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POLITIK ETNISITAS DALAM PEMILU KADA (Studi Kasus dalam Pelaksanaan Pemilu Kada Bupati dan Wakil Bupati di Pasaman Provinsi Sumatera Barat)
No full textOtonomi Daerah merubah sistem pemilihan kepala daerah dari pemilihan tak langsung yang dipilih oleh DPRD sebagai perwakilan rakyat di parlemen menjadi pemilihan langsung yang di pilih oleh rakyat atau yang sering disebut dengan Pemilu Kada. Pelaksanaan Pemilu Kada langsung menimbulkan berbagai permasalahan di tingkat lokal, salah satunya
kekisruhan Pemilu Kada 2010 dalam pemilihan Bupati dan Wakil Bupati di Kabupaten Pasaman yang menimbulkan persaingan kompetitif antar kandidat serta menguatnya sentimen
keetnisan dan kedaerahan antara etnis Minang dan Mandahiling Batak. Dimana pasangan calon Bupati Yusuf Lubis-Syafnalis kalah oleh pasangan Beni Utama-Daniel. Hal ini terbukti
karena adanya kelompok tertentu dari kedua pasangan calon Bupati dan Wakil Bupati (Tim Sukses) yang menjadikan isu primordial sebagai basis kekuatan massa yang secara emosional lebih kuat dan terjaga hak pilihya. Seperti adanya vvacanya etnis yang secara oposisional seperti "aku-kamu", "kami dan mereka" dari tim sukses menimbulkan antagonisme dalam interaksi antar etnis Minang dan Mandahiling khususnya dalam tahapan Pemilu Kada (electoral proces). Permasalahan ini dibatasi dengan pertanyaan penelitian seperti apakah
sentimen keetnisan menguat dalam Pemilu Kada 2010 di Kabupaten Pasaman dan implikasi menguatnya sentimen keetnisan terhadap pelaksanaan Pemilu Kada di daerah ini.
Penelitian ini menggunakan konsep politik identitas etnis, implementasi politik etnis, Rasisme dan etnis dalam aspek politik identitas, pendekatan teoritis dalam melihat etnisitas dan pemilihan kepala daerah. Tipe penelitian eksploratif dengan pendekatan kualitatif. Teknik pengumpulan data dengan menggunakan wawancara dan dokumentasi. Pemilihan informan dengan menggunakan snowball sampling sehingga didapat 13 orang informan. Data di analisis melalui interpretasi etik dan emik kemudian dielaborasi dalam kajian politik lokal dan otonomi daerah sesuai dengan permasalahan yang diteliti.
Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahiva pelaksanaan Pemilu Kada langsung Bupati dan Wakil Bupati tahun 2005 dan tahun 2010 di Pasaman menjadikan etnis sebagai basis penentuan pasangan bupati dan wakil bupati sehin^a menyebabkan keterpecahan golongan etnis Mandating dan Minang dalam memberikan dukungan politik memudahkan untuk dimobilisasi oleh elit politik serta gerakan politik etnisitas dalam konteks Pemilu Kada menjadi daya dorong elit politik dalam mempengaruhi ma^makat serta berbagai bentuk atribut etnis dan bahasa rasial etnis menjadi intrumen kampanye yang menimbulkan kekisruhan dalam tahapan Pemilu Kada tersebuL Elit politik memobilisasi etnisitas sehingga timbulnya perasaan kekitaan
dari kelompok etnis, yang mana perbedaan kultural yang menjadi kekayaan budaya daerah berubah menjadi perpecahan diantara kelompok etnis yang menimbulkan hubungan primordial
kesukuan serta perasaaan sentimen dari kelompok etnis yang makin mempertegas batas-batas orang Minang dan Mand^ing di Pasaman. Munculnya politik etnisitas karena disebabkan oleh
pembangunan yang tidak strategis, ketimpangan dalam struktur birokrasi, serta penggunaan Identitas kultural yang terlalu menonjol dalam berbagai bidang sehingga menimbulkan
sentimen dari kelompok yang merasa tidak diberdayakan serta menjadi pemicu menguatnya sentimen keetnisan dari masyarakat tersebut. Selanjutnya munculnya politik etnis juga disebabkan oleh kontniksi atau rekayasa politik yang dilakukan oleh elit politik dalam mengeksploitasi etnis
PARTISIPASI MASYARAKAT DALAM PENYUSUNAN RENCANA PEMBANGUNAN JANGKA MENENGAH DAERAH (RPJMD) KOTA PEKANBARU 2012-2017
Full text linkThe region authority to controlling the development planning contained in a regulations No. 25 of 2014 about the system of development planning. The regulation give an opportunity to the public to become involved in every process of development especially in the long-term process, medium-term although short-term. Medium-term development plan (RPJMD) become the important ones to every region especially Peknbaru city, because this formula was an elaboration of the vision and mission of regional head (Walikota) as well as executives products that directly related to the policies of city government development. As part of the process of formulating the development plan, the discussion of development planning (musrenbang) was the only step where the public get the chance to participate. Through a descriptive qualitative approach by the ethic data analysis and emic, concluded that the public participate in the discussion of development planning RPJMD of Pekanbaru city fully initiated by the government of Pekanbaru city, there was nothing mobilitation from the government to the public in musrenbang because the public voluntary attendance for the invitation, participation from the formal way and group and also there was nothing informal way, so this participation has not been effective because the public were not involved from the start in the formulations of the RPJMD, so that the public still seen as a subject in the development planning
PELAKSANAAN HAK KONSTITUSIONAL WARGA NEGARA DALAM AKSI BERDEMONSTRASI DI KOTA PEKANBARU : Pelaksanaan Hak Konstitusional Warga Negara Dalam Aksi Berdemonstrasi
No full textDemonstrating is a form of expressing opinions in public that is guaranteed by the constitution, this is very important because it is part of human rights, but in practice it must pay attention to the principle of balance between rights and obligations, respecting the rights of others, not anarchy, using language that polite and ethical as regulated by existing regulations, but in practice in the city of Pekanbaru it is not uncommon for demonstrators to do the opposite. The research method, this type of research is sociological legal research. research by obtaining data directly into the field in the form of interviews. The research location was carried out in Pekanbaru City. The reason for determining the location in Pekanbaru City is the location with the most occurrences and the target location for demonstrations in Riau Province compared to other Regencies/Cities in Riau Province. The results of this study concluded that the implementation of citizens' constitutional rights in demonstrating in the city of Pekanbaru has not been effective. because demonstrations tend not to inform the police about their action plans, beyond the time limit set by existing regulations, the actions turn out to be disorderly and tend to be anarchic. Obstacles in carrying out demonstrations include time limits, failure to follow action plan reporting rules, irresponsible repressive security, intervention from the security forces, provocations, officials or targets for action disappearing, misunderstandings between demonstrators and security forces resulting in physical conflict, destruction/confiscation /deprivation of action props. Efforts that must be made include: outreach or legal counseling on the Freedom of Expressing Opinions in Public to elements or components of society who have the potential to carry out demonstrations.Berdemonstrasi salah satu bentuk penyampaian pendapat di muka umum yang dijamin oleh konstitusi, hal ini sangat penting karena bagian dari hak azasi manusia, namun dalam pelaksanaannya wajib memperhatikan azas keseimbangan antara hak dan kewajiban, menghormati hak-hak orang lain, tidak anarkhis, mengunakan bahasa yang santun dan beretika sebagaimana yang diatur regulasi yang ada, namun dalam pelaksanaannya di Kota Pekanbaru tidak jarang terjadi sebaliknya yang dilakukan oleh pihak demonstran. Metode penelitian, jenis penelitian ini merupakan penelitian hukum sosiologis. penelitian dengan cara memperoleh data langsung ke lapangan dalam bentuk wawancara. Lokasi penelitian dilaksanakan di Kota Pekanbaru. Alasan penetapan lokasi di Kota Pekanbaru merupakan lokasi yang paling banyak terjadi dan sasaran lokasi aksi demonstrasi di Provinsi Riau dibandingkan Kabupaten/Kota lainnya di Provinsi Riau. Hasil penelitian ini disimpulkan bahwa Pelaksanaan Hak Konstitusional Warga Negara Dalam Aksi Berdemonstrasi di Kota Pekanbaru belum berjalan efektif, karena demonstrasi cenderung tidak memberitahukan rencana aksi kepada pihak kepolisian, melebihi batas waktu yang ditentukan oleh aturan yang ada, aksi berubah tidak tertib dan cenderung anarkis. Hambatan pelaksanaan demonstras adanya pembatasan waktu, tidak mengikuti aturan pelaporan rencana aksi, pengamanan represif yang tidak bertanggung jawab, intervensi dari pihak keamanan, provokasi, pejabat atau sasaran aksi menghilang, kesalahpahaman antar massa aksi demonstrasi dengan pihak keamanan sehingga mengakibatkan konflik fisik, penghancuran/penyitaan/perampasan alat peraga aksi. Upaya yang harus dilakukan, di antaranya: sosialisasi atau penyuluhan hukum Kebebasan Menyampaikan Pendapat Di Muka Umum kepada elemen atau komponen masyarakat yang potensial melakukan aksi demonstras
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
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