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Effects of Oligomeric Proanthocyanidins in Adipocyte Differentiation
No full text目錄 i
圖目錄 iii
縮寫表 iv
中文摘要 1
英文摘要 3
第一章 前言
1-1 肥胖 5
1-2 脂肪細胞 6
1-3 脂肪組織 7
1-4 脂肪的代謝 8
1-5 前花青素 9
1-6 前花青素與脂肪 11
1-7 研究目標 12
第二章 材料與方法
2-1 細胞培養 14
2-2 葡萄糖的吸收 15
2-3 細胞計數與測量 15
2-4 Oil Red O stain 16
第三章 結果
3-1 前花青素對細胞生長的影響 17
3-2 前花青素影響脂肪細胞內脂肪含量 18
3-3 葡萄糖吸收 19
第四章 討論 13
4-1 前花青素影響 3T3-L 細胞脂肪堆積 21
4-2 前花青素影響 3T3-L1 生長 21
4-3 前花青素影響 3T3-L1 細胞葡萄糖吸收 22
4-4 前花青素對脂肪堆積之效應仍待釐清 23
4-5 結論 24
第五章 參考文獻 25
圖目錄
圖一、前花青素對細胞生長的影響 33
圖二、前花青素處理對細胞型態的影響 34
圖三、前花青素處理後 DAPI 染色圖 36
圖四、定量細胞脂肪 37
圖五、脂肪前驅細胞葡萄糖吸收 39[[abstract]]肥胖主要是脂肪組織堆積的結果，脂肪組織在生理上主要為哺乳動物能量儲存與代謝，並且對周圍組織有緩衝與障蔽的保護功能。而肥胖即為能量的吸收與消耗失去平衡導致脂肪組織堆積所致，進而引發多種併發症的產生，例如糖尿病、高血壓以及各種心血管疾病等。因此研究降低脂肪堆積的方法，可對國人健康有很大之助益。前花青素是植物所特有的多酚類化合物，以知具有許多對生理有益的功效，包括抗氧化、抗發炎、抗癌、及預防心血管疾病等。而在肥胖的生理代謝機制上，已有文獻指出前花青素可透過促進脂肪分解與抑制脂肪生成，來降低脂肪的堆積，但其機制尚不清楚。因此我們使用脂肪的前驅細胞3T3-L1，以胰島素做為細胞分化劑，使脂肪前驅細胞分化為成熟的脂肪細胞後，加入不同劑量的前花青素，透過細胞計數、利用Oil red O染色測量OD值及使用含放射線氚之葡萄糖，以了解前花青素對脂肪前驅細胞生長之影響，以及對脂肪堆積與葡萄糖吸收的效應。結果顯示在未使用胰島素誘導脂肪前驅細胞3T3-L1分化時，加入前花青素後計算第一至三天的細胞數目，發現前花青素會造成細胞數下降，在處理第一天就有顯著差異。利用DAPI染色發現細胞數目之減少並非細胞凋亡所致。而使用胰島素處理十一或十四天誘發細胞分化時，利用Oil red O染色明顯發現3T3-L1被誘分化，將Oil red O以異丙醇萃取，測量OD 510 nm定量脂肪累積量則發現，前花青素會促進十一天誘導分化的細胞的脂肪堆積，而抑制十四天誘導分化的細胞的脂肪堆積。利用加入含放射線氚之葡萄糖實驗，在未誘發分化的細胞前花青素並不影響葡萄糖的吸收，但在已分化的細胞前花青素會抑制葡萄糖的吸收。根據以上結果，我們發現前花青素對脂肪堆積的影響，有部分與前人的研究結果不同，因此這一部分還需進一步釐清。
Adipose tissues are energy store and metabolic tissues. Obesity is a result of an imbalance between energy intake and expenditure. Some medical conditions often accompany obesity, especially diabetes, cardiovascular disorders, and certain cancers. Therefore, study of methods for preventing obesity is necessary for improving human health. It has been shown that pine bark extract represents lipolysis effect, which may be mediated by the major components oligomeric proanthocyanidins (OPC). Natural products containing OPC, kinds of polyphenols, are popular healthy food to serve as a scavenger of free radical and for preventing inflammation, cancers, and cardiovascular diseases. It has been shown that OPC may decrease adipose accumulation through promoting lipolysis and inhibiting lipogenesis. However, its mechanism is still unclear. To address this issue, we used insulin to stimulate pre-adipocyte 3T3-L1 cells and co-treated OPC to study the effects of OPC in lipid accumulation. We also used cell counting for measuring cell viability, Oil red O staining for detecting lipid and addition of 3H-glucose for investigating glucose uptake. We found that treatment of OPC significantly decreased cell viability at day 1 to 3. To study whether this effect through apoptosis, we used DAPI to stain nuclei, and found that OPC-induced cell death was not through apoptosis. Then, we found that addition of insulin could induce differentiation of 3T3-L1 cells. We confirmed this effect by Oil red O staining. To quantify lipid accumulation, we extracted Oil red O by isopropanol, measured the absorbance under OD 510 nm and found that OPC increased lipid accumulation. We found that OPC promoted lipid accumulation in 11 day-insulin treated cells but inhibited this process in 14 day-insulin treated cells. We added 3H-glucose to access glucose uptake and found that OPC did not involve in undifferentiated cells but inhibited glucose uptake in 14 day-insulin treated cells. Our findings in this study did not confirm the results from previous reports totally. Therefore, the effects of OPC in lipid accumulation are remained to be further clarified
Develop of ammonium and nitrate sensing electrode
Get PDF授權書 ii
致謝 iii
中文摘要 iv
英文摘要 vi
第一章 緒論
1-1研究背景 -1-
1-2研究目的與動機 -2-
1-3論文架構 -4-
第二章 理論分析與探討
2-1文獻回顧 -6-
2-2感測器之種類與應用 -8-
2-3延伸式閘極感測場效電晶體之原理 -10-
2-4載體 -11-
2-5分光光度法 -12-
2-6氨態氮與硝酸鹽簡介
2-6.1氨態氮 -12-
2-6.2硝酸鹽 -13-
2-6.3硝酸鹽與銨離子之關係 -15-
2-6.4硝酸鹽之反應機制 -16-
2-7亞硝酸還原酶(NiR, nrfA) -18-
第三章 材料與方法
3-1材料 -19-
3-2量測系統 -20-
3-3實驗流程 -21-
3-4 ITO/PET製作方式 -22-
3-5銨電極製備 -23-
3-6硝酸鹽電極製備 -24-
3-7亞硝酸還原酶製備
3-7.1基因選殖 -25-
3-7.2基因轉型大腸桿菌 -25-
3-7.3誘導蛋白質表現 -25-
3-7.4蛋白質純化 -25-
3-8亞硝酸鹽分光光度法 -27-
第四章 結果與討論
4-1可繞性感測器探討 -28-
4-2銨感測元件特性探討
4-2.1檢測範圍 -29-
4-2.2銨感測電極校正曲線 -30-
4-2.3不同pH值之溶液 -31-
4-2.4離子干擾 -32-
4-3 硝酸鹽感測電極特性探討
4-3.1硝酸鹽感測電極校正曲線 -33-
4-4亞硝酸還原酶製備
4-4.1序列片段與載體 -36-
4-4.2設計primer -37-
4-4.3 PCR -38-
4-4.4切膠回收 -39-
4-4.5確認回收 -40-
4-5亞硝酸鹽分光光度法 -41-
第五章 結論 -42-
參考文獻 -43-[[abstract]]硝酸鹽和亞硝酸鹽是主要用作食品防腐劑和施肥劑。然而這些離子的連續攝入可能會嚴重影響人類的健康。特別是亞硝酸鹽可能有不可逆的反應，使血紅蛋白產生高鐵血紅蛋白，減少血液運輸氧的能力。意識到這些危險，大多數工業化國家在環境，食品和生理樣品都有在控制和監測亞硝酸鹽水平。歐盟已建立亞硝酸鹽的飲用水最高允許水平在0.1 mg/l。
由於硝酸鹽可以經由還原作用還原成銨根離子，以及對於環境（氨態氮）和人體（尿素氮）檢測銨離子濃度的需求，因此設計出具有體積小、重量輕、可靠度高、精確度高、性能佳、成本低和大量生產等優點之銨根離子感測電極以及硝酸鹽感測電極。
本論文係利用分離架構之延伸式ITO/PET離子感測場效電晶體製作一種耐用型的銨根離子選擇電極，並探討各個參數對整體反應之影響。經由一連串之實驗結果得知此銨根離子選擇電極於20 mM Tris (pH 7.5) 之工作環境下有最佳反應曲線，可偵測銨根離子濃度為10-5 ~ 1M 之範圍，線性部分之平均感測度為55.09 mV / pNH4+，干擾部分加入鈉及鉀會些許影響感測度，但線性不會受到影響。硝酸鹽感測電極部分，則利用硝酸鹽離子選擇物進行實驗，目前得到較好的量測環境為使用去離子水配置的亞硝酸鈉待測液，其感測度為-16.11 mV / pNO3-。亞硝酸感測電極部分，先製備亞硝酸還原酶，作為固定於銨根離子選擇電極上之亞硝酸生物感測器應用，實驗中已利用大腸桿菌表現出亞硝酸還原酶蛋白。分光光度法則得到線性0.9997以及y=0.01+0.01x之斜率，此方法能初估亞硝酸鹽之濃度。
Nitrates and nitrites are largely used as food preservatives and fertilizing agents. However, the continuous ingestion of these ions can have serious implications for human health. Particularly, nitrites can react irreversibly with hemoglobin to produce methemoglobin, therefore reducing blood capacity to transport oxygen. Aware of these hazards, most industrial countries are controlling and monitoring the nitrites level in the environment, food products and physiological samples. The European Community has established the maximum admissible levels of nitrite in drinking water at 0.1 mg/l.
In this study, the extended-gate field effect transistor of the ITO/PET was applied to fabricate the durable ammonium ion selective electrode and confer with the influence. After a series of the experiments, the optimized measurement environment of the ammonium ion selective electrode was in 20mM Tris (pH 7.5) and the best response curves can be gotten. The ammonium ion selective electrode structure can detect the ammonium ion concentration from 10-5 ~ 1M, and sensitivity of the linear range is about 50.09 mV/pNH4+. The interference part of the join Na+ and K+ would slightly affect the sense of measure, but linearity will not be affected. Nitrate sensor electrode part, the use of a nitrate ion-selective material to experiment to get a better measurement environment NaNO3 test solution using the DI configuration, and its sense of measure is -16.11 mV / pNO3-. Nitrite sensor electrode part, the first preparation of nitrite reductase, after the fixed ammonium ion selective electrode, execute biosensor response test, the experiment showed trace amounts of nitrite reductase protein, follow-up will use the technology of a large number of purifiedto purified nitrite reductase. The spectrophotometric method is linear 0.9997 and y = 0.01 0.01x the slope, this method preliminary estimates suggest that the concentration of nitrite
Chlorellaceae,the Ulva fasciata,Porphyra crispata kjellman in the difference between cosmetic purposes and mechanisms.
Get PDF中文摘要……………………………………………………………iv
英文摘要........................................vi
謝誌………………………………………………………………viii
目錄............................................ix
表目錄.........................................xiii
圖目錄..........................................xiv
第一章 序論
第一節 前言……………………………………………………1
第二節 研究動機與目的………………………………………3
第二章 文獻整理
第一節 海藻介紹………………………………………………4
一、何謂藻類…………………………………………………5
二、藻類的分佈與種類………………………………………5
三、綠藻之相關介紹…………………………………………5
四、紅藻之相關介紹…………………………………………6
五、小球藻之介紹……………………………………………8
六、裂片石蓴之介紹……………………………………… 10
七、皺紫菜之介紹………………………………………… 12
第二節 人體皮膚結構
一、表皮層……………………………………………………14
二、真皮層……………………………………………………15
三、皮下組織…………………………………………………15
第三節 皮膚老化
一、皮膚老化的特徵………………………………………..16
二、皮膚老化的相關機制……………………………………16
三、皮膚障壁功能……………………………………………17
四、紫外線與皮膚老化之關係………………………………17
第四節 自由基
一、自由基分類………………………………………………19
二、自由基與活性氧對生物體之危害………………………20
三、自由基與老化之相關性…………………………………21
第五節 人體中的抗氧化系統
一、酵素性抗氧化系統……………………………………21
二、非酵素性抗氧化系統…………………………………22
第三章 材料與方法
第一節 實驗架構………………………………………………26
第二節 實驗材料與方法
一、實驗儀器與材料………………………………………28
二、抗氧化功能測定試劑……………………………………28
三、細胞培養與分析之藥品…………………………………29
第三節 實驗方法
一、保濕功能測定…………………………………………30
(一)水合作用測定…………………………………………30
(二)經皮水分散失值測定…………………………………31
二、抗氧化功能測定…………………………………………32
(一)DPPH自由基清除能力測定……………………………32
(二)螯合亞鐵離子能力測定………………………………33
(三)還原力測定……………………………………………34
三、細胞培養……………………………………………35
(一)附著性細胞之培養……………………………………35
(二)細胞的繼代培養………………………………………35
(三)細胞解凍與保存………………………………………36
四、細胞存活率實驗…………………………………………36
(一)MTT assay……………………………………………………37
第四節 統計分析………………………………………38
第四章 結果與討論
第一節 保濕有效性評估
一、水合作用……………………………………………………38
二、經皮水分散失值…………………………………………..39
第二節 抗氧化測試
一、DPPH 自由基清除能力測定……………………………40
二、螯合亞鐵離子能力測定…………………………………41
三、還原力測定………………………………………………42
第三節 細胞存活率
MTT assay………………………………………………43
第五章 結論…………………………………………………………45
第六章 參考文獻…………………………………………………46[[abstract]]本研究是利用綠藻中最大生物裂片石蓴(Ulva fasciata)及最小生物小球藻(Chlorellaceae)將二者以不同的萃取方法進行比較，同時也對尚未在美粧界開發的皺紫菜(Porphyra crispata kjellman)進行探討，小球藻以溫度120℃萃取，酒精沉澱(小球藻I型，Chlo-lacⅠ)及85℃萃取，酒精沉澱(小球藻Ⅱ型，Chlo-lac Ⅱ);裂片石蓴120℃萃取，酒精沉澱(裂片石蓴Ⅰ型，Ulva-fasⅠ)及120℃萃取，冷凍乾燥 (裂片石蓴Ⅱ型，Ulva-fasⅡ)、皺紫菜萃取出紫菜油(Por-cri)分別探討這些萃取物之保濕性、抗氧化活性及細胞存活率之影響。
保濕性測定包括水合作用及經皮水散失值(TEWL)。抗氧化活性測定包括DPPH自由基清除力、螯合亞鐵離子能力、還原力測定。細胞存活率測定，MTT assay。
保濕性測定中，水合作用結果顯示只有小球藻表現出水合保濕效果。而實驗結果證實三種海藻都具有穿皮失水率障壁功能，更讓人注目的是以冷凍乾燥萃取的裂片石蓴Ⅱ型，保濕障壁功能更強於酒精沉澱的裂片石蓴Ⅰ型。
在抗氧化活性中，濃度於10mg/ml的條件下，小球藻Ⅰ型和Ⅱ型的DPPH清除率達67~71%，二者幾乎相同；裂片石蓴Ⅰ型表現強於裂片石蓴Ⅱ型。
螯合亞鐵離子實驗中，在濃度10mg/ml條件下，小球藻Ⅰ型Ⅱ型的螯合能力分別是65%及63% ;裂片石蓴Ⅰ型Ⅱ型分別是55%及57%;皺紫菜可達到66%，在還原力的實驗中，小球藻Ⅱ型的還原力是93%強於I型55%的還原力。裂片石蓴在DPPH自由基清除能力和還原力的實驗結果中，濃度於10mg/ml裂片石蓴Ⅱ型的清除率強於裂片石蓴Ⅰ型。
在細胞存活率實驗中，藻類萃取液的濃度，從不加藥到10mg/ml的條件下，結果顯示Ha Cat、B16、Hela細胞的存活率基本上沒有什麼改變，證實這些藻類萃取液對細胞幾乎沒有殺傷作用。
以上結果為海藻在美容、防止老化及臨床應用提供了良好的科學依據，也證實了作為化妝品基質的可行性。
This study tries to make a comparison between ulva fasciata the largest class of green algae and chlorellaceae the smallest class of green algae by using different extraction methods, and also explores the effect of porphyra crispata kjellman that have not yet been developed in beauty and make-up field. To probe into the effect of algae on moisture retention, antioxidant activity and cell viability, chlorellaceae are extracted under 120℃ (chlo-lacⅠ) and 85℃ (chlo-lacⅡ) and settle in alcohol, while ulva fasciata are extracted under 120℃ and settle in alcohol (ulva fasciataⅠ) or freeze dried (ulva fasciataⅡ), por-cri oil are extracted from porphyra crispata kjellman.
Moisture retention tests cover hydration and transepidermal water loss (TEWL) values. Antioxidant activity tests involve diphenyl picryl hydrazinyl radical scavenging capacity, Fe2+-chelation ability, reducing power, cell viability and MTT assay.
In moisture retention tests, hydration results show that only chlorellaceae have hydrated moisture effect. Experimental results indicate the TEWL barrier function of the three kinds of marine algae. More significantly, ulva fasciataⅡ extracted by the freeze drying method are superior to ulva fasciata Ⅰ settled in alcohol in terms of moisture retention barrier effect.
In antioxidant activity tests under conditions of the 10mg/ml concentration, chlorellaceae Ⅰ and Ⅱ have almost the same DPPH scavenging rate of 67～71%; ulva fasciata Ⅰ is better than ulva fasciataⅡ.
In Fe2+ chelation ability tests under conditions of the 10mg/ml concentration, the chelation capabilities of chlorellaceae Ⅰ and Ⅱ are 65% and 63% respectively; ulva fasciata Ⅰ and Ⅱ’s chelation capabilities are 55% and 57% respectively, while porphyra crispata kjellman’ chelation capability reaches 66%. In reducing power tests, chlorellaceae Ⅱ is more powerful with 93% reducing power than chlorellaceaeⅠ with 55% reducing power. DPPH radical scavenging capacity and reducing power tests for ulva fasciata under the 10mg/ml concentration show that ulva fasciata Ⅱ have more scavenging capacity than ulva fasciata Ⅰ .
In cell viability tests of the algae extracts under the concentration of zero to 10mg/ml, results show that basically the viability of Ha Cat, B16 and Hela cells has few changes, indicating these extracts have hardly any killing effect on cells.
The above results provide a solid scientific basis for application of marine algae in beauty, anti-aging and clinical fields, and also confirm the feasibility of marine algae as cosmetics base materials
Evalution of the malodor and air pollutants in high malodor pollution industrial park
No full text目錄
中文摘要 II
Abstract IV
致謝 VI
圖目錄 XI
表目錄 XII
第一章 前言 1
1-1 研究背景 1
1-2 研究目的 3
第二章 文獻探討 4
2-1 臭味定義 4
2-2 臭味來源 4
2-3 臭味物質 6
2-4 臭味引起的健康危害 7
2-5 臭味測定方法 10
2-6 臭味控制方法 12
2-6-1 臭味防制策略 12
2-6-2 臭味生物處理技術 13
2-7 臭味相關研究 14
第三章 材料與方法 16
3-1 實驗試劑及材料 16
3-2 使用儀器 17
3-3 研究架構 19
3-4 研究對象 20
3-5 採樣原則 20
3-6 臭味評估 22
3-6-1 臭味樣本收集 22
3-6-2 嗅覺判定員選任試驗 22
3-6-3 嗅覺判定員選任注意事項 23
3-6-4 臭味強度記錄 24
3-6-5 臭味濃度官能測定 24
3-7 環境與空氣污染物測定 25
3-7-1 環境與空氣污染物瞬時測定 26
3-7-2 硫化物（H2S、MeSH、CS2、DMS、DMDS）分析 26
3-7-3 鄰近監測站數據整理 28
3-8 統計分析 29
第四章 結果與討論 30
4-1 臭味評估結果 30
4-1-1 臭味強度及發生頻率測定結果 30
4-1-2 臭味污染濃度測定結果 31
4-2 環境狀況測定結果 32
4-3 工業區空氣污染物測定結果 33
4-3-1 本研究空氣污染物測定結果 33
4-3-2 鄰近監測站空氣污染物測定結果 34
4-4 相關性統計分析結果 36
4-4-1 環境及空氣污染物與臭味相關性結果 36
4-4-2 監測站測定與臭味相關性結果 37
第五章 結論與建議 40
參考文獻 42
附錄一 冷凍捕集裝置設定條件 64[[abstract]]本研究目的為評估高臭味污染工業區臭味污染之發生頻率、強度及濃度，並測定環境狀況與臭味有關空氣污染物，以評估科學工業區臭味污染情形及關鍵因素。研究對象為南部某高臭味污染工業區，於園區內規畫鄰近住宅區及學區為採樣區域，依棋盤方式設計9個採樣點，於秋、春兩季在白天上班時段各進行五天，每天每點六個時段瞬時測定，項目包括(1)臭味強度測定：每點以3位嗅覺判定員進行臭味強度記錄，(2)環境與空氣污染物測定：溫度、濕度、風向、風速、NH3、TVOCs、PM10、PM2.5、PM1等；並依採樣時段，收集鄰近環保署監測站測定資料，項目包括：PM10、PM2.5、CH4、CO、NMHC、NO、NO2、NOx、O3、SO2、THC等。同時於測定日上、中、下風處之規劃採樣點，以5、10 L採樣袋採集臭氣樣本，每採樣日上午、下午各收集2樣本，一袋進行嗅覺官能測定，另一袋進行硫化物（H2S、MeSH、CS2、DMS、DMDS）成分分析，並將臭味強度測定及環境狀況與空氣污染物測定結果進行相關性探討。
本研究結果發現，秋季及春季臭味強度等級1 ~ 5發生頻率佔76.5％，得知園區內白天上班時段經常有臭味污染發生，且假日與非假日無太大差別；A5採樣點秋季及春季，發生高臭味等級4~5頻率分別佔66.7％及36.6％，其臭味濃度分別為300.0 ~ 671.6 OC、100.0 ~ 222.8 OC，明顯高出其他測點，推測此點可能為發生臭味污染的主要來源之一。本研究發現下風處秋季臭味濃度為100.0 ~ 144.5 OC，超出法規標準50 OC，因此工業區產生的臭味污染確實會影響到附近居民。
環境測定結果顯示，工業區PM10濃度秋季及春季分別為134.3 ~ 345.9 μg/m3、122.2 ~ 297.3 μg/m3；PM2.5濃度為129.8 ~ 316.2 μg/m3、97.8 ~ 271.1 μg/m3；PM1濃度為99.6 ~ 241.8 μg/m3、82.9 ~ 212.9 μg/m3；TVOCs濃度為4.2 ~ 35.8 ppb、43.0 ~ 200.1 ppb，其餘項目測值低於分析方法及儀器偵測極限。
相關性統計結果發現工業區臭味強度於不同季節分別與溫度、濕度、風速、PM10、PM2.5、PM1、TVOCs、CH4及THC有達統計上顯著相關（P＜0.05）且與風速、NO2、NOx有邊緣相關性（P＜ 0.1），再經由線性複迴歸統計發現，工業區臭味強度主要與風速及TVOCs有顯著相關，風速增加1 m/s時臭味強度為減少0.154、而當TVOCs增加1 ppb時臭味強度增加0.001。
本研究實地了解高臭味污染工業區之臭味污染發生頻率、強度及濃度，探討臭味污染之可能來源及關鍵因素，將可做為往後為評估科學工業區臭味污染問題評估模式之參考。
The purpose of this research is to evaluate the frequency, intensity, and concentration of malodor pollution in highly malodor-polluted industrial zones, and detect the environment status and odor-related pollutant to evaluate the situation and critical factors of the malodor pollution.
The research subject is an anonymous highly malodor-polluted industrial park located in southern Taiwan, with the sampling area defined as the neighboring residency and schooling district. The sampling area is divided into nine sampling points by chessboard design, and is detected immediately six times per day during working hours, with five days each in Spring and Fall.
The detection items included, (1) Odor intensity – three certified smelling detectors each sampling point. (2) Environment status and airpollutants – temperature, humidity, wind direction and speed, NH3, TVOCs, PM10, PM2.5, and PM1. Data are also collected from nearby measuring units of the Environmental Protection Administration, items included PM10, PM2.5, CH4, CO, NMHC, NO, NO2, NOx, O3, SO2, and THC. Smelling gas samples are collected in 5 and 10 L sampling bags in the upwind, mid-wind and downwind areas, and collected twice per day, once in the morning and once in the afternoon, with two samples each time. One sample bag was processed with functional smelling test, and the other sample bag was analyzed sulfides compounds. The result of odor intensity detection and environment and air-pollutant detection is discussed regarding their relativity.
The research results show that the occurrence frequency of odor intensity 1~5 is 76.5% in Spring and Fall, which indicates malodor pollution occurs often during working hours and little difference regarding weekdays and weekends. The A5 sampling point has a 66.7% and 36.6% occurrence frequency of a highly smell intensity 4~5 in Spring and Fall, with a smell concentration 300.0~671.6 OC and 100.0~222.8 OC, which is significantly higher than other sampling points, indicating A5 being the source of the smell pollution. It is discovered that the odor concentration of downwind area in Fall is 100.0~144.5 OC, which exceeds the regulation by 50 OC. Therefore, the odor pollution produced by the industrial zone will definitely affect the neighborhood.
The environment detection result shows that the PM10 concentration in Fall and Spring is 134.3~345.9 μg/m3 and 122.2~297.3 μg/m3, the PM2.5 concentration in Fall and Spring is 129.8~316.2 μg/m3 and 97.8~271.1 μg/m3, the PM2.5 concentration in Fall and Spring is 129.8~316.2 μg/m3 and 97.8~271.1 μg/m3, the PM1 concentration in Fall and Spring is 99.6~241.8 μg/m3 and 82.9 ~ 212.9 μg/m3, the TVOCs concentration in Fall and Spring is 4.2 ~ 35.8 ppb and 43.0 ~ 200.1 ppb, other measurements are below the limitation of the analysis method and detection.
The statistic relativity research result shows that odor intensity is significantly related with temperature, humidity, wind speed, PM10, PM2.5, PM1, TVOCs, CH4, and THC (P<0.05).
Highly malodor-pollution definitely exists in the industrial zone, this research can be critical to later research in evaluation of the smell-pollution issues in scientific industrial zones.
Key words: industrial zones, malodor pollution, environment pollutant
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