160 research outputs found
Essays on actor perspectives in exchange networks and social dilemmas, 1999
No full textEssays on actor models in exchange networks and social dilemmas. Measuring utility by means of the tradeoff method / relation between actors' utility and their behavior in prisoners' dilemma games / bargaining in exchange networks / micro-models of exchange. Social acting / networks / social dilemma's / prisoners' dilemma game
Psychological characteristics of BDSM practitioners
No full textIntroduction It has been generally thought that the practice of bondage-discipline, dominance-submission, sadism-masochism (BDSM) is in some form associated with psychopathology. However, several more recent studies suggest a relative good psychological health of BDSM practitioners. Aim The aim of this study was to compare scores of BDSM practitioners and a control group on various fundamental psychological characteristics. Methods For this aim, 902 BDSM and 434 control participants completely filled out online questionnaires. Associations were examined using χ2 tests of independence with φ and Cramer's V as effect size measures and eta or Pearson's correlation. Group differences were tested using analysis of covariance, with partial η2 as effect size measure. A priori contrasts were tested using α = 0.01 to correct for multiple testing; for all other tests we used α = 0.05, two tailed. Main Outcome Measures The study used Big Five personality dimensions (NEO Five-Factor Inventory), attachment styles (Attachment Styles Questionnaire), rejection sensitivity (Rejection Sensitivity Questionnaire), and subjective well-being (World Health Organization-Five Well-being Index). Results The results mostly suggest favorable psychological characteristics of BDSM practitioners compared with the control group; BDSM practitioners were less neurotic, more extraverted, more open to new experiences, more conscientious, less rejection sensitive, had higher subjective well-being, yet were less agreeable. Comparing the four groups, if differences were observed, BDSM scores were generally more favorably for those with a dominant than a submissive role, with least favorable scores for controls. Conclusion We conclude that BDSM may be thought of as a recreational leisure, rather than the expression of psychopathological processes. Wismeijer AAJ and van Assen MALM. Psychological characteristics of BDSM practitioners. J Sex Med 2013;10:1943–1952. Keywords: BDSM, SM, Recreational Leisure, Paraphilia, Personality, Attachment, Subjective Well-Bein
Behavior in Repeated Prisoner's Dilemma Games with Shifted Outcomes Analyzed with a Statistical Learning Model
Full text linkWe address whether cooperative behavior in a repeated Prisoner’s Dilemma (PD) is
more easily achieved under ‘‘good circumstances’’ (all payoffs in the constituent PD
are positive), ‘‘bad circumstances’’ (payoffs are negative), or ‘‘mixed circumstances.’’
To analyze the behavior in these repeated PDs, we developed and applied
a learning model that improves upon standard learning models in two ways: (1) It
allows for statistical tests of the parameter estimates, and (2) it allows for the
incorporation of independent variables (e.g., subject or game characteristics).
The model is applied to the data of the repeated PD experiment in van Assen
and Snijders (2004, 2005). Our findings demonstrate that our model can be used
to identify and test how learning differs across persons and across different
circumstances.
Het voorspellen van beperkingen in ADL en IADL door lichamelijke componenten van de Tilburg Frailty Indicator
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