International Review of Humanities Studies (IRHS)
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HANNAH ARENDT’S “POLITICAL BEINGS” AS A REPRESENTATION OF POLITICAL EXISTENTIALISM FOR HUMANS EXISTING IN THE WORLD
Get PDFDiscussions in politics often focus on a broad range of political systems or political movements. This focus leads to the efforts to direct the public to the conversation of "Politics" in the sense of a system and it overlooks the fact that politics is built on the crystallization of ideas from individuals who interpret the condition of togetherness in the world. The interpretation is very important because it is the starting point for political discourse to grow and develop, which is often referred to as individual’s "political" struggle. The struggle involves a conversation between me and myself which is later embodied into an individual political idea. The effort to uncover the importance of "politics" within the framework of individual struggle becomes very important when the discourse provided by "Politics" reaches an impasse. This condition gives an impact on the quality of "Politics" that can cause a significant decline, that is "Politics" is not interpreted to achieve justice but only as a means of pursuing mere interests. This study applies qualitative methods based on theoretical and literary studies on Hannah Arendt’s existentialism, namely Vita Activa theory. The expected result of this study is to reconstruct the political concepts on the individual level that are necessary for human beings to be in the world
WOMEN'S REBELLION AGAINST POVERTY
Get PDFWomen's lives are generally in the domestic, where women do to raising children, taking care of their families, and husbands. Women are under the rule of men who always dominate their lives. Male domination applies among patriarchal. Many women are unable to resist this situation and surrender to accepting their situation. Novel Gadis Pesisir written by Ninuk Y Kusmiana in 2014 raised the story of women's lives and their problems. It tell the lives of fishermen on the island of Irian in 1970. They live poorly, and are very dependent on nature and the sea to feed them. The main character in this novel is Halijah, a young girl who lives as a poor fisherman child. She must work hard to help her parents do homework. She wants to rebel against the poor life she lived during her life. The problem in this article is the way of women motivate themselves to be better positioned in fishermen village on the island of Irian. While the purpose of this research is to find out the position of women among fishermen village. The research method used in this article is descriptive analysis and it uses literature study as the technique to collect the data. Gender role theory, symbolic capital, and sociology of literature are used to examine the existing problems, besides the theory of character in this novel. The description of existing data is done so that this article can run as expected. The findings data are described in such a way that they are analyzed
THE LANGUAGE DEVELOPMENT IN INDONESIAN PRESIDENTIAL DECREES
Get PDFPresident has an authority to establish policies in order to run the government, one of which is through Keputusan Presiden Republik Indonesia (Indonesian Presidential Decree). As written documents, the Decrees have language development which can be seen from the writing patterns. Therefore, this study aims to examine the writing patterns of Decrees from time to time to support forensic linguistic study, such as document forgery analysis. We took sixteen Presidential Decrees from 1945 to 2018 as the data then analyzed them by using qualitative method. The data were obtained from the National Archives of the Republic of Indonesia and the official website of the Cabinet Secretariat of the Republic of Indonesia (www.sipuu.setkab.go.id). This study indicates that language development in Indonesian Presidential Decrees is found in the structure of the Decrees, diction, and sentence structure. On the Decree structure, 1945 and 1946 Decrees contain one long sentence to explain the intent, whereas in the 1947—2018 Decrees, intents are elaborated in several clauses. Additionally, there are various types of diction used in the consideration sections. On the syntax, various types of sentences can be found in the Decrees. 1940s Decrees contain simple sentences and complex sentences while 1950s—2010s Decrees contain simple sentences, complex sentences, compound sentences, and mixed sentences
KERIS AS A CULTURE TEXT: HERMENEUTICS REVIEW OF PUSAKA KERIS MAGAZINE
Get PDFKeris production has now passed its golden age in the kingdom. Keris is no longer understood as a stab weapon, but a symbol of social status. The owner of a keris is usually limited to the court environment and collectors. This is why the existence of the keris as an artifact and cultural heritage has shifted. The interpretation of the meaning of keris as a national cultural heritage that has aesthetic value and a symbol of social status has become an interesting object of study. This paper is the result of research that criticizes the paradigm that only views keris as a mystical object. This research examines the understanding of the keris in Pusaka Keris magazine by using the hermeneutic method in an effort to reconstruct and reproduce the meaning of keris in the interpretation circle
THE IMPLEMENTATION OF INDIGENOUS KNOWLEDGE IN PRESERVING UNIVERSITAS INDONESIA LIBRARY’S MANUSCRIPTS
Get PDFThis study discusses the implementation of local wisdom in the preservation of manuscripts at Universitas Indonesia’s library. The purpose of this study is to identify the implementation of local wisdom in the preservation of manuscripts in that library. This research uses a qualitative approach coupled with direct observation and structured interviews as data collection methods. The results of this study indicate that Universitas Indonesia Library has implemented local wisdom in preserving manuscripts. This can be seen from the use of local wisdom in the storage process, including the design of the rooms and storage facilities and the pattern of behavior in its storage process. The maintenance process of local wisdom includes the control of the environment using traditional approaches and the use of traditional materials in the maintenance of manuscripts. Another finding is that the process of capturing or inheriting knowledge from a previous manuscript is based on the manpower manifested in its preservation behavior. Therefore, it can be understood that the implementation of local wisdom in the process of preservation of manuscripts in UI Library is based on the preservation of knowledge from previous manuscript managers or librarians
ARABIC: WHY INDONESIANS HAVE TO LEARN IT?
Get PDFArabic has many virtues. The first virtue of Arabic is that it is part of Islam. Then, Arabic as one of the old languages in the world has an amazing history of civilization. Furthermore, Arabic is an international language that has been used as one of the official languages of the United Nations since 1973. Because of these advantages, Arabic is interesting to be studied and researched by non-Arabs including by Indonesians. Arabic is studied, in addition to the purpose or because of the factors of Islam, also because of the factors of world life, for the demands of work or profession and so forth. Arabic is also one of the three old languages in the world that still exists and is used in various fields of life. The close relationship between Indonesia and Arab countries, which numbered 22 countries, also encouraged Arabic to be studied by the Indonesian population. Arabic is a part of a language that is easily learned by anyone including Indonesian people. The teaching of Arabic as a foreign language is intended so that one can master this language from various aspects: listening, speaking, reading and writing. For Indonesians, the many similarities between the Indonesian and Arabic systems both at the level of phonology, morphology, syntax, and semantics will be enough to help them learn the language which includes Semito-Hamit field
MUSLIM DIASPORIC IDENTITIES IN KAMILA SHAMSIE’S HOME FIRE (2017)
Get PDFBeside accepted with surprise across the world, the winning of Brexit referendum also brings up the tangled web into the United Kingdom’s political and cultural realms. Recent studies mention there is correlation between the voting behavior and issues of identity, immigration, and Islamophobia. Kamila Shamsie alludes these issues in her latest novel, Home Fire (2017). By focusing on three main protagonists, this close-textual analysis examines how Pakistani diasporic community construct their identities within the novel. To support the analysis, this article draws upon Hall’s identity theory (1990) and Bhabha’s Unhomely (1992). Research findings show how Shamsie’s novel represents heterogeneity within Pakistani Muslims diasporic identities, rather than frame them within single collective identity. Therefore, the novel criticizes Eurocentric biases point of view by portraying Muslim female protagonists’ fluid identities while defending their Muslimness by using veil and praying to God. On the other hand, the novel maintains established stereotype by drawing Muslim male protagonist’s affiliation with Daesh as representation of radical group to problematize the notion of radicalism
ABSENCE OF WOMEN'S PARTY IN THE NEW ORDER ERA: CASE STUDY OF INDONESIAN WOMEN MOVEMENT
Get PDFDuring the New Order era the women's movement developed rapidly. These developments are indicated by the emergence of many women's organizations and groups of Non-Governmental Organizations which focus on prosecuting women's rights and protecting women against victims of violence. However, they have not touched on strategic issues in playing an important role for the success of the movement. These organizations are more demanding on the fulfillment of quotas in the position of women in politics. The women's movement has lost its critical power and innovation. In the meantime, the Indonesian Women's Movement (Gerwani) during the Old Order was considered to have given more opportunity to fight for women's rights and was considered successful in fighting for women. This organization was the most revolutionary women's movement at that time. They go directly into politics and fight for women's rights. However, Gerwani was regarded as one of the mass organizations most responsible for the events of 30 September 1965. In various mass media, Gerwani's atrocities are mentioned. The news was continuously carried out by various media. Stigmatization of the atrocities of Gerwani has provided gender limits to the women's movement during the New Order Period. A patriarchal culture that is thick in Indonesian society has become a major factor in the stigmatization of this organization. The peak was when Gerwani was banned by the New Order government and dissolved. Through an analytical descriptive approach, this paper looks at the stigmatization and crisis of Gerwani after dissolution, Gerwani in the perspective of feminism, and the dynamics of the movement, hopefully it can become learning.KEYWORDS: Indonesian Women Movementi, stigma, patriarchy, New Order, gender.INTRODUCTIO
THE CRITICISM OF LITERALISM IN READING THE QUR'AN THROUGH NASR HAMID ABU ZAYD HERMENEUTICS
Get PDFAbu Zayd believes that understanding the Qur'an is not limited to explanations or comments. It involves an interpretation process for capturing the significance (maghza) from the literal text. Interpretation also requires a presupposition that the Qur'an itself does not produce literal absolutes and certainty. The presupposition needs an interpretation that illustrates the possibility of accepting the diversity of Qur'anic interpretations in the times. By using Abu Zayd's hermeneutics, the Qur'an is an icon of Islam and at the same time a representation of Arab culture itself which is not necessarily literally absolute, but is open to interpretation. Hans Georg Gadamer's hermeneutic circle that inspired Hermeneutics of Abu Zayd emphasized that in understanding and applying the meanings of the text, the subject played a role in the text rather than the other way around. This study aims to open opportunities that the Qur'an on the one hand is an objective thing seen from the content of its truth, that is seen from its universal message, but on the other hand it is subjective, because it is bound by the interpretation of the text. This research is also intended to avoid the sacredness of the ordination of a single interpretation of the Qur'an which has resulted in the emergence of fundamentalism which has recently become so prevalent in global Islamic societies, not least in Indonesia
DENOTATION, CONNOTATION AND MYTHICAL MEANING OF THE CIO TAO RITUAL’S WEDDING CEREMONY OF THE CHINESE-BENTENG COMMUNITY THROUGH THE SEMIO-PRAGMATICS APPROACH
Get PDFGobard (1976) divides language into four functions namely: vernacular function, vehicular function, cultural reference function and mythic religion function. An extinct language is not totally extinct but there is a shifting of function. Even though the language that become extinct, is not used anymore in communication function, it is still used to show cultural identity. Culture is one thing that characterize a group of population. According to Kroeber & Kluckohn in Suratminto et al (2017:25) culture is a pattern that implicitly and explicitly formed and at the same time also determines a collective symbol of customs that has different targets in every population group and is displayed in artefact form. The Chinese language of the Chinese-Benteng in Tangerang is also in danger of disappearing. They do not communicate with each other in the Chinese language. Most people do not speak nor write in Chinese characters, but they still maintain their culture in their everyday life. This research is focused on one of their preserved cultures of their ancestors called cio tao, in Tangerang. Cio tao is one of the wedding rituals. A few days before the wedding ceremony there is a sang jit ceremony. In this ceremony the candidate of the bridegroom comes to the parents of the bride‟s parents to hand over the dowry. The research was held in Kampung Naga on April 21th 2019 with qualitative methodology by visual recording and interviewing the respondent. Kampung Naga is one of the kampungs of the Chinese-Benteng in Tangerang district. There are many kampungs inhabited by the Chinese-Benteng e.g. Kampung Melayu, Tanjung Burung, Kampung Sangiang, Sewan, Karawaci, etc. Through the dimensional approach of the semio-pragmatic theory of Danesi & Perron (1998), the step by step process of the cio tao ritual will be analysed to know the goals of each sign determining whether it has a denotative, connotative or mythical meaning