Logistics and Transport (E-Journal)
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MARKETING FUNCTION and LOGISTICS REVISITED: Revised Dual Sub-functional Model Approach
Get PDFThis paper attempts to point out the continued confusion in some literature with respect to the concepts of marketing and logistics, and their relatedness. These are usually, and maybe inadvertently, treated as separate and independent functions. This frame of reference can often lead to costly mistakes. Authors frequently describe them as if they are two different functions: that of marketing, and that of logistics. Actually, logistics is a submix of marketing. The fact that logistics is a part of marketing is usually ignored. This kind of approach is still prevalent in most writing. Yet we must talk about two submixes of marketing, one of which is logistics, or servicing demand, and the other, which is obtaining demand. Therefore, the connection and interdependence of marketing and logistics terminology must be put into their proper place for correct and complete analysis. For this purpose, a Dual Subfunction Model is presented to tie together logistics and the remaining part of marketing. This model may serve as a guide for more accurate analyses, or at least as a reminder for consideration by novices
Model of Container Transport System in Long Distance Freightage – Analysis and Optimalization of Supply Chain
Get PDFThis article is about the integration idea of rail and road long-distance transport to increase the efficiency of the transport chain. The article compared two transport models - conventional (using road transport) and intermodal transport (using road and rail transport). The proposed intermodal model uses the Container Transport System for freight transport in relation: consolidation point (company) – container terminal – rail transport – container terminal – deconsolidation point and radial transport system of road transport to ensure door-to-door delivery. The model was examined to optimize cost, time, capacity and environmental factors. Moreover, in the article the main features of both models were identified and compared. Freight rates and the prices given in the article are consistent with the actual rates charged by carriers, but they are not an offe
Computer Techniques as Innovative Tool Supporting Decision Making Process Within Waste Collection in Cities
Get PDFOne of the priorities in modern concept of urban management is municipal waste management as a part of disposal or reverse logistics. Solving waste management problems as transport problems should embrace conditions of sustainable development. The paper presents aspects of organization of reverse logistics in Warsaw agglomeration including current situation and scale of the task. The selected aspects of multicriteria decision support are described and important elements of defining criteria preferences are pointed. The basis of MAJA method and rank method applied in SuperChoose software are presented. Application is a computer tool supporting decision making within selecting alternative ways of organization waste collection in urban area. Paper includes calculation example for real data from Warsaw agglomeration
Outsourcing as a Decision Having a Strategic Dimension that Influences the Creation of Competitive Advantage of Companies
Get PDFOutsourcing is the conception of enterprise management, which involves using external resources and thus in the transfer to outside business partner implementation of specific processes in the enterprise. It is a concept that is gaining more and more followers among company managers. Currently, shall indicate the outsourcing as an element in shaping the business strategy of the company, whose aim is to achieve a competitive advantage. Outsourcing of logistics services is becoming a visible trend in modern business management because the company that order can reduce costs, reduce the number of investment and commitment of capital and allocate it to other purposes, to increase the level and quality of services and to concentrate on their core competencies, offering greater flexibility in adjusting offer to their customers. Outsourcing is based on the principles of a close partnership, and therefore confidence plays a very important role. The service provider takes over responsibility for the proper functioning of the outsourced areas of the company, in the case of full outsourcing - for the overall functioning. The paper attempt to present the stages of outsourcing evolution and forms of outsourcing. In addition, areas of implementation of logistics outsourcing, outsourcing implementation process and the benefits of its use are identified
Artificial Intelligence Methods in Spare Parts Demand Forecasting
Get PDFThe paper discusses the problem of forecasting lumpy demand which is typical for spare parts. Several prediction methods are presented in the article – traditional techniques based on time series and advanced methods that use Artificial Intelligence tools. The research conducted in the paper focuses on comparison of eight forecasting methods, including classical, hybrid and based on artificial neural networks. The aim of the paper is to assess the efficiency of lumpy demand forecasting methods that apply AI tools. The assessment is conducted by a comparison with traditional methods and it is based on Root Mean Square Errors (RMSE) and relative forecast errors (ex post) values. The article presents also a new approach to the lumpy demand forecasting issue – a method which combines regression modelling, information criteria and artificial neural networks
National Logistics Network Design with Regard to Transport Co-Modality
Get PDFThe article presents a general approach to logistics network design for logistics system of Poland in aspect of co-modality. The main tasks realized by this network and its functions in cargo flow were defined. Special attention was paid to transport co-modality. Starting from the concept of co-modality the main principles for a national logistics network were defined
Method of Assessing Social Benefits of the Development of Inland Shipping Infrastructure in Poland
Get PDFTransport is one of the most important sectors of the national economy, which completes the manufacturing sector, is essential to the development of trade, and also has an impact on the population social development, i.e. the development of tourism and reduction of unemployment. Additionally, it enhances regional development and provides access to various services. On the other hand, transport creates significant external costs, which are wholly or partly covered by the public[1]. The highest costs are generated by road transport, much lower by inland shipping, railway and sea transport. Although there is a common consensus concerning the overall objectives: dealing with “fair and efficient pricing”, a transport system contributing to “a smart, sustainable and inclusive economy”, their practical realization encounters many problems and is far from straightforward.There are some publications relating to the valuation of external costs of inland shipping [4,5] but none of them analyzes specific aspects of inland waterway transport in Poland. This paper deals with the problem of assessing the benefits of the waterway infrastructure development in Poland and the proposed method of assessing the external costs of road and inland waterway transport, as an essential element in the assessment of the social benefits of each infrastructure investment
The Model of Railway Crossings as Areas of Analyses of Hazard Risk Management
Get PDFRailway crossings are included in transport infrastructure designated by junction of railway lines with public roads, which are crossed on the level of rails. At railway crossings numerous hazards of losses/damages and harms to people and objects - participants of land transport are generated. For the requirements of risk management at railway crossings, RC-RISK method (Railway Crossing - Risk) has been worked out. This method is the implementation of the integrated TRANS-RISK method of risk management in transport. This article presents the model of railway crossings as areas of analyses in RC-RISK method. The model of railway crossing in RC-RISK method is a result of implementation of the rules of accepted formal scheme of description of railway crossing. This paper presents this formal scheme of description identifying railway crossings. General and particular rules of identification of elements of the model of railway crossings are also presented. Created model consists of 13 fields considering selected legal, technical and local conditions of the operation of railway crossings. The Poznań Railway Junction is presented. This junction includes 39 railway crossings and passages. On the basis of the railway crossing located in Krzesiny Street, the application of the model as areas of analyses of hazard risk management with RC-RISK method is presented on the basis of the railway crossing in Krzesiny Street
The Method of Analysis of Safety Systems Dedicated to the Systems in Rail Vehicle
Get PDFThe detailed algorithm of SSARV(P) – Safety System Analysis of Rail Vehicles is presented in this paper. Particular steps of SSARV(P) take into account the selected rules of LOPA – Layer of Protection Analysis. SSARV(P) is an overall method of SSARV provided for conceptual phase of safety system. The essence of SSARV(P) is to evaluate the proposed safety system based on measures of hazard risk. The measure of hazard risk is determined using known risk models. This paper presents also a description of LOPA and its general algorithms. Basic information about the independent layers of protection are presented as well
Solving Delivery Problems in Distribution Systems
Get PDFThe subject matter of this article is the optimization of delivery problems (Vehicle Routing Problems – VRP) with regard to distribution systems. These issues belong to the class of NP-hard problems. Current solutions to various delivery problems (VRP, TSP, MTSP, VRPTW, RDPTW) were analysed. Two examples were presented. In a transport and production task, a marginal cost equalling (MCE) algorithm was used. In the case of a Multi Depot Vehicle Routing Problem (MDVRP), an evolutionary algorithm was used