E-Jurnal UIN (Universitas Islam Negeri) Alauddin Makassar
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The Justice System Perspective in Criminal Law Policy on the Obligations and Responsibilities of Parents to Prevent Child
No full textCrimes committed by children need to be addressed through legal obligations and responsibilities in the care, guidance, and supervision of children. Criminal law policies for crimes committed by children need to be made an integral part of the criminal justice system. Therefore, an in-depth legal study is needed to understand the Criminal Law Policy on Parental Obligations and Responsibilities in Preventing Child Crime. This study uses a normative legal research method with a legal approach, a review of the National Criminal Code and the Child Protection Law. The results of the study indicate that the regulation of parental obligations and responsibilities in criminal law policies has not been formulated systematically and integrated, so its effectiveness is limited in preventing child crime. It is concluded that the importance of reformulating criminal law policies oriented towards a preventive and restorative approach, prioritizing the principle of the child's best interests. This study is limited to criminal law threats related to parental obligations and responsibilities in preventing child crime
Analysis of Legal Protection for Buyers in the Transfer of Apartment Unit Rights Prior to the Signing of the Deed of Sale and Purchase
No full textThe increasing demand for housing in urban areas has encouraged the development of apartment buildings as an alternative solution to meet residential needs. In practice, transactions for the sale and purchase of apartment units are often conducted before the completion of construction through a Sale and Purchase Binding Agreement (Perjanjian Pengikatan Jual Beli/PPJB), which raises legal issues related to ownership certainty and legal protection for buyers. This study aims to analyze the legal regulations governing ownership and the transfer of rights to apartment units, as well as to assess the binding force of the PPJB as an instrument of legal protection for buyers prior to the execution of the Deed of Sale and Purchase (Akta Jual Beli/AJB). This research employs a normative legal research method using a statutory approach and a conceptual approach. The analysis is conducted qualitatively on primary, secondary, and tertiary legal materials. The results indicate that legal ownership of apartment units arises juridically only after the fulfillment of legal requirements, including the completion of construction, the separation of apartment units, the execution of the Deed of Sale and Purchase before a Land Deed Official, and the issuance of a certificate in the buyer’s name. The PPJB merely creates a personal legal relationship and therefore does not transfer proprietary rights to the buyer. Consequently, in cases where the developer defaults or becomes bankrupt, buyers who only hold a PPJB are positioned as concurrent creditors and do not possess preferential rights over the bankruptcy estate. These findings demonstrate the limitations of legal protection for apartment buyers at the pre-AJB stage, highlighting the need for stronger regulatory measures to ensure legal certainty and consumer protection in apartment transactions
Makna dan Peran Ekoliterasi Dalam Pembetukan Identitas Profesional Mahasiswa Perpustakaan dan Sains Informasi
No full textThis study aims to analyze the meaning and role of ecoliteracy in shaping the professional identity of library and information science students. The global challenge of the environmental crisis and the ever-growing demands of the librarianship profession make the integration of ecological values into the education of prospective librarians crucial. The approach used in this study is descriptive qualitative, with data collection conducted through observation and in-depth interviews with nine respondents from the library and information science program at Muhammadiyah University of Sinjai. Based on the data analysis, the results of this study reveal three main findings. First, students' understanding of ecoliteracy is still limited, often viewed only as practical environmental concerns and not as systemic ecological awareness. Second, the internalization of ecoliteracy values into the professional attitudes of prospective librarians is still low. This is due to the lack of integration of ecoliteracy concepts into the curriculum, the lack of role models, and the absence of adequate guidance. Third, ecoliteracy is seen as a complementary element that can enrich and modernize the image of the librarian profession, but has not yet become the core of their professional identity. This study concludes that ecoliteracy has strategic potential to shape librarian identities that are relevant to the global challenges of sustainability. To achieve this, systemic support is needed through the integration of ecoliteracy into the curriculum, academic activities, and real-world practices in higher education.
Keywords: Ecoliteracy, Professional Identity, Librarian.AbstrakPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis makna dan peran ekoliterasi dalam pembentukan identitasi profesional mahasiswa program studi perpustakaan dan sains informasi. Tantangan global akan krisis lingkungan dan tuntutan profesi kepustakawanan yang terus berkembang menjadikan integrasi nilai ekologis dalam pendidikan calon pustakawan menjadi sangat penting. Pendekatan dalam penelitian ini yaitu kualitatif deskriptif dimana pengumpulan data melalui observasi dan wawancara mendalam terhadap sembilan responden mahasiswa perpustakaan dan sains informasi universitas muhammadiyah sinjai. Berdasarkan analisis data, hasil penelitian ini mengungkapkan tiga temuan utama. Pertama, pemahaman mahasiswa mengenai ekoliterasi masih terbatas, seringkali hanya dipandang sebagai kepedulian lingkungan praktis dan belum sebagai kesadaran ekologis sistemik. Kedua, internalisasi nilai-nilai ekoliterasi ke dalam sikap profesional calon pustakawan masih rendah. Hal ini disebabkan karena kurangnya integrasi konsep ekoliterasi kedalam kurikulum, minimnya keteladanan, dan tidak adanya pembimbingan yang memadai. Ketiga, ekoliterasi dipandang sebagai elemen pelengkap yang dapat memperkaya dan memodernisasi citra profesi pustakawan, namun belum menjadi inti dari identitas profesional mereka. Studi ini menyimpulkan bahwa ekoliterasi memiliki potensi strategis untuk membentuk identitas pustakawan yang relevan dengan tantangan global tentang keberlanjutan. Untuk mewujudkannya, diperlukan dukungan sistemik melalui integrasi ekoliterasi ke dalam kurikulum, kegiatan akademik, dan praktik nyata di perguruan tinggi.
Kata Kunci: Ekoliterasi, Identitas Profesional, Pustakawa
PERLINDUNGAN HUKUM TERHADAP PASIEN DALAM LAYANAN JASA KONSULTASI DOKTER DI APLIKASI HALODOC DITINJAU DARI HUKUM ISLAM
Full text linkAbstrak
Perkembangan teknologi digital di bidang kesehatan telah mendorong hadirnya layanan telemedicine sebagai alternatif akses medis yang cepat dan praktis, namun model layanan ini juga menimbulkan permasalahan hukum ketika manfaat layanan tersebut tidak diterima oleh pengguna meskipun pembayaran telah dilakukan. Penelitian ini berfokus pada analisis keabsahan kontrak ijarah dan relevansi prinsip-prinsip maqasid al-syariah dalam menilai praktik layanan konsultasi kesehatan pada platform Halodoc, terutama dalam kondisi ketika pengguna tidak menerima pelayanan medis dan tidak mendapatkan mekanisme pengembalian dana. Dengan menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif melalui studi kasus dan analisis fiqh muamalah, penelitian tersebut menemukan bahwa transaksi konsultasi di Halodoc termasuk dalam kategori ijarah al-khadamat, namun terjadi secara ilegal jika manfaat tidak diberikan sehingga penyedia jasa tidak berhak mempertahankan ujrah. Ambiguitas pengembalian dana memperkuat unsur gharar yang dilarang dalam sayri'ah karena menciptakan ketidakpastian dan kerugian sepihak. Dalam hal penerapan maqasid al-syariat, kegagalan pelayanan berdampak pada pelanggaran hifz al-nafs karena pasien tidak mendapatkan arahan medis tepat waktu dan merugikan hifz al-mal akibat hilangnya harta benda pengguna tanpa ganti rugi yang layak. Penelitian menyimpulkan bahwa telemedicine Halodoc belum sepenuhnya memenuhi prinsip keadilan dan kepastian hukum Islam, sehingga perlu dilakukan perbaikan mekanisme pelayanan, transparansi pengembalian dana, dan peningkatan keandalan sistem agar telemedicine dapat sejalan dengan prinsip syariah dan memberikan manfaat yang optimal bagi masyarakat.
Kata kunci: Ijarah, Maqasid al-syari'ah, Telemedicine.
Abstract
The development of digital technology in the healthcare sector has encouraged the emergence of telemedicine services as an alternative for fast and practical medical access. However, this service model also raises legal issues when the benefits of the service are not received by the user even though payment has been made. This study focuses on analyzing the validity of the ijarah contract and the relevance of the principles of maqasid al-Shari'ah in assessing the practice of health consultation services on the Halodoc platform, particularly in situations where the user does not receive medical care and is not provided with a refund mechanism. Using a qualitative approach through case studies and analysis of muamalah jurisprudence, the study found that consultation transactions on Halodoc fall under the category of ijarah al-khadamat, but are illegal if the benefits are not provided, thus depriving the service provider of the right to retain the ujrah. The ambiguity of the refund reinforces the element of gharar, which is prohibited in Islamic law because it creates uncertainty and unilateral loss. In terms of the application of maqasid al-Shari'ah, service failure results in a violation of hifz al-nafs because the patient does not receive timely medical advice and harms hifz al-mal due to the loss of the user's property without adequate compensation. The study concluded that Halodoc telemedicine does not fully comply with the principles of justice and certainty under Islamic law. Therefore, improvements to service mechanisms, transparency in refunds, and system reliability are needed to ensure telemedicine aligns with Sharia principles and provides optimal benefits to the community.
Keywords: Ijarah, Maqasid al-Shari'ah, Telemedicine
The Implications of Presidential Instruction Number 1 of 2025 on Educational Budget Efficiency from a Siyāsah Māliyyah Perspective
Full text linkPresidential Instruction of the Republic of Indonesia Number 1 of 2025 concerning efficiency in the implementation of the State and Regional Budgets has direct implications for education budget management at the regional level. This study aims to analyze the implications of budget efficiency policies on education budget management at the Education and Culture Office of Lampung Province and to examine them from the perspective of Fiqh Siyasah. This research employs a qualitative method using normative and empirical approaches, with data collected through documentation studies, observation, and interviews with relevant stakeholders. The findings indicate that the implementation of budget efficiency policies in Lampung Province encourages sharper prioritization of education spending, particularly in improving learning quality, strengthening educational facilities, and ensuring equitable access to education. However, it also limits the flexibility of certain development programs considered less urgent. From the perspective of Fiqh Siyasah, budget efficiency policies are consistent with the principles of public welfare (maslahah), distributive justice, and the prohibition of waste (israf), provided that they do not undermine the fulfillment of citizens’ fundamental right to education. This study concludes that education budget efficiency can be aligned with the principles of Fiqh Siyasah when it is oriented toward sustainable educational services and overall public welfare
The Urgency of Reformulating Election Dispute Resolution in Indonesia: A Comparative Study
Full text linkThe Indonesian concept of the rule of law fundamentally adopts key elements of the Rechtstaat tradition, prioritizing the supremacy of law as the ultimate instrument in governing national life, where the protection of Human Rights is not merely a legalistic formality but the core spirit animating every regulation to ensure that popular sovereignty remains within the corridors of respect for human dignity. However, current realities demonstrate that the protection of the right to vote and be elected in Indonesia has undergone significant degradation due to legal uncertainty arising from the highly complex fragmentation of election dispute resolution bodies, involving at least five different institutions with frequently overlapping authorities, thereby creating a confusing judicial bureaucratic labyrinth. This study employs a normative legal research method with statutory, comparative, and conceptual approaches through literature study techniques to analyze the problems of the electoral legal structure descriptively and prescriptively, integrating Lawrence M. Friedman’s legal system theory and Gustav Radbruch’s triad of legal goals to holistically examine the aspects of justice, certainty, and legal utility. The results reveal that the phenomenon of sectoral ego within Indonesia’s electoral law enforcement system reflects a democratic paradox where an excessively broad distribution of authority, lacking integrative hierarchical coordination, creates conflicting decisions and delegitimizes the integrity of general election results. As a strategic solution, this study recommends reformulating the dispute resolution model through the establishment of a tiered "one-door system" special electoral court under the auspices of the Supreme Court to guarantee the synchronization of rulings as well as procedural and substantive legal certainty without necessitating an amendment to the 1945 Constitution, provided that the Constitutional Court's authority to adjudicate result disputes remains constitutionally preserved
Comparison of Indonesia and Thailand Adoption Regulations: Dialectics of Legal Certainty and Protection of the Best Interests of Children
Full text linkAdoption is a legal institution that has long-term civil implications for the identity status, family relationships, and rights of children as legal subjects. Differences in adoption regulatory approaches between countries directly impact the level of legal certainty and the quality of child rights protection. This study aims to analyze the comparative legal construction of adoption regulations in Indonesia and Thailand in ensuring legal certainty, as well as to examine the implementation of the principle of the best interests of the child as an effort to protect children's rights. This study uses a qualitative method with a normative-comparative legal approach through an analysis of related laws and regulations, doctrines with Indonesian regulatory laws, such as Law Number 35 of 2014 concerning Child Protection, Government Regulation Number 54 of 2007 concerning the Implementation of Child Adoption, the Compilation of Islamic Law (KHI), and Articles 1598/19–1598/37 of the Thai Criminal Code. The results of the study indicate that Indonesia has built an adoption system within an administrative social protection framework that does not fully guarantee substantive legal certainty, particularly regarding the civil status and inheritance rights of adopted children. In contrast, Thailand has developed a legal assimilation-based adoption model that fully integrates adopted children into the family legal structure, thus providing more comprehensive and long-term legal certainty and protection of children's rights. The application of the child's best interests principle in Thailand has been institutionalized as a substantive legal standard, while in Indonesia it remains declarative-administrative. This study recommends the need for reformulation of legal policies on child adoption in Indonesia to strengthen substantive protection and ensure long-term legal certainty for adopted children
Analisis Kesalahan Bahasa Arab pada Siswa Kelas 3 Language Intensive Programs
Full text linkPenelitian ini berfokus pada identifikasi dan analisis bentuk-bentuk kesalahan berbahasa Arab, meliputi kesalahan fonologi, morfologi, sintaksis, dan semantik. Tujuan utama penelitian adalah untuk mengungkap pola dominan kesalahan serta faktor-faktor linguistik dan pedagogis yang memengaruhinya. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah deskriptif kualitatif dengan desain studi kasus, melalui teknik pengumpulan data berupa observasi pembelajaran, tes lisan dan tulis, serta wawancara dengan guru bidang studi. Data dianalisis menggunakan model analisis interaktif Miles dan Huberman melalui tahapan reduksi data, penyajian data, dan penarikan kesimpulan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kesalahan fonologi merupakan bentuk kesalahan yang paling dominan, terutama pada pengucapan huruf-huruf bersifat hamas, tafkhim-tarqiq, dan bunyi-bunyi guttural. Kesalahan morfologi muncul pada penggunaan pola tasrif dan pembentukan kata, sedangkan kesalahan sintaksis terlihat pada struktur jumlah ismiyah dan fi‘liyah. Adapun kesalahan semantik berkaitan dengan ketidaktepatan pemilihan makna kata. Faktor penyebab kesalahan meliputi interferensi bahasa ibu, kurangnya paparan fonologis, strategi pembelajaran yang belum variatif, dan terbatasnya latihan produksi bahasa. Implikasi penelitian ini menegaskan perlunya pengembangan metode pembelajaran berbasis drilling fonologi, pendekatan komunikatif, serta perbaikan materi ajar yang lebih kontekstual untuk meningkatkan akurasi berbahasa Arab siswa
Morphological Error Analysis: a Review of the Aspects of Imla and Insya Errors in Writing Arabic Sentence Structures at Muhammadiyah 5 Tangerang Middle School
Full text linkThis study aims to describe the forms of morphological errors in writing insyā’ in kitābah learning at Muhammadiyah Junior High School and calculate the percentage of their occurrence using the Error Analysis approach. The study used a descriptive qualitative method with data collection techniques in the form of documentation of students' writing results and interviews with subject teachers. The analysis process was carried out through four stages of error analysis, including: error identification, error classification, explanation of the source of errors, and calculation of the frequency and percentage of errors. The results showed that there were two dominant types of errors, namely harakat errors and letter writing errors, each accounting for 5 errors out of a total of 10 errors found. The percentage of errors showed that harakat errors reached 50%, while letter writing errors also reached 50%. These findings indicate that students' ability to apply the basic rules of Arabic morphology and orthography is still low, especially in terms of the accuracy of vocalization and letter formation. This study recommends strengthening error analysis-based exercises and structured remedial learning to improve students' insyā' skills
Problematika Penerapan Kurikulum Merdeka terhadap Pembelajaran Bahasa Arab di Madrasah Tsanawiyah Muslimin Indonesia Center (MIC) Samarinda
Full text linkThe purpose of this study is to determine the implementation of the Independent Curriculum in Arabic language learning at MTs Muslimin Indonesia Center, to identify emerging problems, and to provide solutions or recommendations to address these obstacles. This study uses a descriptive qualitative research method. The research approach includes a pedagogical approach, and a social. Data sources include the principal, Arabic language teachers, and the vice principal for curriculum. Data collection techniques consist of observation, interviews, and documentation, using observation guidelines, interview guidelines, and documentation checklists. Data analysis follows the Miles and Huberman model, including data reduction, data presentation, and conclusion drawing. The results show that the implementation of the Independent Curriculum still faces various obstacles, such as teachers' lack of understanding of the terms and concepts of the new curriculum, suboptimal preparation of learning tools, limited learning resources, minimal use of technology, and learning time that does not match the number of hours stipulated in the curriculum. However, in terms of assessment, no obstacles were found for Arabic language teachers. To address these challenges, this study recommends increasing teacher training and mentoring, as well as optimizing the implementation of project-based learning to improve students' Arabic language competency. Furthermore, proposed solutions include improving Arabic reading and writing habits, increasing the stock of textbooks, adjusting learning schedules.Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui penerapan Kurikulum Merdeka dalam pembelajaran Bahasa Arab di MTs Muslimin Indonesia Center, mengungkap permasalahan yang muncul, serta memberikan solusi atau rekomendasi terhadap kendala penerapannya. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian kualitatif deskriptif. Pendekatan penelitian mencakup pendekatan pedagogik, serta pendekatan sosial. Sumber data meliputi kepala sekolah, guru Bahasa Arab, dan wakil kepala sekolah bidang kurikulum. Teknik pengumpulan data terdiri dari observasi, wawancara, dan dokumentasi, dengan menggunakan instrument pedoman observasi, pedoman wawancara, dan daftar dokumentasi. Analisis data mengikuti model Miles dan Huberman, mencakup reduksi, penyajian data, dan penarikan kesimpulan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penerapan Kurikulum Merdeka masih menghadapi berbagai kendala, seperti kurangnya pemahaman guru terhadap istilah dan konsep kurikulum baru, belum optimalnya penyusunan perangkat pembelajaran, keterbatasan sumber belajar, minimnya pemanfaatan teknologi, serta waktu pembelajaran yang tidak sesuai dengan jumlah jam yang ditetapkan dalam kurikulum. Namun, dalam penilaian, tidak ditemukan hambatan bagi guru Bahasa Arab. Untuk mengatasi tantangan tersebut, penelitian ini merekomendasikan peningkatan pelatihan dan pendampingan bagi guru, serta optimalisasi penerapan pembelajaran berbasis proyek guna meningkatkan kompetensi bahasa Arab peserta didik. Selain itu, solusi yang diusulkan mencakup peningkatan kebiasaan membaca dan menulis dalam bahasa Arab, penambahan stok buku ajar, dan penyesuaian jadwal pembelajaran