227,459 research outputs found
Dataset for ozone imacts on NPP in the North China Plain
No full text<p>Ozone pollution led to an average 25% decrease in NPP in the North China Plain (NCP). This decline is consistent with previous estimates that ranged from 10% to 25%. Productivity of forest trees, crops, and grasses declined significantly, ranging from 36.7% to 47.1%. These results have implications for Chinese crops, as lower crop productivity can negatively affect crop yields. Our study highlights the urgent need for action to mitigate the detrimental effects of ozone pollution on ecosystem health and productivity.</p>
L’autografia d'autore: Cambiamenti nella realizzazione e nella concezione del libro dal XII secolo all’invenzione della stampa
No full textIt is generally believed that the invention of printing triggered a cultural change, marking the passage between the medieval idea of the book and the modern one. It should be noted, though, that there was an important evolution through the Late Middle Ages, and that the printing revolution, however crucial, must be placed inside the wider process that from the XIIth century onwards transformed the use and function of writing, of reading and, consequently, the book itself, both theoretically and physically. The aim of this study is to track the cultural roots of the changes in the practices of intellectual work and, viceversa, to determine whether and how such changes may have influenced, through the literary production, late medieval culture. I have focused on the phenomenon of literary autography which, very unusual in the Early Middle Ages, is attested by a new and uninterrupted series of examples from the XIth-XIIth centuries onwards. The cultural landscape of the end of the Middle Ages appears therefore marked by the tension between a recurring drive towards an individualisation of the relation between an author and his work and a strict control by the author over the final product (both philologically and graphically) and an opposite trend leading to the loosening of the author's control over his work, as a natural result of the circulation of the texts but also of a different idea of the authorial role
Condiscipuli Sumus
No full textThis chapter addresses the place of horizontal learning in monastic
culture. Firstly, it focuses on the relation between theoretical instances
of horizontal learning and the evidence for horizontal learning practices
in monastic everyday life. On the basis of this, it proposes a reflection
on the extent to which horizontal learning can be associated with the
monastic world in comparison to other contexts, first and foremost the
world of secular clerics and canon regulars. While there can be no doubt
that horizontal learning is not unique to the monastic world, an evaluation
of the complex balance between horizontal learning and vertical learning
must always consider that much depends on the individual author, his or
her social and religious status, the kind of community, and the specific
contents and contexts of learning
STUDI TIPE AGROFORESTRI DI KAMPUNG LONG PAKAQ BARU KECAMATAN LONG PAHANGAI KABUPATEN MAHAKAM ULU PROVINSI KALIMANTAN TIMUR
No full textAgroforestri merupakan suatu tipe yang mengkombinasikan antara komponen hutan dengan komponen pertanian yang dapat memperbaiki lingkungan dan dapat meningkatkan ekonomi masyarakat. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengatahui tipe Agroforestri yang diterapkan masyarakat Kampung Long Paakaq Baru. Manfaat penelitian diharapkan dapat menambah pengetahuan dan wawasan menyangkut tipe Agroforestri yang diterapkan masyarakat Kampung Long Pakaq Baru. Metode penelitian menggunakan metode deskriptif kualitatif dengan teknik pengumpulan data didapatkan melalui wawancara, kuesioner dan observasi langsung di lapangan. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di Kampung Long Pakaq Baru Kecamatan Long Pahangai Kabupaten Mahakam Ulu pada lahan masyarakat yang dikelola dengan sistem Agroforestri. Penelitian ini dilakukan selama dua bulan. Hasil dari penelitian ini terdapat 1 tipe Agroforestri yaitu tipe Agrosilvikultur yang merupakan campuran tanaman kehutanan, tanaman pangan dan tanaman hortikultura
Development of logistics services in Vietnam since becoming the World Trade Organization’s member (WTO) : factors affecting supply chain activities at retail business enterprises in Vietnam
No full textLogistics Services in Vietnam have been rapidly changing after accession to the World Trade Organization (WTO) in 2007, is marked a significant turning point in international integration. The entry into the world has extended a range of opportunities for import and export operations, which has supported the expansion and consolidation of logistics services. The thesis illustrates an overview of the Logistics Service and Supply Chain activities at Retail Businesses in Vietnam.
The goals of this thesis were to offer the solutions to effectively develop the logistics service industry that can be proposed, positively impact the chain of production and business activities, and improve the competitiveness of Vietnamese enterprises. The study aimed at effectively assisting in improving the competitiveness of Vietnamese companies, actively contributing to the management of the product lifecycle and supply chain.
The thesis was implemented by applying the qualitative research approach to collect the data from reliable sources such as academic books, sciences journal articles, literature views, sciences research by experts, etc. The data was evaluated and recognized the answer the research questions and substantiate the study’s conclusion. In the thesis, to acquire a better understanding of Logistics Services in practice in Vietnam, the author did a SWOT analysis, which was used to evaluate the situations then recommend the best solutions to the obstacles and challenges.
Consequently, the author identified 15 critical factors impacting the performance of Vietnam's retail firms' supply chain operations and proposed a feasible solution for the future growth of Logistics Services Enterprises in Vietnam. The solution was based on the key success of 15 aspects and a long-term economic strategy for the expansion of Logistics Services. Comprehensive connectivity and coordination throughout the supply chain will enable supply chain development and growth
Dataset for ozone imacts on NPP in the North China Plain
No full text<p>Ozone pollution led to an average 25% decrease in NPP in the North China Plain (NCP). This decline is consistent with previous estimates that ranged from 10% to 25%. Productivity of forest trees, crops, and grasses declined significantly, ranging from 36.7% to 47.1%. These results have implications for Chinese crops, as lower crop productivity can negatively affect crop yields. Our study highlights the urgent need for action to mitigate the detrimental effects of ozone pollution on ecosystem health and productivity.</p>
Glucocorticoid receptor activation by long acting steroids and its modification by inflammation
No full texts:
Glucocorticoids have an effective anti-inflammatory, anti-proliferative and immunomodulatory activity. Therefore this class of drugs is used worldwide for the treatment of inflammatory diseases and to prevent rejection following organ transplantation. Inhaled glucocorticoids are the cornerstone treatment of asthma and advanced chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). The new long acting glucocorticoids mometasone and Ciclesonide have recently been introduced for the treatment of asthma. The aim of these studies is to assess the kinetics and molecular pathways of glucocorticoid receptor (GR) activation and traffic in human lung fibroblasts and bronchial smooth muscle cells. Furthermore the effects of new long acting glucocorticoids on GR activation, complex formation with the transcription factor C/EBP and its isoforms proliferation will be evaluated. Glucocorticoids enter the cytosol of cells by diffusion and bind to an intracellular specific receptor, the glucocorticoid receptor (GR), inducing a conformational change and leading thereby to its activation. The active GR translocates into the nucleus, where it binds to its cognate DNA recognition sequence, the glucocorticoid response element (GRE). Often the activation of the GR is associated with a parallel activation of the transcription factor C/EBP-, followed by de novo synthesis of p21(waf1/cip1), which in turn is mediating the GR dependent inhibition of the cell cycle. Both, GR and C/EBP- are necessary to induce and activate p21(waf1/cip1) and to arrest the cell cycle at the transition from the G1- to the S-phase. Fibroblasts and bronchial smooth muscle cells are centrally involved in airway remodeling of patients with asthma and COPD. Therefore three cell types were chosen to assess the effect of the classical and new glucocorticoids on GR activation, cell proliferation and extracellular matrix deposition under different conditions. Four cell
culture conditions were chosen to mimic different stages of inflammation: confluent cells without serum representing intact, not damaged tissue; confluent cells with 5% fetal calf serum to mimic early stages of inflammation; sub-confluent cells without serum to represent damaged tissue with no active inflammatory process; sub-confluent cells with 5% serum to represented tissue with active inflammation-induced lung tissue remodeling.
The results showed that cell density and inflammation alter the localization and function of the GR. In sub-confluent cells dexamethasone activated the nuclear accumulation and DNA binding of the GR persistently, while in confluent cells its activity declined. In sub-confluent cells, GR interacted with a 42 kDa C/EBP-α isoprotein, which resulted in an up-regulation of p21(Waf1/Cip1) expression and suppression of proliferation. In confluent cells glucocorticoids induced p27(Kip1) expression via p38 MAP kinase and a 52 kDa C/EBP-β isoprotein. Furthermore, p27(Kip1) did not mediate the anti-proliferative effect of glucocorticoids, but simultaneous inhibition of p21(Waf1/Cip1) and p27(Kip1) unlocked contact inhibition in confluent cell cultures.
The studies further showed that in lung fibroblasts the long acting steroid mometasone in contrast to ciclesonide or the short acting steroids dexamethasone, budesonide or fluticasone did not induce tachyphylaxis and had a preferable effect on airway remodeling. Mometasone maintained the increased GR activity significantly over 24 hours, compared to that induced by dexamethasone which peaked at 6 hours and declined thereafter. Similarly drug specific effects were observed for the expression of C/EBP- and p21(Waf1/Cip1). The anti-proliferative effect of mometasone was significantly stronger and long lasting compared to all other steroids. Similar anti-proliferative effects were observed in bronchial smooth muscle cells. Regarding airway remodeling we observed that mometasone, in contrast to all other steroids, did not further stimulate serum dependent synthesis and deposition of extracellular matrix and did not affect matrix metalloproteinase-2 and -9 expression or activity. Therefore this novel steroid will have a lower modulatory effect of tissue remodeling compared to the other steroids. Interestingly the long duration effects of the new glucocorticoid ciclesonide originated from the metabolism of the epithelial cells.
In conclusion, our findings suggest that the action of glucocorticoids differs under non-inflammatory and inflammatory conditions in human lung fibroblasts and bronchial smooth muscle cells. Different doses of inhaled steroids might therefore be applied in patient with asthma and COPD dependent on the current status of inflammation in order to reduce side effects. The long acting glucocorticoid mometasone might help to reduce overall steroid dosage and might thereby reduce the risk of tachyphylaxis, enhanced tissue remodeling and other typical steroid side effects. Ciclosonide is a new long acting steroid, but its action on mesenchymal cells depends on the function of epithelial cells.
These studies not only improve the understanding of the effect of different glucocorticoid on mesenchymal lung cells but might also help to find optional treatment doses
Twin-timescale radio resource management for ultra-reliable and low-latency vehicular networks
No full textTo efficiently support safety-related vehicular applications, the ultra-reliable and low-latency communication (URLLC) concept has become an indispensable component of vehicular networks (VNETs). Due to the high mobility of VNETs, exchanging near-instantaneous channel state information (CSI) and making reliable resource allocation decisions based on such short-term CSI evaluations are not practical. In this paper, we consider the downlink of a vehicle-to-infrastructure (V2I) system conceived for URLLC based on idealized perfect and realistic imperfect CSI. By exploiting the benefits of the massive MIMO concept, a two-stage radio resource allocation problem is formulated based on a novel twin-timescale perspective for avoiding the frequent exchange of near-instantaneous CSI. Specifically, based on the prevalent road-traffic density, Stage 1 is constructed for minimizing the worst-case transmission latency on a long-term timescale. In Stage 2, the base station allocates the total power at a short-term timescale according to the large-scale fading CSI encountered for minimizing the maximum transmission latency across all vehicular users. Then, a primary algorithm and a secondary algorithm are conceived for our V2I URLLC system to find the optimal solution of the twin-timescale resource allocation problem, with special emphasis on the complexity imposed. Finally, our simulation results show that the proposed resource allocation scheme significantly reduces the maximum transmission latency, and it is not sensitive to the fluctuation of road-traffic density
月球立方星姿态控制系统的初步设计与测试
No full textCubeSats are miniature functional satellites. The increasing interest in CubeSats has uncovered the potential for planetary missions. Besides, CubeSats is an excellent educational platform. The preliminary attitude control system is designed and the corresponding hardware is built using commercial products for a lunar mission employing a CubeSat constellation to provide positioning service for landers/rovers on the far side of the moon. At the same time, the basic frame and necessary subsystems including the structure, power and on-board computer subsystems, and the attitude experiment platform are constructed. Based on the hardware platform, the control model is deeply understood through measuring damping coefficients by experiments. A PD control method is designed to control the attitude. The numerical and physical simulation results match well, and the CubeSat system achieves accurate attitude maneuver.</p
EXOGEN ultrasound bone healing system for long bone fractures with non-union or delayed healing: a NICE medical technology guidance
No full textOpen Access. This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Noncommercial License which permits any noncommercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author(s) and the source are credited.This article has been made available through the Brunel Open Access Publishing Fund.A routine part of the process for developing National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE) medical technologies guidance is a submission of clinical and economic evidence by the technology manufacturer. The Birmingham and Brunel Consortium External Assessment Centre (EAC; a consortium of the University of Birmingham and Brunel University) independently appraised the submission on the EXOGEN bone healing system for long bone fractures with non-union or delayed healing. This article is an overview of the original evidence submitted, the EAC’s findings, and the final NICE guidance issued.The Birmingham and Brunel Consortium is funded by NICE to act as an External Assessment Centre for the Medical Technologies Evaluation Programme
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