As the study case, the 2020 Laos national tourism video shows that re-orientalism emphasizes primitive images and simple pleasures to reproduce a common representation of Laos as a spiritual and asexual Beautiful Buddha country. Each of these re-orientalism tools, directly and indirectly, affects the economic benefits of Laos