168 research outputs found
THE PROBLEM OF UNIVERSAL SALVATION IN THE TEACHING OF RASHID RIDA
No full textThe problem of salvation of non-Muslims is a crucial element in the discourse of Islamic modernism. It was no less important for such Islamic thinkers of the classical period as Ibn Qayyim al-Jawziyya and Abu Ḥamid al-Ġazali. The attention of the author of the present paper focuses on understanding the problem of salvation in the teaching of Muhammad Rashid Rida, who was one of the key participants in the modernist movement in Islam. Being a representative of “intellectual salafism”, Rashid Rida proposes a solution for the issue of salvation that comes as an alternative for traditionalist views predominating in Sunni Islam. The present paper serves to prove that Rida’s quite peculiar solution is deeply rooted in Islamic tradition. In particular, it relates to viewpoints of al-Jawziyya and al-Ġazali, which deflect from mainstream. Similar to many other Islamic modernists (we can consider as part of them proponents of Jadidism, such as M. Bigiev, Z. Kamali, R. Fahreddin and others), the main although not the only argument of Rida is based on the Quranic idea of all-embracing Divine grace. In his analysis of Rida’s position, the author notes that the former does not lean towards the liberal variant of Islamic reformism that supposes religious pluralism as one of its basic ideas. Advocating the superiority of Muhammad’s message, the Egyptian thinker adhered to a specific form of soteriological inclusivism that differs from religious pluralism. According to Rida, the main criterion for one’s salvation is whether one was touched upon by undistorted Islamic message or not. Rida was convinced that Gehenna only awaits those non-Muslims who received undistorted Islamic message, clearly understood its Divine source and thenintentionally rejected it. But even they may be redeemed, as God is not obligated to act on his declared threat
Mapping the policy, policing and positioning of street vending in New York City
No full textThesis: M.C.P., Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Urban Studies and Planning, 2016.This electronic version was submitted by the student author. The certified thesis is available in the Institute Archives and Special Collections.Cataloged from student-submitted PDF version of thesis.Includes bibliographical references.tolerance of their activities; governments often allow street vendors in certain areas of the city, while relocating street vendors from sidewalks in others. In the absence of meaningful, in-depth datasets on urban informality, studies investigating this variation have had to rely on case studies, anecdotal material and qualitative neighborhood comparisons. As a result, there have been no large-scale empirical studies undertaking city-wide analysis of the policing of urban informality. This thesis overcomes such limitations by using a mix of administrative data, mobile sensing, GIS mapping and qualitative methods to uncover informality's relationship with the state and the larger urban fabric in New York City. Through visualization and empirical analysis of the enforcement landscape vis-à-vis socioeconomic variables in New York, this project highlights the underlying impulses that lead to uneven regulatory outcomes: disparate claims on urban citizenship and a city's move towards more privatized urbanism. At the same time, my methodology allows this thesis to display the unique interactions street vending has with each neighborhood's socio-spatial environment, resulting in the creation of diverse vending cultures. By recognizing this vibrancy and detangling the determinants of the spatial landscape of vending rule enforcement, this thesis advocates for a fairer regulatory schema for informal commerce.by Rida Qadri.M.C.P
The Life of Hedonism from the Perspective of Al-Tabari and Sayyid Muhammad Rashid Rida (Comparative Study of Tafsir Surah Ali Imran: 14)
Get PDFThe Qur'an not only tells us about prohibitions and commands, but also talks about the problems of the lives of previous people. Among them are illustrated by the human lifestyle that prioritizes pleasure and physical luxury. Based on the hedonistic lifestyle, it certainly has 'ibrah that can be learned if an in-depth study of the life of hedonism is carried out. The author wants to examine the life of hedonism from the perspective of al-Tabari and Sayyid Muhammad Rasyid Rida. This paper uses a qualitative approach that is classified into library research with library materials, especially Jami' al-Bayan fi Ta'wil Ayi al-Qur'an and Tafsir al-Manar and uses comparative data analysis. The conclusion in this paper is that the life of hedonism according to al-Tabari and Sayyid Muhammad Rasyid Rida is an excessive human lifestyle and indulges in lust in reaching the pleasures of the world. The similarities and differences according to these two mufassirs are almost the same in interpreting the life of hedonism in surah Ali Imran verse 14 that Allah SWT makes beautiful in human views of the pleasures of the world, namely women, children, large assets of gold and silver, selected horses, livestock and rice fields. Sayyid Muhammad Rasyid Rida besides agreeing with Imam al-Tabari, he added that human love for the beauty and pleasure of the world is not only specific to the Jews, but is general
Studi Komparatif Pemikiran Filsafat Politik Ali Abdul Raziq dan Rashid Rida mengenai Khilafah
Get PDFThis article aims to explain the comparison of political philosophy thoughts, especially regarding the caliphate of two Muslim intellectual figures from Egypt who lived in the same period. Ali Abdul Raziq and Rashid Rida, these two figures talked about the formulation of the ideal state form for Muslims and the implementation of Islamic government. The author writes down the arguments of the two figures and then compares them with the formulations of the two. Khilafah which is a system of government that follows the leadership of the Prophet Muhammad, sharia as the legal basis and Islam as an ideology in running the government. This type of research is library research by applying the comparative method, which prioritizes library materials as the main source. The results of the research from the two Muslim intellectual works from Ali Abdul Raziq\u27s book entitled al-Islam wa Usul al-Hukm and the book Al-Khilafah wa Al-Imamah written by Rashid Rido, show that there are very basic differences in the thoughts of the two figures, where Rashid Rida firmly held the position that followers of Islam are required to uphold the caliphate in their country based on sharia and ijma. On the other hand, Ali Abdul Raziq argues that there is no binding obligation for Muslims to establish a caliphate in their country, he argues that Muslims are free to choose what ideology will be applied in a country. Because in the Qur\u27an and as-Sunnah do not regulate the form of state that Muslims must apply. The thought of Islamic political philosophy, of course, does not only come from these two figures, many Muslim intellectuals argue that this matter needs to be explored for the benefit of Muslims in terms of the state.Â
Comparison of Paradigms in Nautical Traffic Models
No full textThe increase of ship traffic flow, densities, ship size, and the uncertainty from technological advancement raise issues in traffic safety and efficiency. In order to tackle the issue, currently, a simulation model is widely used by various users as the port authority and bridge team and for research and development team. Since the issues are varied for each modeling user, the modeling purposes are also different among the users. Therefore, this research aimed to find the insight into modeling paradigms in simulating the vessel dynamic kinetic information (position, speed, course, and heading) and the encountering (overtaking, head-on, and crossing). A requirement of both aspects for each modeling purposes is set based on the simulation output needed. The insight is gained through comparison of models of the dynamic kinetic information and the encounters in six paradigms. The paradigms are Cellular Automata (CA), Generic Rule-Based (GRB), Specific Rule-Based Model (SRB), Artificial Potential Field (APF), Optimal Control (OC), and System Dynamics (SD). This research also provides an extension of the model by Shu et al. (2015a, 2015b, 2018) with OC paradigm to serve as the safety assessment for the port authority.Civil Engineering | Hydraulic Engineerin
‘Am I turning into a man?’ experiences of Pakistani women with PCOS
No full textAccording to the National Institutes of Health, 20 – 25% of all regularly ovulating women have PCOS. This disorder has a range of visible symptoms including excessive weight gain, hirsutism, acne, and hair loss among others. These symptoms make it difficult for women with the syndrome to fit the femininity ideals of the society, as it demands female bodies to be slim, smart, hair less, and to have porcelain skin and regular menstrual cycles. Women with PCOS and other health problems in Pakistan spend all their lives fighting unnecessary battles. This struggle has severe impacts on their physical and mental well-being
Perceptions of Teachers Regarding Technology Integration in Classrooms: A Comparative Analysis of Elite and Mediocre Schools
No full textThe primary purpose and objective of this study was to examine and compare the perceptions of teachers in elite and mediocre schools in Karachi. The secondary objectives included comparing the use of technology in classrooms by teachers and the challenges and barriers that they face in the integration of technology. This study was designed as a small-scale exploratory pilot study using the qualitative approach to address the research questions. To achieve the objectives, eight teachers from eight different schools of Karachi were surveyed through email. Four of these schools fell in the category of elite schools, while the other four fell in the category of mediocre schools. The research instrument was a self-developed open-ended questionnaire, which that was emailed to the research participants. The results of the study revealed key insights into the use of technology, perceptions of teachers towards the use of technology, and various barriers that they face in technology integration in the classrooms. The study found that the perceptions and attitudes of teachers of both elite and mediocre schools were favourable towards technology integration; however, due to lack of resources, especially in mediocre schools, implementation of technology in classrooms was a challenge
Imam Ali Ibn Musa al-Ridha (A. S.)-The Exquisite Sun of Bani Hashim
Get PDFAli Ibn Musa al-Rida was the eighth great grandson of Fatima Zehra (daughter of Prophet Mohammad, peace be upon him) and Ali Ibn Abi Talib and he is also the eighth Imam of Shiite believers. He was an embodiment of etiquette, manners and charity and he imparted to us the qualities of a believer. His teachings were ‘How a man should strive to be a believer of Allah (S.w.t)?’He highlighted in his preaching’s the ways to seek the pleasure of Allah (s.w.t) was through piousness, tolerance and persistence in our righteous deeds. He also emphasized us that for a believer to control his/her nafs (psyche)is prominent among his actions. Because of Imam Ali Ridha’s (a. s.) high moral traits and pleasing personality, he (a. s.) was considered the exquisite sun of Bibi Fatima Zehra and the Bani Hashim clan. This paper aims to show that Imam Ali Ibn Musa al-Ridha’s reward from Allah (s.w.t) is complete peace of mind as he stuck to his spiritual values being away from his homeland
Asymmetric Conflict and Symmetric Crises:Exploring Womens\u27 Liberation movement in the Middle East
No full textTITLE:ASYMMETRIC ONFLICT AND SYMMETRIC CRISES: EXPLORING WOMEN’S LIBERATION MOVEMENT IN THE MIDDLE EAST.
Navneet Samuel (Ph.D),Author, Department of West Asian Studies, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh. India E-mail- [email protected] Rida Afreen (Ph. D) (Co-author) Center for Women’s Studies, AMU, Aligarh, India. E-mail- [email protected]
ABSTRACT-
During the past many decades, the Middle East has witnessed enormous small and large scale conflicts, where women and children were the most effected participants in every sphere of social, economic and political life. Due to these conflicts, the indigenous societal constructions of this area changed drastically, generating and reflecting multiple ideas of gender development narratives such as Islamic feminism,Arab women’s Liberation and work rights, protection of educational rights, and debates of socio-political inclusion of women. As an empirical qualitative study, this paper aims to explore Lila -Abu Logodh’s “Do Muslim women need saving”, as a premise in dealing with the changing dynamics of women’s role and status during the Arab-Israeli conflicts, and will try to see violence and war from gendered perspectives. It will also question on how women and children deal with post war regressions, coalitions with men, and in the state policy and decision making. As an anthropological descriptive study ,this paper will put to test Logodh’s theorization of Arab women’s development without any external intervention. In the process, it will study the rise of womens’ movement in the Middle East and how modalities of power and empowerment became a necessity in the region. Further, this study also examines the inter and intra conflicts and the resulting crises of this region which led women to continue with their struggle to bear the burden of being as producers and protectors of their families and societies. Furthermore, this study will analyze how national and international organizations have been significant in providing assistance to women in conflict zones in the Middle East, and how far bodies of crises relief are working to bring peace and harmony.Hence, this study will bring to the fore Arab womens’ movement as a catalyst in bringing women to the mainstream, and a model for womens’ empowerment around the world.
KEYWORDS- Women’s Movement, conflict, violence, empowerment, crises, Middle East
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