1,721,012 research outputs found
SYI'AH ZAIDIYAH: KONSEP IMAMAH DAN AJARAN-AJARAN LAINNYA
Full text linkOne of the Shia sect is still growing up now is Shia Zaidiyah. Shi'ism Shia Zaidiyah is attributed to Zayd ibn Ali Zainal Abidin, the fifth priest in the hierarchy Zaidiyah Imamat. Zaidiyah Shiites tend to be moderate in the face of dilemmas caliphate of Ali ibn Abi Talib and the three caliphs before assessing his ¬, as priests and priests mafdhul Afdhal. The concept of Imamat and theology tends rational, while the other teachings of his ¬ Ahlussunnah generally synonymous with teaching. Zaidiyah Shi'ism has evolved since the third century AH in the Middle East and surrounding
Pengaruh Jenis Kentang dan Konsentrasi Asam Sitrat terhadap Mutu Tepung Kentang
Full text linkPotato is a horticultural product which is easily damaged so that it needs to be handled properly or further processed. One of them is to process it into flour. Potato flour is one of the recommended alternatives to semifinished products because of its longer shelf life, ease of use and rich in nutrients. One of the problems that often occurs in the manufacture of potato flour is the occurrence of browning. To prevent this, soak in citric acid. Citric acid is an anti browning agent that functions as chelating agent and is able to lower the pH below the optimum so that the enzyme is denatured and it safer to use than other anti browning substances. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of potato type and citric acid concentration on the quality of potato flour based on yield, moisture content, ash content, starch content and flour brightness. Potato flour was made from three types of potato, namely yellow-, white- and red potatoes and these potatoes were immersed in different concentrations of citric acid solution, namely 0,5%, 1% and 1,5%. This study used a factorial completely randomized design with two treatments and three replications. The best result for making potato flour is from the interaction of K2A3 (raw material of white potato type and 1,5% citric acid solution) because it produces highest yield and best brightness of potato flour, as well as lower water and ash contents. K2A3 potato flour meets the standard set by the Directorate of Nutrition of the Ministry of Health the Republic of Indonesia
Analisis Kritis Gerakan Syiah Zaidiyah dan Rafidhah
Full text linkArtikel ini merupakan hasil penelitian yang mencoba untuk mengkaji kembali asumsi yang selama ini terbangun tentang syiah Zaidiyah yang dianggap moderat dekat dengan Ahlu Sunnah. Anggapan moderatnya syiah Zaidiyah dibangun atas teori mereka tentang bolehnya pemimpin utaman, yang pada saat itu ada yang lebih utama, jawazu imamatul mafdhul ma’a wujudil afdhal, dengan teori ini kekhilafahan Abu Bakar, Umar dan Utsman diakui oleh sekte ini. Pada awal kemunculannya sekte ini begitu dekat dengan Mu’tazilah, bahkan saling bersimbiosis satu dengan yang lainnya karena imam Zaid cucu Husain bin Ali yang mana sekte ini dinisbatkan kepadanya berguru kepada Washil bin Atto pendidiri Mu’tazilah. Pada perkembangannya akidah Mu’tazilah mengkristal dalam sekte syiah ini. Sampai Ushul Khamsah yang menjadi dasar Mu’tazilah mereka tiru dengan menggati salah satu Ushulnya yaitu manzilatun baina manzilataini dengan imamah atau kepemimpinan untuk keturunan sayyidah Fatiman binti Rasulullah. Dalam menetapkan imamah, sekte ini berbeda dengan yang lain, bagi mereka penunjukkan Ali sebagai pengganti Rasul tidak berupa nash dan wasiat tetapi berupa sifat, sehingga bagi mereka, semua keturunan Fatimah berhak menjadi Imam dengan syarat-syarat yang yang sudah ditentukan, salah satunya adalah khuruz atau melakukan revolusi kepada pemimpin yang dzalim
NUANSA SUNNI-SYI’AH (ZAIDIYAH) DALAM KITAB NAIL AL-AUTAR
Full text linkTesis ini berjudul ‚Kajian Syarah Hadis (Studi atas Kitab Nail al-
Authar)‛ Terdapat fenomena menarik dalam pen-syarah-an hadis, bahwa sebuah
kitab hadis tertentu bisa memunculkan banyak kitab syarah hadis dan dengan
beragam metode serta corak pen-syarah-an (sektarian dan non sektarian).
Berdasarkan hal tersebut, muncullah sebuah anggapan bahwa suatu pen-syarah-
an tidak pernah lepas dari maksud atau tujuan tertentu. Untuk itu, perlu kiranya
menelusuri historisitas suatu syarah hadis untuk menyingkap episteme dan
ideologi yang tersembunyi di balik suatu karya tersebut dan relasinya dengan
konstruk sosial-politik dimana karya itu diproduksi. Hal inilah yang hendak
dibuktikan dengan menelusuri salah satu syarah hadis, Nail al-Authar karya al-
Syaukani, yang merupakan syarah dari kitab kumpulan hadis, Muntaqa al-
Akhbar.
Penelitian ini kemudian difokuskan pada dua persoalan berikut: pertama,
tema apa sajakah persoalan apa saja yang dijadikan perbedaan pendapat antara
Zaidiyah dan Sunni dalam Nail al-Autar dan bagaimana aplikasinya terhadap
pen-syarah-annya dalam kitab Nail al-Autar ; kedua, menalisa terhadap madzhab
yang dianut oleh al-Syakani serta faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi model
penulisan syarah Nail al-Autar . Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kualitatif
yang didasarkan pada studi kepustakaan (library research ). Sumber primer yang
digunakan yaitu kitab Nail al-Authar dan objek formalnya adalah historisitas
penulisan syarah tersebut. Berdasarkan objek formal tersebut, maka pendekatan
yang digunakan adalah historis.
Temuan dari penelitian ini adalah: pertama, tema-tema fikih yang
diperselisihkan dalam kitab Nail al-Autar yaitu: 1) Persoalan mengusap khuf ;
2) Persoalan meletakkan tangan di dada dalam shalat ; 3) Persoalan mengucapkan
‚Hayya ala haira al-‘Amal‛ dalam adzan subuh; 4) Persoalan bermakmum
dibelakang imam yang fajir; 5) Persoalan takbir shalat jenazah dengan 5 kali; 6)
Persoalan tentang berwitir tiga rakaat berturut-turut; 7) Persoalan shalat tarawih
secara berjama’ah termasuk bid’ah; 8) Persoalan melepaskan tangan dalam
shalat; 9) Persoalan tidak boleh memakan sembelihan kitabiyah. Diketahui
bahwa al-Syaukani dalam men-syarah persoalan-persoalan diatas bersifat
nonsectarian (tidak berpihak ke Sunni atau Syi’ah), dalam hal ini peneliti melihat
sejumlah faktor yang mempengaruhi pen-syarah-an al-Syaukani, yaitu: afiliasi
mazhab, akar genealogi pemikiran, dan konteks sosio-historis. Secara afiliasi
mazhab, al-Syaukani lebih menampakkan ketidakberpihakkannya terhadap
mazhab manapun, meski ia tinggal di kalangan tradisi mazhab Zaidiyah
Hadawiyah. Secara genealogi pemikiran, ia banyak terpengaruh oleh pemikiran
ibn Taimiyah, dan ibn Qayyim. Secara konteks sosio-historis, iklim keilmuan
Zaidiyah secara tidak langsung sangat memadaidalam mendorong upaya ijtihadnya.
Kata kunci : Historisitas, Syarah Hadis, Nail al-Authar, al-Syaukani
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Sucrose, Reducing Sugars,and Carotenoid Content of Aceh Besar Sweet Potato Cultivars (Ipomoea batatas L)
Full text linkSweet potato is considered as an important food crop and it is known as one of the most productive carbohydrate-producing crop. This crop requires less inputs and water in comparison to rice, corn, or potato. Its wide adaptation to various agro ecological conditions has made sweet potato as a promising crop for saving life particularly during food (rice) shortage. The crop contained higher vitamin (A) and minerals that could help women and children aged below five preventing certain diseases. However, the nutritional value of sweet potato is various from one cultivar to another. It was assumed that geographical and environmental factors would influence the nutritional value of the tubers. Therefore, the following study was investigating the nutritional value of local cultivars in Aceh Besar District. Total carotenoid content of sweet potato varied from 1.86to 3.06 mg 100g-1 DM. The highest carotenoid was recorded by cv. Keupila from Saree Sub-district
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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