International Review of Humanities Studies (IRHS)
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THE SOCIO-ECONOMIC TRANSFORMATION IN PALEMBANG ON 1900-1930
Full text linkTowards the 20th century, Palembang was present as a big city and its economic growth was rapid. Palembang was one of the important areas for the Dutch colonial government's cash income in the Sumatra Island region. Rapid economic growth has driven changes in the socio-economic conditions of the people throughout the Palembang area, both in the city and in the hinterland. This article discusses the socio-economic transformation of Palembang between 1900-1930. The main focus is to examine what drives the socio-economic transformation process in Palembang, how this transformation occurs, and what impact it has. This study aims to explain the process and impact of the socio-economic transformation that occurred in Palembang during 1900-1930. The method used is history with four stages, such as heuristics, source utilization, interpretation, and historiography. The results of this study indicate that the socio-economic transformation in Palembang has triggered significant changes in various fields. This transformation pushed Palembang into a profit area for the colonial government. Socio-economic changes and developments in Palembang triggered a process of modernization in the city and hinterland. The impact of this transformation is an increase in population, changes in lifestyle, and the growth of new social groups. There are several researchers who wrote about Palembang in the colonial era such as Abdullah (1984), Zed (2003), Santun (2010), Utama (2017), and Abubakar (2020). However, this article specifically discusses the socio-economic transformation in Palembang. In conclusion, this transformation brought many positive impacts on the socio-economic development of the people in Palembang.KEYWORDS: Transformation, Socio-Economic, Palemban
REWRITING CIVILIZATION BASED ON SCIENTIFIC REVOLUTION: CURRENT RESEARCH FINDINGS FROM ARCHAEOLOGICAL SITES IN INDONESIA
Full text linkThe research on civilization in Indonesia has been conducted since 1800s. Around 1970s, there was theory regarding Out of Africa stating that ancient human was from Africa then spread to all over places in the world. Besides, around 1980s there was opinion theory regarding Out of Taiwan which stated that modern human culture spread from Taiwan to South East Asia. Different research findings then are considered anomaly and barely accepted as science. Revolution could occur when the new different evidences from previous science are found. The findings of archaeology from last ten years in Indonesia have some potential to trigger scientific revolution.KEYWORDS: archaeology, prehistory, civilization, scientific, revolutio
IRAN AND THE WEST: A DISCOURSE ON SANCTION PRESSURE OVER NUCLEAR PROGRAMME
Full text linkIran relations with the west over a decade have been characterized by multiple sanctions over its nuclear program. This study focuses on the sanctions imposed on Iran to compel the state to discontinue with suspected weaponisation of its nuclear program. It interrogated some of the available literature on the subject and the historical method of analysis was deployed. The paper argues that although the current sanctions pressure have negatively impacted the Iranian economy, it is no longer a viable strategy in dealing with the Iranian nuclear program because it is most likely not to achieve the desired result of a complete abandonment of the nuclear program. It reveals that the US snapback of sanctions on Iran is not only threatening transatlantic solidarity but further creates a deep divide between the USon one hand and China and Russia on the other hand that is opposed to such unilateral actions of the US. The paper concluded that the west particularly the US must resolve differences withChina and Russia to achieve broad international cooperation needed to push Iran to the round table to negotiate in a multilateral format all the contentious issues bothering on its nuclear program including accepting restraints.KEYWORDS: Iran, the West, Analysis, Sanctions Pressure, Nuclear Programm
THE HISTORY AND DEVELOPMENT OF JAPANESE POP CULTURE IN SINGAPORE
Full text linkSingapore has many advantages that can be exploited by Singapore. One of them is with popular culture. Now popular culture is one part of the culture that is being loved by the younger generation. This relates to the younger generation who are advanced in technology and novelty. One of them is from Japan. Japan is now progressing in terms of popular culture, although in general it is still quite low. This discussion will discuss the history of popular culture in Singapore. Then discuss what events can be part of Japanese popular culture in Singapore. The economic and cultural impact also has an impact on the development of Japanese popular culture in Singapore which further shows that Singapore is one of the countries that can be relied upon and spread to the Southeast Asia region.KEYWORDS: development, pop culture, Japan, Singapor
EXPLORATION OF MOTIF ABOUT MIRACLE MARRIAGES IN INDONESIAN AND MALAYSIAN FOLKTALES
Full text linkAmong the wide range of subjects in Southeast Asia folktales, there are a number of stories that share the motif of "miracle marriages"(marriages between human and non-human lifeforms). As the tiniest plot in narrative literature, motifs can grow into texts. This study uses qualitative research methods, taking Indonesian and Malaysian folktales as examples, studying the logic of folktales which is based on the motif of "miracle marriage". And the logic is, most of the human characters in the stories are ordinary laborers or royalty who are stuck in predicament. The non-human character is a creature that transforms from animal to human, or an angel from heaven. In the stories of the male side as a non-human being, the male creature appears as an ugly figure. After being loved by a nice and beautiful woman (civilian or princess), he will be released from the curse and become a handsome man. In folktales that the female is non-human beings, generally, the female characters come from heaven, they voluntarily or are forced to marry men who work as hunters or farmers, and finally achieve the ending in which the wife is mandatorily recalled by heaven, or the human husband breaks his promise, which leads to the partners being apart, or the happy ending of a family reunion after a hard time struggle.KEYWORDS: Motif, Miracle Marriage, Folktale
COMPUTATIONAL PROPAGANDA ON TikTok AS THE 21st CENTURY PROPAGANDA MODEL
Full text linkNoam Chomsky and Edward Herman wrote an institutional analysis called Propaganda Model that explains the role of mass media in spreading symbols and messages to the general populace under class and power interests requiring systemic propaganda that needs consideration of 5 filters: (1) ownership, (2) advertising, (3) dependence, (4) flak, and anti-communism. Until the emerging of the internet led us to social media features that allow the users to interact socially and artificially. Social media formats are also increasingly diverse and innovative, such as TikTok which was originally released as a music video content platform, and now it’s a place for promotion, information, suggestion, and opinion encouragement content. TikTok content is easily spread across social media because of the ease of download, upload, and access. This study will elaborate on the ease and massiveness of TikTok’s access to the Propaganda Model’s filters to see the current propaganda system mobilization as computational propaganda. The characteristics of computational propaganda are: (1) automation, (2) scalability, (3) anonymity. As a system that makes the public vulnerable to get in the involvement, it’s necessary to form an attitude to deal with it. Therefore, this study offers Noam Chomsky’s idea regarding Intellectual Responsibility as the final contemplation.KEYWORDS: TikTok, computational propaganda, Propaganda Model, intellectual Responsibility
THE WORK ALIENATION PHENOMENON AND PROLETARIAT KKANGPAE IN FILM PIETA
Full text linkFilm director and controversial screenwriter Kim Ki Duk has a unique way of executing his ideas. In producing his works, Kim Ki Duk often uses social phenomena and does not refrain from social criticism. Through the critically acclaimed Pieta (2012), Kim Ki Duk illustrates the social phenomena taking place amidst the South Korean proletariat, portraying the effects of capitalism. Through this research, it attempts to present the related social phenomena depicted in Pieta under the lens of Marxist Sociology of Literature. A qualitative-descriptive method is applied, specifically through the sampling of several scenes relevant to the topic, then analyzed further. The research eventually carries the conclusion that Pieta presents two existing phenomena within the South Korean proletariat: work alienation and kkangpae. Accordingly, this research concludes that the two phenomena are correlated, being the receiving end of a domino effect caused by the existing capitalist system, now on a global scale.KEYWORDS: Capitalism; Marxism; Sociology of Literature; Work Alienation; Kkangpae; Korean Film Studie
A CRITICAL DISCOURSE ANALYSIS OF BIG BROTHER WATCH’S STOP COVID PASSES CAMPAIGN
Full text linkNineteen Eighty-Four has been widely recontextualised in many different situations, but there has not been any discourse that tries to relate it with surveillance issues in the U.K. in the context of Covid-19 pandemic other than Big Brother Watch’s Stop Covid Passes campaign. This paper aims to discuss how the civil liberties organisation brings the fear of surveillance state presented in the novel into the real life situation happening in the U.K. society.via their public campaign called Stop Covid Passes. The campaign showcases a lot of negative evaluation of the mandatory Covid passes. However, not all agree with the campaign, and many have criticised it as an anti-vaccine movement. This paper conducts qualitative research through the three-dimensional framework of Critical Discourse Analysis (CDA) presented by Norman Fairclough to reveal the organisation's true intention behind the campaign and to examine the role of Nineteen Eighty-Four in this particular context. The findings show that the intention is indeed to stop the U.K. from becoming a surveillance state.KEYWORDS: surveillance, campaign, Covid-19, Big Brother, Nineteen Eighty-Fou
THE IMPLEMENTATION OF IMPLICIT CORRECTIVE FEEDBACK THROUGH RECORDINGS TOWARDS EFL STUDENTS IN LISTENING AND SPEAKING ENGLISH CLASS: CASE STUDY
Full text linkCorrective feedbacks are necessary to facilitate speaking skills but are rarely used by teachers asynchronously. This research explores the implementation of implicit corrective feedback through recordings in an English Listening and Speaking class of first-year university students. The research employed a case study method. An English teacher and 23 English students acted as the informants in this study. Questionaries, interviews and the teacher’s implementation of corrective feedback were analysed. This study aimed to reveal the implementation of implicit corrective feedback through recordings by Screencast-O-Matic, how the student and teacher perceived implicit corrective feedback through recordings, and what implications the teacher and student experience. Implicit corrective feedback through recordings were given to highlight student's mistakes in their recorded monologues. The result of the study revealed the pattern of the implicit corrective feedback implementation through recordings carried out by the teacher. The perceptions from the students and the teacher on the practice were considered positive. Implicit corrective feedback through recordings improved the EFL student's speaking accuracy awareness and motivation for self-direct learning. Meanwhile, the teacher gained benefits from delivering personal feedbacks and managing time. In addition, some technical difficulties occurred though it was not a big issue.KEYWORDS: corrective feedback, EFL, speaking skill
THE IMPACT OF COASTAL POLLUTION ON SOCIO-ECONOMIC LIFE OF SUKARAJA FISHERMEN 2008−2015
Full text linkThis research aims to examine how the impact of plastic litter and waste pollution on the coast of Lampung Bay has a socio-economic impact on the lives of fishermen in Sukaraja. One of the main threats to marine and coastal sustainability is marine and coastal pollution from land-based human activities. The fishing community is the community group that most feels the impact of marine and coastal pollution. Fishermen in Sukaraja on the coast of Lampung Bay have to deal with plastic litter and waste pollution daily. This research study shows that the life of Sukaraja fishermen is severely affected by plastic and waste pollution that pollutes the sea and coastal areas of Lampung Bay. Besides, this research also shows that the waste pollution in Lampung Bay comes from industrial waste in the city, while plastic waste originates from domestic waste from surrounding residents, ocean currents, and river waste that empties into the sea. The method used in this research is the historical method. Besides, this research is also complemented by an oral history research method which is based on interviews of historical actors and witnesses from predetermined topics and temporalities.KEYWORDS: coastal, fishermen, pollution, Sukaraja, Lampung Ba