Logistics and Transport (E-Journal)
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Activity Based Costing in Decomposition of the Road Transport Task
Get PDFThe objective of this publication is to translate the activities included in road transport task into the language of tasks and to ascribe appropriate costs and economic effectiveness indicators to them. Such a representation is new in literature and serves as the base for any further analysis of costs carried in an international road cargo transport company. The suggested indicators refer to both direct and indirect costs which are carried. They also allow to evaluate the work of people involved in the organization and realisation of transport tasks. Additionally, the suggested cumulative indicators allow for the evaluation of transport tasks from the perspective of operational management of the company.The usage of the IT systems proved to be extremely helpful in this respect as they generate all the required information on the spot
Analysis of the Relations between the Road Category and the Fatality of Road Transport Accidents
Get PDFImproving of road infrastructure results in raised transport efficiency and reduced number and fatality of road accidents; it also has a favourable impact on the course of logistic operations. The current relations between the road category in the general meaning and the fatality of road transport accidents, which significantly affect the so-called external costs of transport, have been analysed in this paper. These costs predominantly depend on the risk of an accident with casualties and on the unit cost of a road accident.Indicators have been defined that may facilitate quantitative describing of the fatality of accidents and the share of accidents in the external costs of transport. Numerical values have been determined that describe the current accident hazards on Polish roads of specific categories. The trend lines of the changes in safety indicators facilitate the forecasting inference, which is indispensable for planning the development of road transport and for moulding the external costs of transport. Particular attention has been given to results of the application of the theory of risk to the defining of the relation between the road category and the fatality of accidents. The calculated risk indicator values show quite stable trend lines, which may facilitate the use of such values for the evaluation of the fatality of accidents on roads of various categories
Ground-Based Localization of Means of Municipal Transport with Use of Long-Range RFID
Get PDFThe article presents the usability of RFID technology in the process of localization of means of municipal transport.The following sections describe division of localization systems, opportunities of RFID systems today, investigation of accessible tags and readers to the main aim of localization. The long range readers and the method of RFID localization were introduced in section 3. Finally, the paper presents existing long range readers and their parameters
Completation Of Items In High Storage Warehouse with the Expert System
Get PDFImprovement of logistics processes, searching for new solutions, access to fast and complete information, flexible reaction to changes - these are some of the reasons for making companies more competitive in contemporary market. Following the reasons given above the authors of the hereby paper strive for finding new solution to shorten lead time of completation process for items allocated in high storage warehouses. The goal of the paper is to introduce the most important aspects of high storage warehouses management, expert system used to allocate items in a warehouse and potential benefits emerging from application of artificial intelligence methodology in this area
Freight Transport in the United States and Chosen European and Asian Countries
Get PDFThe article consists of three parts. First part focuses on the development of goods conveyance (along with the consideration of particular transport branches) between 1980 and 2010 in the United States. Second part describes the development of commodity conveyance by means of transport of particular branches in the European Union in the same year, in Japan (1985-2008) and China (1980-2008). Last part is an attempt to indicate the differences in the structure of transport development in the United States and the European Union
Agent Systems as Modern methods in the Simulation Tools
Get PDFModern computer simulation tools are based on different mathematical models. The simplest of these models are rank as rigid computational methods like statistics or probability mathematics. To flexible, more complex computational methods we can classify artificial neural systems, genetic algorithm or fuzzy sets. Without doubt usage of this second group of models are becoming more universal. They are classified as methods of artificial intelligence. With regard to their mechanisms of teaching, neural systems are used for the purpose of optimization. They allow to describe different non-linear structure of the data and to classify them in the appropriate way. Statistic methods do not show optimum results in the non-linear spaces and spaces that are dimensionally complex. Agent methods that are used in the intelligent systems make possible to precisely simulate reality. Reality with huge amount of objects that are on the different level of abstraction. They are used for example in rout planning by means of GPS system, in the planning different logistic processes, in the economics, in the forecasting of meteorological phenomenons etc. Common feature of all forecasting methods are mistakes connected with discrepancy of simulation results and real value. In the literature there is no researches in mentioned discipline. Results of optimization presented in the article are obtained using agent systems. These results refer to finding the shortest way to the defined extreme by studying level of route complexity (multiple, amount of extremes), time of studying, mistakes of defining appropriate extreme. To authenticate results in case of different tools to simulation, researches have been conducted with five different simulation computer programs
Cooperation between Industry and Science – the Evaluation of Coordination of Operations
Get PDFCooperating with universities is complementary to other innovation activities such as performing own R&D, sourcing public information and cooperating with other partners. Poland will have to focus more strongly on developing capacities in innovation and business sophistication. Stronger clusters, more R&D orientation of companies, and intensified collaboration between universities and the private sector. The article presents research other and own study
Analysis of the Operation of a Stacker Crane with Simulation Methods
Get PDFThe paper presents a simulation model of a stacker crane used as a means of internal transport in storage systems. A dynamical model of a stacker crane has been developed in the discrete event driven simulation environment. Results of numerical experiments and time characteristics are presented for various trajectories of a crane
The Use of Stochastic Stock Model for Determination of the Optimal Quantity of Supply
Get PDFThis article deals with the use of stochastic model for determination of the optimal quantity of supply of supplier to automotive industry. Today manager's practice emphasizes the decrease of stocks. The main issues considered in this topic are: the mathematical stochastic stock model to determine the optimal quantity supply
Transportation Needs of Entrepreneurs in Wroclaw Agglomeration – Study Results
Get PDFThis paper deals with the integrated supply chain management problem in the context of a single vendor-single buyer system for which the production unit is assumed to randomly shift from an in-control to an out-of-control state. Two different strategies, integrating production, shipment and maintenance policies, are proposed and compared to satisfy the buyers order at a minimum integrated total cost rate. The first strategy is based on a classical production policy for which the buyer's order of size nQ is manufactured continuously and shipped by lots of size Q. The second strategy suggests that the same buyer's order should be produced and shipped separately by equal sized lots Q. For both strate- gies, a corrective or preventive maintenance action is performed at the end of each production cycle, depending on the state of the production unit, and a new setup is carried out. The total integrated average cost per time unit is consid- ered as the performance criterion allowing choosing the best policy for any given situation