4,671 research outputs found
Voeding van de oudere mens
No full textAls de mens ouder wordt, treden er fysiologische veranderingen op en komen ziekte en beperkingen vaker voor. Deze veranderingen hebben onder meer effect op de energiebehoefte en op de eiwitbehoefte. Volgens de huidige inzichten is van de micronutriënten alleen de behoefte aan vitamine D verhoogd. Deze bedraagt voor 70-plussers 20 μg/dag. Voor ogenschijnlijk gezonde ouderen verandert de behoefte aan andere vitaminen en mineralen nauwelijks. Dat betekent dat bij een verlaagde energie-inneming de vitamine- en mineralendichtheid van de voeding moet toenemen. Dit kan bereikt worden door een verschuiving in de voedselkeuze, wat niet eenvoudig te bereiken is bij ouderen met weinig eetlust. Behalve fysiologische veranderingen en ziekten kunnen medicijngebruik en sociaal-psychologische problemen een effect hebben op de voedingsgewoonten. In dit hoofdstuk worden de meest gesignaleerde problemen in de voeding van ouderen besproken en er worden enkele praktische adviezen gegeven
De Vaart der Volkeren: Buitenlandse bedrijven en hun werknemers in Amsterdam en de rest van Nederland
No full textOp basis van de analyses in dit onderzoek komen we tot de volgende conclusies: • Buitenlandse bedrijven vertegenwoordigen bijna 13 procent van de werkgelegenheid in Nederland; • De werkgelegenheid in buitenlandse bedrijven komt voor 66 procent van bedrijven met een Europese eigenaar en voor 23 procent van bedrijven met een eigenaar uit de Verenigde Staten; • In absolute aantallen zijn groothandel, detailhandel en financiële instellingen de grootste sectoren gemeten naar buitenlandse werkgelegenheid; • In vergelijking met de totale omvang van de sectoren is het aandeel van buitenland-se werkgelegenheid relatief groot bij de winning van delfstoffen, de industrie en ver-voer en communicatie; • Amsterdam gaat in Nederland onbetwist aan kop als het gaat om buitenlandse eco-nomische bedrijvigheid: o Van de totale nationale werkgelegenheid bij buitenlandse bedrijven bevindt zich 19 procent in Amsterdam en Haarlemmermeer en 28 procent in de Me-tropoolregio Amsterdam; o In Amsterdam komt de meeste buitenlandse werkgelegenheid van financiële instellingen, groothandel en holdings; o In vergelijking met de rest van Nederland vertegenwoordigen buitenlandse bedrijven een groot deel van de werkgelegenheid in Amsterdam voor financi-ele instellingen, zakelijke dienstverlening en logiesverstrekking; o Buitenlandse bedrijven trekken binnen Nederland per saldo naar Amsterdam, maar het gaat om kleine aantallen (100 in zes jaar tijd); o Veel migratie vindt plaats binnen de regio Groot-Amsterdam; • Buitenlandse bedrijven zijn na correctie voor omvang en regio gemiddeld ongeveer 30 procent productiever dan Nederlandse bedrijven in dezelfde sector; • Buitenlandse bedrijven betalen hogere lonen dan Nederlandse bedrijven; • Dit geldt ook als we alleen kijken naar werknemers die gelijktijdig of volgtijdelijk werkten bij zowel een Nederlands als een buitenlands bedrijf; • Buitenlandse bedrijven beïnvloeden de innovativiteit en productiviteit van andere be-drijven in de nabijheid (binnen de gemeente) niet méér dan een identiek Nederlands bedrijf. We vinden dus geen extra agglomeratie-effect door nabijheid (binnen de ge-meente) tot buitenlandse bedrijven of werknemers
Alterações hemodinâmicas e eletrocardiográficas após o uso de neostigmina
No full textTrabalho de Conclusão de Curso - Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina. Curso de Medicina. Departamento de Clínica Cirúrgica
Fish fatty acids and mental health in older people
No full textBackground It has been suggested that the intake of fish and marine n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids could protect against age-related cognitive decline and impaired mental well-being. However, results from observational studies are inconclusive and data from randomized controlled trials in older people without clinical dementia or depression are scarce. The objective of this thesis was to investigate the effect of daily supplementation with eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) on cognitive performance and mental well-being in an older non-clinical population. We also examined the effect of fish oil on gene expression profiles in white blood cells to identify early changes in pathways possibly related to mental health. Furthermore, we assessed the association of fish and EPA+DHA intake with mental health in different aging populations. Methods The effect of low and high doses of EPA+DHA (400 and 1,800 mg per day, respectively) on cognitive performance, several measures of mental well-being, and gene expression was examined in a 26-week randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. This study was conducted in 302 individuals aged 65 years or older with no clinical diagnosis of dementia or depression. Furthermore, the cross-sectional association between fatty fish and EPA+DHA intake with cognitive performance and the association with cognitive change during 6 years of follow-up was assessed in 1,025 aging US men who participated in the Veterans Affairs Normative Aging Study (NAS). In addition, the associations of EPA+DHA and fish intake with depressive symptoms and dispositional optimism were assessed in 644 free-living Dutch subjects with a history of myocardial infarction. Results Daily intake of low or high doses of EPA+DHA did not affect cognitive performance, mental well-being, anxiety, or quality of life, after 13 or 26 weeks of intervention. However, treatment with EPA+DHA for 26 weeks altered gene expression in white blood cells to a more anti-inflammatory and more anti-atherogenic profile. In elderly US men we found no association of fatty fish or EPA+DHA intake with cognitive performance or 6-year cognitive change. Intake of EPA+DHA was positively associated with dispositional optimism in subjects with a history of myocardial infarction. There was also a tendency for less depressive symptoms with a higher EPA+DHA or fish intake, but this association was no longer statistically significant after controlling for confounders. Conclusion Supplemental intake of EPA+DHA is unlikely to have a short-term impact on cognitive performance or mental well-being of older people without a clinical diagnosis of dementia or depression. Whether long-term intake of EPA+DHA and fish could be beneficial to the maintenance of cognitive performance or mental well-being of older people in Western populations still needs to be established. <br/
Changes in intervertebral disc morphology persist 5 mo after 21-day bed rest
No full textAs part of the nutrition-
countermeasures (NUC) study in Cologne, Germany in 2010,
seven healthy male subjects underwent 21 days of head-down tilt bed
rest and returned 153 days later to undergo a second bout of 21-day
bed rest. As part of this model, we aimed to examine the recovery of
the lumbar intervertebral discs and muscle cross-sectional area (CSA)
after bed rest using magnetic resonance imaging and conduct a pilot
study on the effects of bed rest in lumbar muscle activation, as
measured by signal intensity changes in T2-weighted images after a
standardized isometric spinal extension loading task. The changes in
intervertebral disc volume, anterior and posterior disc height, and
intervertebral length seen after bed rest did not return to prebed-rest
values 153 days later. While recovery of muscle CSA occurred after
bed rest, increases (P 0.016) in multifidus, psoas, and quadratus
lumborum muscle CSA were seen 153 days after bed rest. A trend was
seen for greater activation of the erector spinae and multifidus muscles
in the standardized loading task after bed rest. Greater reductions of
multifidus and psoas CSA muscle and greater increases in multifidus
signal intensity with loading were associated with incidence of low
back pain in the first 28 days after bed rest (P 0.044). The current
study contributes to our understanding of the recovery of the lumbar
spine after 21-day bed rest, and the main finding was that a decrease
in spinal extensor muscle CSA recovers within 5 mo after bed rest but
that changes in the intervertebral discs persist
Prevention of bone loss during 56 days of strict bed rest by side-alternating resistive vibration exercise
No full textBed rest is a recognized model for muscle atrophy and bone loss in space flight and in clinical medicine. We
hypothesized that whole body vibration in combination with resistive exercise (RVE) would be an effective
countermeasure.
Twenty healthy male volunteers underwent horizontal bed rest for 56 days and were randomly assigned
either to a group that performed RVE 11 times per week or to a group that underwent bed rest only (Ctrl).
Bone mineral content (BMC) was assessed by peripheral quantitative computed tomography (pQCT) in the
tibia and the radius and by dual x-ray absorptiometry (DXA) in the hip and lumbar spine at baseline and at
regular intervals during bed rest and a 12-month follow-up.
RVE appeared to protect muscle size and function, and it also prevented bone loss (p-values between b0.001
and 0.01). Bone losses were largest in the distal tibia epiphysis, where BMC declined from 421.8 mg/mm (SD
51.3) to 406.6 mg/mm (SD 52.7) in Ctrl, but only from 411.1 mg/mm (SD 56.6) to 409.6 mg/mm (SD 66.7)
in RVE. Most of the BMC losses were recovered by 12-month follow-up. Analyses showed that the epiphyseal
cortex, rather than spongiosa, depicted the most pronounced changes during bed rest and recovery.
These results suggest that the combined countermeasure applied in this study is effective to prevent bone
losses from the tibia. This underlines the importance of mechanical usage for the maintenance of the human
skeleton
Vitaal naar de eindstreep
No full textHoe worden we gezond oud? Trainen en extra eiwitten werken, blijkt uit onderzoek van de afdeling Humane voeding. Over het effect van vitamines en omega-3 vetzuren is het laatste woord nog niet gezegd
Investigating human audio-visual object perception with a combination of hypothesis-generating and hypothesis-testing fMRI analysis tools
No full textPrimate multisensory object perception involves distributed brain regions. To investigate the network character of these regions of the human brain, we applied data-driven group spatial independent component analysis (ICA) to a functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) data set acquired during a passive audio-visual (AV) experiment with common object stimuli. We labeled three group-level independent component (IC) maps as auditory (A), visual (V), and AV, based on their spatial layouts and activation time courses. The overlap between these IC maps served as definition of a distributed network of multisensory candidate regions including superior temporal, ventral occipito-temporal, posterior parietal and prefrontal regions. During an independent second fMRI experiment, we explicitly tested their involvement in AV integration. Activations in nine out of these twelve regions met the max-criterion (A < AV > V) for multisensory integration. Comparison of this approach with a general linear model-based region-of-interest definition revealed its complementary value for multisensory neuroimaging. In conclusion, we estimated functional networks of uni- and multisensory functional connectivity from one dataset and validated their functional roles in an independent dataset. These findings demonstrate the particular value of ICA for multisensory neuroimaging research and using independent datasets to test hypotheses generated from a data-driven analysis
Rest café
No full textTESIS PARA OPTAR AL GRADO DE MAGÍSTER EN ADMINISTRACIÓNTapia Cea, Sergio, [Parte I],
Guerra Alegria, Jorge, [Parte II]“Rest Café”, es un modelo de negocio orientado a clientes que buscan tranquilidad y
entretención en los centros neurálgicos de la ciudad de Santiago de Chile, en estos locales,
los clientes pueden realizar reuniones de negocio y disfrutar libremente de las instalaciones,
donde podrán encontrar televisión, música, salas de reuniones, duchas, lockers y snack de
libre consumo.
Este plan de negocios, está inserto en el segmento de Restaurantes, Bares y Cantinas de la
industria de Hoteles y Restaurantes, siendo sus principales competidores Starbacks, Juan
Vales, Work Café Santander y otros que apunten al mercado objetivo de trabajadores
ejecutivos y empresas pequeñas que requieran espacios adicionales para relajarse o realizar
reuniones.
Dado el respaldo y calidad de los competidores, “Rest Café” introduce en la industria un
modelo de negocios, orientado en una gama de servicios y un consumo ilimitado de
productos a un precio único, por un periodo de tiempo limitado de 3 horas.
Este plan de negocios, requiere una inversión inicial de 56.927.211 y un TIR de 41,36%, mayor a la tasa de descuento exigida de 14,64%
Relação entre o processo de planejamento estratégico e a estrutura organizacional: o caso do Ministério Público de Santa Catarina
No full textDissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Centro Sócio-Econômico, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Administração, Florianópolis, 2014.Esta dissertação aborda a relação entre o planejamento estratégico e a estrutura organizacional. A literatura aponta que o planejamento estratégico decorre basicamente a partir de duas fases e a estrutura organizacional se constitui de diversos elementos. Em relação à fase de formulação do planejamento estratégico, o embasamento teórico que norteou a pesquisa segue especialmente as concepções de Almeida; Collis e Porras; Drucker; Dye e Sibony; Pereira; Procópio; e Scott, Jaffe e Tobe. Em relação à implementação, pesquisas como as de Beer e Eisenstat; Bossidy e Charan; Brenes, Mena e Molina; Beppler e Pereira; Hrebiniak; Hussey; Jick; e Kich e Pereira embasam o entendimento acerca do tema. Já no que diz respeito à estrutura organizacional, as obras de Blenko, Mankins e Rogers; Hall; Hamel; Mintzberg; Quinn, Anderson e Finkelstein; Sewell; Sveiby; Tsoukas; e Volberda se destacam. Embasado neste arcabouço teórico, esta pesquisa visou avaliar a relação entre o processo de planejamento estratégico e a estrutura organizacional na realidade do MPSC. O MPSC se configura como um importante espaço de estudo, principalmente por estar vivenciando o processo de implementação do planejamento estratégico e por possuir uma estrutura organizacional formalizada. Portanto, esta dissertação se configura a partir da estratégia de pesquisa de estudo de caso único, sendo que os dados foram coletados por instrumentos como pesquisa bibliográfica, pesquisa documental, entrevista semi-estruturada e observação sistemática. A implementação do planejamento estratégico pode ser considerada um desafio para muitas organizações e o caso do MPSC não se difere desta realidade, entretanto, os dados demonstram que a integração entre o planejamento estratégico e a estrutura organizacional tende a promover a implementação das estratégias. Isto porque o resultado deste estudo indica que as fases do planejamento estratégico influenciam e são influenciadas pelos elementos da estrutura organizacional, o que confirma as proposições da pesquisa e segue a lógica das pesquisas de Brenes, Mena e Molina (2008); Galan e Sanchez-Bueno (2009); Amitabh e Gupta (2010); e Kich e Pereira (2011a). A conclusão da pesquisa destaca a importância de compreender o processo estratégico de forma sistemática e considerar a integração deste processo com a estrutura organizacional.Abstract : This research addresses the relationship between strategic planning and organizational structure. The literature shows that strategic planning arises basically from two stages and the organizational structure is composed of several elements. Regarding the strategic planning formulation, the theoretical framework that guided the research especially following the conceptions of Almeida; Collis and Porras; Drucker; Dye and Sibony; Pereira; Procópio; and Scott, Jaffe and Tobe. Regarding the strategic planning implementation, the researches of Beer and Eisenstat; Bossidy and Charan; Brenes, Mena and Molina; Beppler and Pereira; Hrebiniak; Hussey; Jick; Kich and Pereira guide the understanding of the subject. Regarding the organizational structure, the works of Blenko, Mankins and Rogers; Hall; Hamel; Mintzberg; Quinn, Anderson and Finkelstein; Sewell; Sveiby; Tsoukas; and Volberda stand out. Guided by this theoretical framework, this study aimed to evaluate the relationship between the process of strategic planning and organizational structure in fact the MPSC. The MPSC is an important area of study, mainly be experiencing the process strategic planning implementation and have a formalized organizational structure. Therefore, this research is characterized by the single case study strategy. The data were collected by instruments such as literature research, document analysis, semi-structured interviews and systematic observation. The strategic planning implementation can be considered a challenge for many organizations and the case of the MPSC is not unlike this reality. However, the data demonstrate that the integration between strategic planning and organizational structure tends to promote the strategies implementation. That?s because the result of this research shows that the stages of strategic planning influence and are influenced by the organizational structure elements, which confirms the research propositions and follows the logic of research Brenes, Mena and Molina (2008); Galan and Sanchez-Bueno (2009); Amitabh and Gupta (2010); and Kich and Pereira (2011a). The research conclusion highlights the importance of understanding the strategic process systematically and consider integrating this process with the organizational structure
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