282 research outputs found
The collapse of single bubbles and approximation of the far-field acoustic emissions for cavitation induced by shock wave lithotripsy
No full textRecent clinical trials have shown the efficacy of a passive acoustic device used during shock wave lithotripsy (SWL) treatment. The device uses the far-field acoustic emissions resulting from the interaction of the therapeutic shock waves with the tissue and kidney stone to diagnose the effectiveness of each shock in contributing to stone fragmentation. This paper details simulations that supported the development of that device by extending computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulations of the flow and near-field pressures associated with shock-induced bubble collapse to allow estimation of those far-field acoustic emissions. This is a required stage in the development of the device, because current computational resources are not sufficient to simulate the far-field emissions to ranges of O(10 cm) using CFD. Similarly, they are insufficient to cover the duration of the entire cavitation event, and here simulate only the first part of the interaction of the bubble with the lithotripter shock wave in order to demonstrate the methods by which the far-field acoustic emissions resulting from the interaction can be estimated. A free-Lagrange method (FLM) is used to simulate the collapse of initially stable air bubbles in water as a result of their interaction with a planar lithotripter shock. To estimate the far-field acoustic emissions from the interaction, this paper developed two numerical codes using the Kirchhoff and Ffowcs William–Hawkings (FW-H) formulations. When coupled to the FLM code, they can be used to estimate the far-field acoustic emissions of cavitation events. The limitation of the technique is that it assumes that no significant nonlinear acoustic propagation occurs outside the control surface. Methods are outlined for ameliorating this problem if, as here, computational resources cannot compute the flow field to sufficient distance, although for the clinical situation discussed, this limitation is tempered by the effect of tissue absorption, which here is incorporated through the standard derating procedure. This approach allowed identification of the sources of, and explanation of trends seen in, the characteristics of the far-field emissions observed in clinic, to an extent that was sufficient for the development of this clinical device
Prediction of far-field acoustic emissions from cavitation clouds during shock wave lithotripsy for development of a clinical device
No full textThis study presents the key simulation and decision stage of a multi-disciplinary project to develop a hospital device for monitoring the effectiveness of kidney stone fragmentation by shock wave lithotripsy (SWL). The device analyses, in real time, the pressure fields detected by sensors placed on the patient's torso, fields generated by the interaction of the incident shock wave, cavitation, kidney stone and soft tissue. Earlier free-Lagrange simulations of those interactions were restricted (by limited computational resources) to computational domains within a few centimetres of the stone. Later studies estimated the far-field pressures generated when those interactions involved only single bubbles. This study extends the free-Lagrange method to quantify the bubble–bubble interaction as a function of their separation. This, in turn, allowed identification of the validity of using a model of non-interacting bubbles to obtain estimations of the far-field pressures from 1000 bubbles distributed within the focus of the SWL field. Up to this point in the multi-disciplinary project, the design of the clinical device had been led by the simulations. This study records the decision point when the project's direction had to be led by far more costly clinical trials instead of the relatively inexpensive simulations. <br/
PEMEROLEHAN BAHASA ANAK USIA DINI (AHMAD JAMALUDDIN MUTHOHAR) DI KABUBATEN BANYUWANGI
No full textThis research aims to describe Ahmad Jamaluddin Muthohar's language acquisition in the fields of phonology and syntax. This research is based on the speech of two year old children who are almost perfect in using word order and language. The method used is qualitative with a descriptive type, because this research contains language acquisition in early childhood which describes its acquisition in the areas of phonology and syntax. The results of research into the acquisition of phonology on consonants and vowels can be seen in the field of phonology which shows that Ahmad Jamaluddin Muthohar has mastered consonant letters and is able to pronounce them at the beginning, middle and end of words, but he has not mastered several consonants such as [r] and [ l] which he usually replaces with the consonant [n], and the consonant [v] is replaced with [p]. The consonants [w], [f], [y] have never been heard at the end of the word, the consonant [z] has only been heard at the beginning, while [x] has not been heard at all. The conclusion of this research is that Ahmad Jamaluddin Muthohar has obtained vowels that look perfect in their pronunciation and use at the beginning, middle and end of his words. Ahmad Jamaluddin Muthohar's acquisitions in the field of syntax can be seen in the use of declarative, interrogative and imperative sentences that he has mastere
PEMIKIRAN JAMALUDDIN ABDUL RAZIQ TENTANG PENYATUAN KALENDER ISLAM INTERNASIONAL DAN IMPLEMENTASINYA DI INDONESIA
No full textMankinds needs a calendar as a regulator and time divider. Especially for Muslims, the need for a calendar is very urgent because there are many Muslim worships related to time, such as the Hajj, Ramadan fasting and other purposes. There are two systems of calendars based on the circulation times of heavenly bodies. First, the Christian calendar is a dating system based on the average circulation of the Earth around the Sun (Solar System). Second, the Hijri Calendar is a calendar based on the average circulation of the moon around the Earth (Lunar System). The criteria clearly affect the uncertainty of the Islamic Calendar. Then it is necessary to unite the Islamic calendar universally. One of the initiators in uniting the Islamic calendar is Jamaluddin Abdur Raziq which is contained in at-Taqwim al-Qamariy al-Islam al-Muwaahid or famous for the term Universal Islamic Calendar. This idea arises because of the differences that often occur in beginning and ending the beginning of the lunar month. In this concept Jamaluddin Abdur Raziq hopes that all Muslims throughout the world have a permanent Islamic calendar. The method applied in this paper is descriptive analysis. The author will describe the concept of Jamaludin Abdur Raziq's idea of the unification of the Islamic Calendar. After describing it, then it will analyze the implementation of the idea of Jamaludin Abdur Raziq in Indonesia
Persekitaran ruang rumah: Hubungannya dengan salah lakuremaja
No full textKajian ini cuba mengenalpasti hubungan di antara persekitaran ruang
rumah di sebuah kawasan perumahan kos rendah dengan salah laku remaja
seperti jenayah dan keganasan. Objektif kajian ini ialah mengenalpasti
kepuasan terhadap ruang fizikal dan persekitaran rumah kos rendah dan
hubungannya dengan salah laku remaja. Sejumlah 333 sub sampel ibu bapa
dan 333 sub sampel remaja dipilih secara rawak sebagai sampel kajian.
Kajian ini menunjukkan bahawa tidak terdapat hubungan yang signifikan di
antara kepuasan terhadap ruang fizikal dan persekitaran rumah kos rendah
dan hubungannya dengan salah laku remaja (p>0.01). Begitu juga tidak
terdapat perbezaan yang signifikan terhadap kepuasan terhadap ruang fizikal
dan persekitaran rumah kos rendah berdasarkan bangsa ibu bapa (p>0.01).
Justeru, ruang fizikal dan persekitaran rumah tidak memberi kesan yang
signifikan terhadap pembentukan dan penularan salah laku remaja
Evolution of ICT infrastructure in UiTM / Rozita Mengen and Jamaluddin Johan
No full textThe article is about the evolution of UiTM ICT infrastructure, in general. Objective of the article review is to inform and record the changing technology applied throughout the years. The information will circulate around topics on the growth of network communications services that supports UiTM applications over the years. Method of identifying data is based on information reviewed from the paper written by the first author and the work experiences from both authors in the field. Findings from the collection of data will be a general chronological evolution of the entire ICT infrastructure system in UiTM for both intranet and the Internet link. These explanation enables the understanding on how ICT infrastructure evolution and growth in UiTM and can be referred to as a guideline for current or future administrators
Perkembangan tradisi Arabistika dan kajian al-Quran oleh orientalis Rusia pada penghujung abad ke-18 M
No full textPerkembangan tradisi arabistika dan kajian AI-Qur \u27an di Rusia mengalami masa suram sepeninggal raja Peter the Great (1682- 1725) hinggu akhirnya memperoleh kegairahan dan napas baru ditangan Ratu Caterine (/762-1796) menjelang akhir abad 18 M yang mengeluarkan beberapa kebijakan monumental seperti: Pengkaderan dan Upaya Penubuhan institusi Studi Arabistika. Penerjemahan Al-Qur \u27an versi Petersburg dan Kazan, Penerjemahan Literatur Arab dan Para Kelana Rusia, hingga penerbitan Jurnal Ilmiah Populer dan Kamus Besar Bahasa Dunia. Beberapa upaya tersebut berhasil
memberi gairah intelektualisme baru bagi bangsa Rusia dalam membangun fondasi keilmuon tradisi arabistika dan kajian AI-Qur \u27an. Artikel ini menganalisis fenomena tumbuh kembangnya tradisi arabistika dan pengaruhnya terhadap kajian AI-Qur \u27an oleh para orientalis Rusia semisal I. Yu. Krachkovskiy , P.A. Gryaznevich. Ye . A. Rezvan, dan lainnya. dengan menggunakan pendekatan sejarah sosial-intelektual. Pada saat yang sama artikel ini j uga mencermati fenomena serupa yang terjadi pada bangsa Barat dan Eropa seperti direkam oleh C. Edmund Bosworth, Rudi Paret, Maksim Rodin son dan lainnya serta diperkaya dengan sumber-sumber Arab terkait seperti ditulis oleh
Nazhim Muhammad al-Dairawy dan Sami Dahhan
Tinjauan mengenai unsur islam dalam kehidupan intelektual rusia berasaskan bahan kajian para orientalis terpilih
No full textProperties of neural networks with applications to modelling nonlinear dynamical systems
No full text- …
