E-Jurnal UIN (Universitas Islam Negeri) Alauddin Makassar
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An Anaysis of Students' Difficulties in Speaking Practice
No full textThis study explores the difficulties faced by second-semester Islamic Education (PAI) students at STAI Al-Hikmah Medan in practicing English speaking. Employing a qualitative descriptive approach, data were collected through semi-structured interviews with five students. The analysis revealed five major themes: (1) limited vocabulary and grammar mastery, (2) speaking anxiety and fear of making mistakes, (3) lack of speaking practice opportunities, (4) peer pressure and unsupportive classroom environments, and (5) absence of contextual and real-life speaking applications. Students expressed challenges not only in linguistic competence but also in psychological readiness and cultural relevance of the speaking materials. This research contributes a new perspective by focusing on students in a religious academic context, highlighting the importance of integrating culturally relevant content and fostering supportive learning environments. Recommendations include increasing the frequency of speaking practice, incorporating Islamic-themed speaking materials, and creating psychologically safe spaces for language learners
التقويم معيارى المرجع والتقويم محكى المرجع في معالجة نتائج اختبارالطلاب
Get PDFThe urgency assessment is carried out in processing student test results. The two forms of assessment carried out by the teacher are the norm reference assessment (NRA) and the benchmark reference assessment (BRA). The purpose of this study is to describe: 1) the application of NRA and BRA in processing student test results; 2) The advantages and disadvantages of NRA and BRA in processing student test results; 3) Differences and similarities between NRA and BRA in processing student test results. The research method used is a qualitative method with a library model. The primary data sources for this research are research journals and e-journals related to NRA and BRA in processing student test results, while the secondary data are books related to NRA and BRA in processing student test results. The results in this study are: 1) NRA is used to compare student success relative to other students, while BRA is used to measure exactly the competencies that determine success. 2) The advantages and disadvantages of NRA-BRA can be seen from the development of student learning outcomes. 3) The difference between NRA and BRA is based on 3 criteria, namely test development, student performance assessment standards and the purpose of the test.المستخلص
يعد التقويم جزءا هاما في معالجة نتائج اختبار الطلاب. والطريقة التي يمكن استخدامها المعلم لتقويم نتائج الطلاب هي التقويم معيارى المرجع والتقويم محكى المرجع. أغراض هذا البحث هي وصف: 1) تطبيق التقويم معيارى المرجع و التقويم محكى المرجع في معالجة نتائج الطلاب.2) المزايا و العيوب التقويم معيارى المرجع و التقويم محكى المرجع في معالجة نتائج الطلاب 3) أوجه التشابه والاختلاف بين التقويم معيارى المرجع و التقويم محكى المرجع. ومنهجية البحث المستخدمة هي بحث نوعي بطريقة مراجعة الدراسات السابقة. والبيانات الأولية في هذا البحث هيالمقالات والمجلات البحثية والمجلات الإلكترونية المتعلقة بالتقويم معيارى المرجع والتقويم محكى المرجع. ومصادر البيانات الثانوية لهذا البحث هي الدراسات المتعلقة بمفهوم التقويم معيارى المرجع والتقويم محكى المرجع بدعم من الكتب المناسب للموضوع والنتائج في هذا البحث هي: 1) يتم استخدام التقويم معيار المرجع لمقارنة نجاح الطلاب بالنسبة للطلاب الآخرين ، بينما يتم استخدام التقويم محكى المرجع لقياس الكفاءات التي تحدد النجاح بالضبط.2) يمكن رؤية مزايا وعيوب التقويم معيارى المرجع و التقويم محكى المرجع من خلال تطوير نتائج تعلم الطلاب, 3) يعتمد الاختلاف بين التقويم معياري و التقويم محكى المرجع على ثلاثة معيايير, و هي (1) تطوير الاختبار (2) مستوى التقويم لأداء الطلاب (3) أهداف الاختبار
Analisis Tes Pilihan Ganda Mata Pelajaran Bahasa Arab Mts Al-Hidayah Kota Batu
Get PDFThis study aims to analyze the difficulty level and discriminatory power of multiple-choice questions in the Arabic subject at MTs Al-Hidayah, Batu City. Item analysis was conducted to determine the extent to which each item is able to measure students' abilities proportionally and differentiate between high-ability and low-ability students. The research method used was a descriptive quantitative approach with a sample of 25 questions tested on all eighth-grade students. Data were analyzed using the difficulty index (P) and the discrimination index (D) with classical measurement standard interpretation criteria. The results showed that 64% of the items were classified as easy, 32% were moderate, and 4% were difficult, indicating that the composition of the questions was not proportional. The discrimination power analysis showed that 56% of the items had good to excellent discrimination power, while 24% were classified as very low with six items having negative discrimination values. The relationship between difficulty level and discrimination power showed a consistent pattern, where items with a moderate level of difficulty had more optimal discrimination power. Overall, there were 5 items categorized as very good, 11 items were good with minor improvements, 2 items needed substantial revision, and 7 items needed total revision. The results of this study emphasize the importance of empirical item analysis as a basis for developing valid and reliable evaluation instruments, thereby improving the quality of Arabic language learning assessment in madrasas.Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis tingkat kesukaran dan daya pembeda butir soal pilihan ganda pada mata pelajaran Bahasa Arab di MTs Al-Hidayah Kota Batu. Analisis butir soal dilakukan untuk mengetahui sejauh mana setiap butir mampu mengukur kemampuan siswa secara proporsional dan membedakan antara peserta didik berkemampuan tinggi dan rendah. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah pendekatan kuantitatif deskriptif dengan jumlah sampel sebanyak 25 butir soal yang diujikan kepada seluruh siswa kelas VIII. Data dianalisis menggunakan indeks kesukaran (P) dan indeks daya pembeda (D) dengan kriteria interpretasi standar pengukuran klasik. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa 64% butir soal tergolong mudah, 32% sedang, dan 4% sukar, yang menandakan komposisi soal belum proporsional. Analisis daya pembeda menunjukkan 56% soal memiliki daya pembeda baik hingga sangat baik, sementara 24% tergolong sangat rendah dengan enam butir soal bernilai diskriminasi negatif. Hubungan antara tingkat kesukaran dan daya pembeda menunjukkan pola yang konsisten, di mana soal dengan tingkat kesukaran sedang memiliki daya pembeda lebih optimal. Secara keseluruhan, terdapat 5 butir soal dengan kategori sangat baik, 11 butir baik dengan perbaikan minor, 2 butir perlu revisi substansi, dan 7 butir perlu revisi total. Hasil penelitian ini menegaskan pentingnya analisis butir soal secara empiris sebagai dasar penyusunan instrumen evaluasi yang valid dan reliabel, sehingga dapat meningkatkan kualitas penilaian hasil belajar Bahasa Arab di madrasa
Development of Student Worksheets Based on Discovery Inquiry and Fun Learning to Enhance Creative Thinking and Learning Independence
Get PDFLearning in elementary schools still tends to be teacher-centered, so it is not yet optimal in fostering students' creative thinking skills and learning independence. This study aims to develop and analyze the effectiveness of Student Worksheets based on Discovery Inquiry and Fun Learning in improving creative thinking skills and learning independence of elementary school students. The research was conducted at the Diponegoro Cluster Elementary School, Kembaran Subdistrict, Banyumas Regency, using the Research and Development (R&D) method in the Borg and Gall model. The research subjects were elementary school students, with qualitative data analysis techniques for feasibility testing and quantitative analysis using the t-test, specifically the independent sample t-test. The results showed that the Student Worksheets based on Discovery Inquiry and Fun Learning were deemed feasible by material experts and media experts. In addition, Student Worksheets based on Discovery Inquiry and Fun Learning have been proven effective in enhancing students' creative thinking skills and learning independence, especially in high and medium ability groups. Therefore, Student Worksheets based on Discovery Inquiry and Fun Learning can serve as an alternative, innovative teaching material that supports active and student-centered learning in elementary schools.
Abstrak:
Pembelajaran di sekolah dasar masih cenderung berpusat pada guru sehingga belum optimal dalam menumbuhkan keterampilan berpikir kreatif dan kemandirian belajar peserta didik. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menghasilkan dan menganalisis keefektifan Lembar Kerja Peserta Didik berbasis Discovery Inquiry dan Fun Learning dalam meningkatkan kemampuan berpikir kreatif dan kemandirian belajar peserta didik sekolah dasar. Penelitian dilaksanakan di Sekolah Dasar Gugus Diponegoro, Kecamatan Kembaran, Kabupaten Banyumas dengan menggunakan metode Research and Development (R&D) model Borg and Gall. Subjek penelitian adalah siswa sekolah dasar, dengan teknik analisis data kualitatif untuk uji kelayakan dan analisis kuantitatif menggunakan uji-t, yaitu independent sample t-test. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Lembar Kerja Peserta Didik berbasis Discovery Inquiry dan Fun Learning dinyatakan layak oleh ahli materi dan ahli media. Selain itu, Lembar Kerja Peserta Didik berbasis Discovery Inquiry dan Fun Learning terbukti efektif meningkatkan keterampilan berpikir kreatif dan kemandirian belajar siswa, terutama pada kelompok kemampuan tinggi dan sedang. Dengan demikian, Lembar Kerja Peserta Didik berbasis Discovery Inquiry dan Fun Learning dapat menjadi alternatif bahan ajar inovatif yang mendukung pembelajaran aktif dan berpusat pada peserta didik di sekolah dasar.Penelitian pengembangan ini bertujuan untuk: (1) Menghasilkan “LKPD-DIF” yang layak untuk meningkatkan kemampuan berpikir kreatif dan kemandirian peserta didik SD, (2) Menganalisis efektivitas “LKPD-DIF” untuk meningkatkan kemampuan berpikir kreatif peserta didik SD, (3) Menganalisis efektivitas “LKPD-DIF” untuk meningkatkan kemandirian peserta didik SD. Penelitian dilakukan di SD Gugus Diponegoro Kecamatan Kembaran Kabupaten Banyumas. Model pengembangan yang digunakan yaitu model Research and Development (R&D) oleh Borg & Gall. Analisis efektivitas “LKPD-DIF” dilakukan secara kualitatif dan kuantitatif. Secara kuantitatif menggunakan uji t dua sampel independen. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa “LKPD-DIF” layak setelah melalui tahap validasi oleh ahli media dan ahli materi. Sedangkan hasil analisis efektivitas menunjukkan bahwa “LKPD-DIF” efektif digunakan untuk meningkatkan kemampuan berpikir kreatif dan kemandirian belajar peserta didik SD khususnya pada level kemampuan tinggi dan kemampuan sedang, sedangkan untuk kemampuan rendah peserta didik masih perlu pendampingan dan bimbingan. Temuan ini diharapkan dapat memberikan kontribusi positif dalam upaya peningkatan kualitas pendidikan di Indonesia
Analysis of Students' Mistakes in Solving Math Problems: High Level Thinking Skills Based on Mathematical Connection Ability
Get PDFMathematical connection skills play an important role in solving HOTS questions, but differences in skill levels lead to variations in students' errors in solving mathematical problems. This study aims to describe the errors of students with high, medium, and low mathematical connection skills in solving HOTS mathematical problems. This study is a qualitative study with a descriptive approach conducted at SMPN 12 Makassar. The research subjects were six students selected based on the results of the mathematical connection ability test. The research instruments included a mathematical connection ability test, a HOTS written test, and an interview guide. Student error analysis used Newman's error categories. The results showed that students with high mathematical connection skills made errors in process skills and answer writing, students with medium abilities made errors in transformation, process skills, and answer writing, while students with low abilities made errors in understanding, transformation, process skills, and answer writing. These results indicate that low mathematical connection skills influence the emergence of student errors in solving HOTS problems. Therefore, improving mathematical connection skills needs to be given attention in mathematics learning.
Abstract:
Kemampuan koneksi matematika berperan penting dalam penyelesaian soal HOTS, namun perbedaan tingkat kemampuan tersebut memunculkan variasi kesalahan siswa dalam pemecahan masalah matematika. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan kesalahan siswa dengan kemampuan koneksi matematika tinggi, sedang, dan rendah dalam memecahkan masalah matematika HOTS. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kualitatif dengan pendekatan deskriptif yang dilaksanakan di SMPN 12 Makassar. Subjek penelitian berjumlah enam siswa yang dipilih berdasarkan hasil tes kemampuan koneksi matematika. Instrumen penelitian meliputi tes kemampuan koneksi matematika, tes tertulis HOTS, dan pedoman wawancara. Analisis kesalahan siswa menggunakan kategori kesalahan Newman. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa siswa dengan kemampuan koneksi matematika tinggi melakukan kesalahan keterampilan proses dan penulisan jawaban, siswa dengan kemampuan sedang melakukan kesalahan transformasi, keterampilan proses, dan penulisan jawaban, sedangkan siswa dengan kemampuan rendah melakukan kesalahan memahami, transformasi, keterampilan proses, dan penulisan jawaban. Hasil ini menunjukkan bahwa rendahnya kemampuan koneksi matematika berpengaruh terhadap munculnya kesalahan siswa dalam menyelesaikan soal HOTS. Oleh karena itu, peningkatan kemampuan koneksi matematika perlu mendapat perhatian dalam pembelajaran matematika.Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan kesalahan siswa dengan kemampuan koneksi matematika tinggi, sedang, dan rendah dalam memecahkan masalah matematika HOTS. Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian kualitatif menggunakan pendekatan deskriptif. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di SMPN 12 Makassar. Pengambilan subjek dilakukan dengan memberikan tes koneksi matematika kepada siswa kelas IX.4 dan IX.6 yang kemudian dari hasil tersebut dipilih 6 subjek penelitian berdasarkan kategori yang ada. Instrumen yang digunakan adalah tes kemampuan koneksi yang memuat dari 4 butir soal uraian, tes tertulis HOTS yang memuat 2 butir soal uraian dan pedoman wawancara. Kesalahan yang dianalisis dikategorikan dengan menggunakan kategori kesalahan Newman yang terdiri dari 5 kesalahan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa subjek dengan kemampuan koneksi matematika tinggi melakukan kesalahan keterampilan proses (process skill errors) dan kesalahan penulisan jawaban (encoding errors). Subjek dengan kemampuan koneksi matematika sedang melakukan kesalahan transformasi (transformation errors), kesalahan keterampilan proses (process skill errors), dan kesalahan penulisan jawaban (encoding errors). Subjek dengan kemampuan koneksi matematika rendah melakukan kesalahan memahami (comprehension errors) ,kesalahan transformasi (transformation errors), kesalahan keterampilan proses (process skill errors), dan kesalahan penulisan jawaban (encoding errors).Hasil dari penelitian ini diharapkan dapat menambah wawasan tentang jenis kesalahan yang dilakukan siswa SMP pada materi fungsi kuadrat khususnya dalam mengerjakan soal level tingkat tinggi sehingga dalam proses pembelajaran kesalahan-kesalahan yang dilakukan dapat diminimalisi
Practicality test of static infographics on Biology material FMIPA UNM
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Learning biology in higher education requires innovative strategies so that students can understand concepts more deeply. One approach that is considered effective is the use of material visualization, because it is able to simplify complex concepts to be more easily understood. This condition confirms that the biology learning process still needs to be optimized, one of which is through the application of infographics as learning media that can increase the clarity and attractiveness of the material. This study aims to test the practicality of static infographics developed in a structured manner for the needs of Biology learning for generation Z. Content and design validation have been carried out at the development stage through expert assessment, so this study focuses on practicality testing in limited trials. The study of the effectiveness of is planned in further research. This research is a research and development (R&D) model referring to the ADDIE development model. This research product is a static infographic that was tested for practicality on 57 students in the structure and development of animal organ system material. This study used a questionnaire as an instrument. Data were analyzed quantitatively. The results show that the practicality level of static infographics in the Animal Structure and Development course falls into the practical category at 51.02% and the highly practical category at 32.46%, indicating that the media is considered practical. These findings are expected to help optimize Biology learning and serve as a reference for higher education institutions.Pembelajaran biologi di perguruan tinggi menuntut strategi yang inovatif agar mahasiswa dapat memahami konsep dengan lebih baik. Visualisasi materi menjadi salah satu pendekatan yang efektif dalam menyederhanakan konsep yang kompleks. Hal ini, menunjukkan urgensi pembalajaran Biologi yang masih perlu dioptimalkan melalui, penerapan infografis. Tujuan Penelitian ini adalah untuk menguji kepraktisan infografis statis yang lebih terstruktur dalam mengakomodasi kebutuhan pembelajaran di bidang Biologi. Penelitian ini merupakan model penelitian dan pengembangan (R&D) mengacu pada model pengembangan ADDIE (Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation, dan Evaluation). Profuk penelitian ini yaitu infografis statis yang di uji kepraktisan pada 57 mahasiswa yang program struktur dan perkembangan hewan. Penelitian ini menggunakan angket sebagai instrumen. Teknik analisis data dilakukan secara kuantitatif. Hasil penelitan menunjukkan bahwa tingkat kepraktisan infografis statis pada matakuliah struktur dan perkembangan hewan berdasarkan respon mahasiswa dominan pada kategori prkatis. Sehingga, infografis statis pada mata kuliah struktur dan perkembangan hewan bersifat praktis. Hasil penelitian ini diharapkan dapat mengoptimalan pembelajaran biologi di perguruan tinggi serta menjadi referensi dalam pengembangan media visual untuk pendidikan tingg
Analisis Sistem Antrian Kartu Tanda Penduduk (KTP) di Kantor Dinas Kependudukan dan Catatan Sipil Kabupaten Barru
No full textThis study examines the queuing system for e-KTP recording services at the Population and Civil Registration Office of Barru Regency. Using a Multi-Channel Single-Phase queue model, the objective is to optimize the queuing process and evaluate system performance. The Multi-Channel Single-Phase model is applied because the service involves a single type of process with multiple service facilities. The findings show that, over a five-day observation period, the system achieved a performance efficiency level with a steady-state measure of \rho < 1, indicating that steady-state conditions were satisfied. Thus, the results suggest that the e-KTP recording services at the Population and Civil Registration Office of Barru Regency operate optimally.ABSTRAK, Penelitian ini membahas tentang antrian pelayanan perekaman pembuatan KTP-el pada Kantor Dinas Kependudukan dan Catatan Sipil Kabupaten Barru. Tujuan dari penelitian ini dengan model antrian Multi Channel Single Phase ialah untuk mengetahui bagaimana optimalisasi sistem antrian dan ukuran kinerja sistem pada layanan perekaman pembuatan KTP-el pada Kantor Dinas Kependudukan dan Catatan Sipil Kabupaten Barru. Sistem antrian Multi Channel Single Phase digunakan karena hanya terdapat satu jenis pelayanan dan terdapat beberapa fasilitas pelayanan dalam sistem antrian tersebut. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa ukuran kinerja selama lima hari diperoleh tingkat efisiensi kinerja dari ukuran steady state dengan nilai ? < 1 yang artinya kondisi steady state terpenuhi. Oleh karena itu, berdasarkan hasil penelitian ini, pelayanan perekaman pembuatan KTP-el di Kantor Dinas Kependudukan dan Catatan Sipil Kabupaten Barru sudah optimal
An Analysis of Poverty Using the System-GMM Approach: Evidence from Dynamic Panel Data in East Nusa Tenggara Province
Get PDFThis study focuses on the application of the System-Generalized Method of Moments (System-GMM) statistical approach to analyze the determinants of poverty in 22 districts/municipalities in East Nusa Tenggara Province (NTT) over the period 2015–2019. The GMM method is employed to address issues of endogeneity, heterogeneity, and data persistence that are commonly encountered in regional socio-economic studies. By utilizing internal instruments, this approach enables more valid and robust parameter estimation. The panel data, obtained from the Central Bureau of Statistics, includes variables such as the Human Development Index (HDI), Open Unemployment Rate (OUR), and electrification ratio. The estimation results show that HDI has a negative and significant effect on poverty, with short-term and long-term elasticities of -0.984 and -2.244, respectively. The OUR has a positive and significant effect on poverty, with elasticities of +0.016 (short-term) and +0.036 (long-term), while the electrification ratio also shows a negative and significant effect, with elasticities of -0.035 and -0.081. These findings affirm that the application of the System-GMM method provides a more accurate depiction of the causal relationships among the determinants and supports evidence-based policymaking for poverty alleviation in structurally challenged regions such as NTT
Comparative Analysis of Moving Average Methods for Forecasting the Gold Price Volatility
Get PDFForecasting gold prices is challenging due to high market volatility and uncertainty. This study compares moving average forecasting methods—Simple Moving Average (SMA), Double Moving Average (DMA), Exponential Moving Average (EMA), and Kaufman’s Adaptive Moving Average (KAMA)—using daily gold price data from January 2014 to August 2024. Gold prices exhibited a notable upward trend, particularly after 2019, with a spike during the COVID-19 pandemic and subsequent increases driven by inflation and safe-haven demand. The results show KAMA achieves the lowest Root Mean Square Error (RMSE) of 25.2685 and Mean Absolute Percentage Error (MAPE) of 1.2108, offering superior forecasting of gold price changes in volatile markets. This suggests KAMA can improve trading strategies and investment decisions involving gold
Robust Spatial Autoregressive (Robust SAR) Modeling in the Case of Poverty Percentage in West Java
Get PDFPoverty is a complex problem influenced by various economic and social factors, such as the open unemployment rate, the minimum wage, population density, and the school participation rate. This study aims to model the poverty rate in West Java Province by considering spatial effects and the existence of outliers through the application of Spatial Autoregressive (SAR) and Robust Spatial Autoregressive (Robust SAR) models. Based on the Lagrange Multiplier test, the SAR model is declared suitable for use. However, the presence of outliers in the data necessitated the use of a robust approach to obtain more accurate results. The analysis showed that the Robust SAR model had a coefficient of determination of 81.53%, higher than that of the SAR model at 77.48%, making it a better model for explaining variations in poverty levels. Of the four independent variables, only School Participation Rate had a significant effect in both models, where an increase in School Participation Rate contributed to a decrease in the poverty rate. This finding confirms the importance of investment in education as a strategic effort to reduce welfare inequality between regions in West Java.Kemiskinan merupakan masalah kompleks yang dipengaruhi oleh berbagai faktor ekonomi dan sosial, seperti tingkat pengangguran terbuka, upah minimum, kepadatan penduduk, dan tingkat partisipasi sekolah. Studi ini bertujuan untuk memodelkan tingkat kemiskinan di Provinsi Jawa Barat dengan mempertimbangkan efek spasial dan keberadaan outlier melalui penerapan model Spatial Autoregressive (SAR) dan Robust Spatial Autoregressive (Robust SAR). Berdasarkan uji Lagrange Multiplier, model SAR dinyatakan cocok untuk digunakan. Namun, keberadaan outlier dalam data mengharuskan penggunaan pendekatan robust untuk mendapatkan hasil yang lebih akurat. Analisis menunjukkan bahwa model Robust SAR memiliki koefisien determinasi sebesar 81,53%, lebih tinggi daripada model SAR sebesar 77,48%, sehingga menjadi model yang lebih baik untuk menjelaskan variasi tingkat kemiskinan. Dari empat variabel independen, hanya Tingkat Partisipasi Sekolah yang memiliki efek signifikan dalam kedua model, di mana peningkatan Tingkat Partisipasi Sekolah berkontribusi pada penurunan tingkat kemiskinan. Temuan ini menegaskan pentingnya investasi dalam pendidikan sebagai upaya strategis untuk mengurangi ketidaksetaraan kesejahteraan antar wilayah di Jawa Barat