International Review of Humanities Studies (IRHS)
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ARK CEREMONY IN PARIAMAN: FROM RELIGIOUS RITUALS TO ENTERTAINMENT CULTURE
Get PDFIslam that came to the archipelago - especially to the Minangkabau - besides being brought by direct scholars from Arabia, was also brought and developed by Persian and Indian merchants. Indian soldiers from the Sipahi area were brought by the British to settle in Bengkulu, then some fled to Pariaman. These were the ones who taught the local people about Persian culture which included the Ark ceremony.The Ark ceremony is held annually on 1-10 Muharram (Hijri month, month in Islamic and Arab calendars) to commemorate the death of Husayn ibn Ali. Ark is a tomb made from wood, bamboo, rattan, cloth, and colorful paper as a representation of the coffin of the grandson of Prophet Muhammad SAW who died in the battle in Karbala (Iraq) in 680/61 Hijri. The Ark Procession in Pariaman was first held in 1831. The Ark was prepared for ten days, and at the peak of the Ark event was paraded around Kota Pariaman while the bearers and spectators chanted "Hoyak Husen" (Live Husayn!) And at the peak of the event on the 10th of Muharram the evening before the Maghrib Tabut was marched to the sea of Gandoriah beach. At first, the Ark ceremony was very loaded with religious values. But now, the religious values have already faded, what stands out is the culture of entertainment. The transformation of the Ark ceremony as a religious ritual activity that was once full of religious values, became an entertainment culture caused by two factors. The first is the internal factor, namely the desire of the supporters of the Ark to make changes in the Ark procession, the second is internal factors originating from outside the supporters of the Ark in this case religious groups and also including the local government itself
THE CULTURAL EVOLUTION OF LOCAL ISLAMIC VALUES ON THE MULUDAN TRADITION IN CIREBON: A MEMETICS PERSPECTIVE
Get PDFThe Muludan is a tradition conducted by the Royal family in Cirebon Sultanate on the third month of the Islamic calendar (Rabi' al-awwal) to mark the celebration of the prophet Muhammad's birthday. Thousands of people from some places participate in this tradition. This paper is aimed to elaborate the cultural evolution theory (memetics) introduced by Richard Dawkings which is used to interpret the Muludan tradition as a meme. The role of the agent will be considered as a vector, not an actor. In the meantime, the Muludan can be defined not only as a religious ritual but also as a cultural tradition that has been practiced by the local people for hundred years. The tradition has a system of inheritance such as values, beliefs, behaviors, knowledge, passed down through cultural processes within the scope of the population and the environment. The conclusion is that the meaning behind the Muludan tradition believed by people, so that it develop day by day. They believe that they would gain God blessing (barakah) and Shafa‘at to practice the Muludan ritual
THE DESTRUCTION OF FAMILY INSTITUTION IN THE FILM Coming Home（归来 Guilai）by Zhang Yimou（张艺谋）
Get PDFThe film Coming Home（归来 Guilai）tells a story about a prisoner, Lu Yanshi, returning home. He returns home twice. Firstly, he returns home by escaping prison because he misses his family. Secondly, Lu comes home after receiving a notice of rehabilitation from the Government. Neither of his coming home makes him happy. He finds his family unable to be whole as it used to be. How did the destruction of Lu Yanshi family happen, and what are the reasons? To answer this question, the film was examined in three ways, by discussing the setting of the story, by revealing the characters and the characterizations in the film, and by uncovering how the story of Guilai was told. These three ways may expose the main story of the film and can help us understand Lu family’s suffering. Essentially, the film was dissected using intrinsic approach; meanwhile, the story and the dialogues presented in the movie would be interpreted to reveal meanings. The findings of the research suggest that the condition suffered by Lu Yanshi family is caused by the policy implemented during Cultural Revolution. Even though the Cultural Revolution is over, Lu Yanshi family cannot be whole and happy as it was before the Cultural Revolution in China
LANGUAGE VARIATIONS IN DEPOK: A STUDY OF LINGUISTIC LANDSCAPE AND DIALECTOLOGY
Get PDFWritten languages are present in various media in public landscapes, such as notice boards, banners, or bumper stickers. Studying these simple signs is the starting point in observing how a language variety exists and interacts with other languages. It is interesting to study how the instances of written texts found in public landscapes can be an indicator of what language variety is actually used by the inhabitants of Depok. Based on its history and its geography, a hypothesis states that many speakers of Betawi language and Sundanese reside in Depok. The study is aimed at demonstrating the written language varieties found in Depok public landscapes based on written evidence which are compared with language varieties based on the regional variation (dialectology). This qualitative study used the sociogeolinguistic approach combining sociolinguistics, linguistic landscape, and dialectology (geolinguistics). The results show there are two language use distributions in Depok, the Sundanese and the Betawi language. From the landscapes, Betawi language is used in billboards, restaurant signboards, and local government banners. The study is useful for the local government in their efforts to confirm the identity of Depok people
GERMAN ENTRIES IN KAMUS BESAR BAHASA INDONESIA V
Get PDFKamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia (KBBI) is an official Indonesian defining/monolingual dictionary. In the KBBI V offline language features, there are 27 German entries have been absorbed into Indonesian. Hence, this research focuses to analyse which German entries contained in KBBI V, does the lexical meaning of those entries in KBBI V differ from the German defining dictionary, and what characters of Germany is represented in those entries. This research applies qualitative method, and the lexical meaning of the 27 German entries in the KBBI V are compared to the German defining dictionary as the ground to analyse the experience alteration. Furthermore, this paper examines the characters of the Germany appear in those entries and what their importance to Indonesian. The results of the research demonstrate that there are semantics shifting and narrowing of those German entries in KBBI V compared to the German monolingual dictionary, caused by a change in the concept of words related to the meaning of the words in a reference, associative, and contextual manner. Another result indicates a change occurs in the fields of German history, politics, and philosophy strengthening the characters of Germany which grow and widely known in Indonesia
DIALOGUE BETWEEN ISLAM AND ENVIRONTMENTAL ETHICS THROUGH THE SEYYED HOSSEIN NASR THOUGHT
Get PDFIslam is often regarded as a religion that teaches anthropocentrism through the concept of the caliph in which humans occupy a central position on earth. However, the concept of the caliph itself is a complex concept where the special status of humans always implies a moral obligation. Through alternative explanatory methods and critical reflection, the authors try to clarify the concept of the caliph and show the teachings of Islam that are environmentally friendly through the thought of Seyyed Hossein Nasr. Philosophy and environmental ethics of Nasr have two major projects, namely the resacralization of nature and the clarification of the concept of the caliph through Insan Kamil. For Nasr, man has the ability to control nature, and therefore he must increase his spirituality in the light of monotheism to understand nature holistically. A holistic understanding of nature opens the awareness that humans and nature have intimate, anthropocosmic relationships in which both share the same archetype. The Islamic environmental ethics approach of Nasr seeks to show that Islamic teachings maintain human and natural values without reducing one of the two. The conclusions in this paper show that Islam is compatible with environmental ethics insofar as the interpretation is aimed at this. Islam teaches respect for nature since the concept of the caliph shows that humans have responsibilities and intimate relationships with their environment
STRUCTURATION IN INTERNATIONAL POLICING AT INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS DIVISION OF THE INDONESIAN NATIONAL POLICE: A CRITICAL STUDY OF AGENCY-STRUCTURE PRACTICES
Get PDFThe Indonesian National Police (POLRI) deals with the rapid development of transnational crimes penetrating into legal business and the governmental body of the country. The community of global security works together to address this issue through international policing. International Policing is police practices involving multinational citizens or jurisdictions (Deflem, 2007, pp. 701-705). The dynamics of International Policing in POLRI are implemented through the mechanism of international treaties, international operations, international missions, capacity building, exchange of information and technology and benchmarking. The study of international policing examines various phenomena, understandings, dynamics and policing models in America, Europe, Asia and other parts of the world. This study tries to explain international policing by not merely emphasizing interaction between agencies, but also considering the dynamics of interaction between organizations (structures). Therefore, the contribution of Anthony Giddens in the theory of structuration will be crucial in understanding this phenomenon. The theoretical framework by Giddens certainly contains weaknesses, namely the inability to explain the strategies of power, in terms of strategies in language usage, differentiation and forms of symbolic violence. Thus, it needs to be enhanced by the theory of Genetic Structuralism by Bourdieu to explain the various factors helping in strengthening structures such as political policies (the Presidential Decree and the Regulation of Chief of Police) as well as agencies and structures of police. The study throughout 2014 to 2017 explains system continuity (duality), not a dualistic system change, in which agents keep their distance from structures. The method applied in this study is the paradigm of constructivism-criticism through indepth-interview, document study, and Focus Group Discussion (FGD)
THE ROLES AND CHALLENGES OF STAY-AT-HOME-FATHERS IN SALATIGA, CENTRAL JAVA, INDONESIA
Get PDFThis paper describes six men who decided to be a stay-at-home-fathers lived in Salatiga. All respondents believe that parenting roles is a kind of common responsibility for both parent. However, there are also challenges faced by stay-at-home-fathers which divided into the practical challenges related to the double role as father and mother, and also the emotional challenges. Nevertheless, no respondents stated that the roles of stay-at-home-father affects to the concept of masculinity itself but rather a responsibility of a father to protect the family. The division of house works based on gender roles have a close relation to the traditional Javanese concept of a family, which explained that men play an important role as the leader in running all domestic matters as well as being the breadwinner, while women should be responsible to take care of the children and doing house chores. Meanwhile, the idea of equality promoted by feminist thinkers deconstructed the meaning of family that has been understood since a long time ago. The research of this paper uses qualitative phenomenological method, with data collection technique by snowball sampling. In-depth interview conducted for three weeks long to five single fathers and a stay-at-home father living in Salatiga
GOVERNMENTALITY: NARCOTICS CRIME PREVENTION IN DEPRIVED NEIGHBOURHOODS OF “KAMPUNG NARKOBA” IN WEST JAKARTA
Get PDFThe prevention of narcotics crime is a crucial problem in Indonesia. Dealing with a complex and multi-layered narcotics distribution network, it is not easy to control the drugs market. This study investigates the efforts to prevent narcotics crime through the Community Policing approach, namely by involving the community. Through the concept of governmentality, the study found that narcotics crime prevention needs to distinguish various types of communities involved. The research proposes three different models. When coping with deprived neighbourhoods, narcotics crime prevention goes beyond "disciplining others" (governing others). As such, it also involves the actions of "governing the self." Community policing needs more than collaborating with the anti-narcotics community since the problems are related not only to awareness of "anti-narcotics". In fact, it also deals with the roots of social problems in an area
FROM THE EDITOR
No full textDiscussing the issues of the humanities, as well as other fields of science, does not seem to be endless, as long as we are still living in this world, because it exists in every part of the world and in every generation. As is the case in our journal, every issue always contains various problems about humanities from various countries. As contained in the description of this journal that the scope of this journal are matters relating to culture from around the world with various aspects. Likewise, in this July 2019 issue, readers can enjoy various cultural discussions from various countries, such as writing from China, which discusses multiculturalism thinking from Ho Chi Minh, then which discusses about Nigeria's cultural policy and the needs of performing arts, written by author from Nigeria.Besides these two countries, as well as in previous publications, this journal was dominated by articles originating from Indonesia, because this journal was indeed published in that country. However, it does not rule out the possibility for readers who want to see cultural problems in other countries, because even though the author comes from Indonesia, but the discussion is not necessarily about the problem of Indonesian culture, but about culture in other countries, such as an article on semiotic studies about communism in the film ЧЕБУРАШКА (ČEBURAŠKA). In addition, there are also articles made by Indonesian authors in which discuss the culture of other countries that are related to culture in Indonesia, such as articles on the reasons why Indonesians must learn Arabic and about translating Indonesian fatigue expressions into Arabic.In addition to writing about culture from outside the country, Indonesian authors also write about the culture of the country, especially about regional culture. As is known that the country of Indonesia consists of various tribes, each of which has its own culture. Among the discussions about regional culture written in this issue, is an analysis of Javanese regional novels by Javanese novelist Tulus Setiadi, about functions, meanings and messages of the natural environment from the story of "Keong Emas", about denotation, connotation and mythical meaning of The Cio Tao's ritual's wedding ceremony of the Chinese-fortress community through The semio-pragmatics approach and about slipping into the shadows of Kyai’s figures: woman participation in Indonesian Pesantren’s web of powerAnother article that is also interesting to be observed by readers in this issue is articles relating to issues of religion and belief, both from Indonesian and foreign authors, for example about the reality and non-peculiarity of The Yoruba's belief in reincarnation, written by an author from Nigeria and about bird symbols in Persian mystical poetry, written by an author from Indonesia. In addition, there are articles on religion and belief, in this issue, there are also articles on other cultural fields, such as philosophy, namely, about Hannah Arendt's "Political Beings" as a representation of political existentialism for human existing in the world and in the field of archeology, namely, about archeological artifacts as expressive desire of Hindu-Buddha religions in Java in the 8th-15th centuries.Like the previous issue, this journal always presents interesting articles about humanities from various parts of the world. Hopefully the readers can benefit from reading the articles displayed in this journal and are interested in participating in submitting articles about culture in their respective countries to exchange treasures about the field of humanities, both for ourselves and others