1,721,623 research outputs found
Die DKW-Fibel /
No full textGuide to DKW cars written by eight-year-old Edward Prager in Berlin. An introduction and three pages of typescript are
accompanied by drawings by Prager of different components of the cars.Processed for digitizatio
DKW basal salts improve micropropagation and callogenesis compared to MS basal salts in multiple commercial cultivars of Cannabis sativa
Full text linkExisting Cannabis sativa micropropagation protocols use a limited number of cultivars and are often not reproducible. Currently, MS + 0.5 μM TDZ has been reported as the optimal medium for nodal micropropagation, yet our preliminary studies with this medium have resulted in abnormal morphology and high mortality rates in multiple cultivars. Following an initial screen of basal salt mixtures (MS, B5, BABI, and DKW), we determined that DKW produced the healthiest plants. In a second experiment, the multiplication rate and canopy area of explants grown on MS + 0.5 μM TDZ and DKW + 0.5 μM TDZ were compared using five drug-type cultivars. The combined multiplication average of explants grown on DKW + 0.5 μM TDZ was 1.5x higher than explants grown on MS + 0.5 μM TDZ. Similarly, the combined average of the canopy area was twice as large on DKW + 0.5 μM TDZ. In the third experiment, callogenesis was compared using a range of 2,4-D concentrations (0-30 μM) on both MS and DKW and similarly, callus growth was superior on DKW. This study presents the largest comparison of basal salt compositions on the micropropagation of five commercially grown Cannabis cultivars to date.The presentation of the authors' names and (or) special characters in the title of the pdf file of the accepted manuscript may differ slightly from what is displayed on the item page. The information in the pdf file of the accepted manuscript reflects the original submission by the author
Statistical Model Checking Beyond Means : Quantiles, CVaR, and the DKW Inequality
Full text linkStatistical model checking (SMC) randomly samples probabilistic models to approximate quantities of interest with statistical error guarantees. It is traditionally used to estimate probabilities and expected rewards, i.e. means of different random variables on paths. In this paper, we develop methods using the Dvoretzky-Kiefer-Wolfowitz-Massart inequality (DKW) to extend SMC beyond means to compute quantities such as quantiles, conditional value-at-risk, and entropic risk. The DKW provides confidence bounds on the random variable’s entire cumulative distribution function, a much more versatile guarantee compared to the statistical methods prevalent in SMC today. We have implemented support for computing new quantities via the DKW in the modes simulator of the Modest Toolset. We highlight the implementation and its versatility on benchmarks from the quantitative verification literature
EFFECTIVE CACAO SOMATIC EMBRYO REGENERATION ON KINETIN SUPPLEMENTED DKW MEDIUM AND SOMACLONAL VARIATION ASSESSMENT USING SSRs MARKERS
No full textThis study aimed to develop the cacao (Theobroma cacao L.) in vitro regeneration system through somatic embryogenesis on
kinetin supplemented DKW medium and somaclonal variation assessment using SSR markers. Callus were initiated from basal petal and staminoid explants cultured on callus induction (CI) medium contained DKW basalt salts and kinetin:2,4-D ratios of 1:15.5, 1:7.8 or 1:3.9 and then transferred onto secondary callus
growth (SCG) medium contained WPM basalt salts and kinetin:2,4-D ratios of 1:7.8 or 1:3.9. The calli were then subsequently transferred onto embryo development medium contained DKW basal salts with or without the addition of amino
acids, adenine or activated charcoal for the formation of somatic embryos. Nine cacao genotypes were tested for their ability to develop somatic embryos. Results of this study indicated DKW medium supplemented with Kinetin in combination with 2,4-D effectively induced cacao somatic embryogenesis. The highest somatic embryos formation was abtained from kinetin:2,4-D ratio of 1:3.9 and 1:7.8 in CI and SCG medium respectively. Cacao genotype responses were highly explant type dependent. The developed method resulted in a high percentage of somatic embryo formation (5.6-66.7%), germination (50%) and plantlet conversion (65%) and a medium percentage of somaclonal variations based on SSRs marker analysis
Optimizing in vitro shoot propagation of Indonesian true seeds of shallot (TSS) using MS and DKW media with BAP: English
Full text linkUsing shallot botanical seeds or true seed of shallot (TSS) as planting material can produce plants free from bulb-borne disease and be more technically and economically efficient. However, its application in the field still has limitations. The objective of this study was to evaluate the in vitro propagation media containing a combination of MS and DKW media with the addition of BAP on the growth parameters and multiplication frequency as well as plantlets condition of three cultivars of TSS to initiation support the supply of quality seeds in the field. The seeds were germinated in vitro using an MS medium, and then aseptic TSS seedlings were arranged using a completely randomized design with two factors and twelve replications. The first factor was media composition. MS (Murashige and Skoog) and DKW (Driver Kuniyaki Walnut) media were used for the in vitro shoot propagation media in combination with BAP (Benzyl Amino Purine) at the level of concentrations: 0, 1, 2 and 4 mgL-1. The second factor was TSS cultivars: Bima Brebes, Trisula and Tuktuk. The result showed that Bima Brebes and Trisula cultivars significantly differed in multiplication frequency from the Tuktuk cultivar. DKW medium with 4 mgL-1 BAP produced the highest multiplication frequency but not significantly different with 4 mgL-1 BAP in MS and 2 mgL-1 BAP in DKW media. Adding 1-2 mgL-1 BAP in the DKW medium could induce new shoots on the Bima Brebes cultivar with better performance, though with lower multiplication frequency. Using shallot botanical seeds or true seed of shallot (TSS) as planting material can produce plants free from bulb-borne disease and be more technically and economically efficient. However, its application in the field still has limitations. The objective of this study was to evaluate the in vitro propagation media containing a combination of MS and DKW media with the addition of BAP on the growth parameters and multiplication frequency as well as plantlets condition of three cultivars of TSS to initiation support the supply of quality seeds in the field. The seeds were germinated in vitro using an MS medium, and then aseptic TSS seedlings were arranged using a completely randomized design with two factors and twelve replications. The first factor was media composition. MS (Murashige and Skoog) and DKW (Driver Kuniyaki Walnut) media were used for the in vitro shoot propagation media in combination with BAP (Benzyl Amino Purine) at the level of concentrations: 0, 1, 2 and 4 mgL-1. The second factor was TSS cultivars: Bima Brebes, Trisula and Tuktuk. The result showed that Bima Brebes and Trisula cultivars significantly differed in multiplication frequency from the Tuktuk cultivar. DKW medium with 4 mgL-1 BAP produced the highest multiplication frequency but not significantly different with 4 mgL-1 BAP in MS and 2 mgL-1 BAP in DKW media. Adding 1-2 mgL-1 BAP in the DKW medium could induce new shoots on the Bima Brebes cultivar with better performance, though with lower multiplication frequency.
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
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