1,721,158 research outputs found
BIODIVERSTY CONSERVATION IN INDONESIA REQUIRES RELIGIOUS FOUNDATION
No full textIndonesia is a megabiodiversity country. But the loss of habitat and exploitation have threatened our biodiversity. So far many projects have failed to protect the biodiversity in Indonesia. To be auccessful, conservation works in Indonesia must deal with the environmental ethic. Religion is one source of ethic. Since most Indonesians are Moslems it is imperative that Islamic scholars and preachers include environmental ethic in their speech. It is encouraging to find out that Islam does support conservation of nature, including biodiversity. If conservation of biological diversity has been understood by the general public as a religious duty, it will be much easier for conservation workers to do their jobs
EFFECTS OF EARTHWORM AND LEAF LITTER ON THE GROWTH OF Leucaena leucocephala Lam De Wit AND Sesbania grandiflora IN COAL-MINED SOIL GROWTH MEDIA
Get PDFThe objectives of this study was to evaluate the effects of earthworm introduction and leaf litter on the soil fertility and plant growth on the coal-mined soil growth media. This factorial experiment used completely randomized design. The first factor was the type of growth media, consisting of four levels, namely 1) topsoil, 2) coal-mined soil, 3) coal- mined soil + leaf litter of Euphatorium odoratum, and 4) coal-mined soil, + Euphatorium litter + earthworms, Pontoscolex corethrurus. The second factor was plants species, consisting of two levels, namely 1) Sesbania grandiflora and 2) Leucaena leucochepala Lam De Wit. Results showed that addition of leaf litter, or addition of leaf litter plus earthworms significantly increased soil fertility and plant growth. Sesbania gradiflora significantly grew faster than Leucanea leucocephala
ASPEK EKOLOGIS HUTAN TANAMAN INDONESIA
No full textKonversi hutan alam hujan tropis menjadi hutan tanaman secara drastis menyederhanakan kompleksitas struktur hutan dan mengurangi komposisi jenis penyusun hutan. Perubahan ini menimbulkan konsekuensi ekologis, antara lain menurunnya keragaman hayati, meningkatnya serangan hama dan penyakit tanaman dan potensi penurunan kesuburan tanah. Penerapan prinsip-prinsip ekologi dapat dilakukan untuk mengurangi dampak ekologis hutan tanaman. Kompleksitas struktur hutan dan keragaman hayati dapat ditingkatkan dengan mempertahankan dan menambah jalur hutan alam yang terhubung satu sama lain. Jalur hutan alam ini berfungsi sebagai habitat berbagai jenis hewan, termasuk penyerbuk tanaman dan predator yang dapat mengendalikan populasi hama dan penyakit tanaman. Kesuburan tanah dapat dipertahankan dengan mengembalikan seresah dan limbah kayu dan kulit pohon ke tanah
ASPEK ETIKA DALAM KONSERVASI TUMBUHAN DI INDONESIA
No full textThe rapid growth of population In Indonesia has caused extensive conversion of highly diverse natural forests into single species plantations. Most production forest and protection forest which, according to national law, are managed by local government have been extensively damaged. Relatively guarded conservation forest is the last resort for biodiversity conservation. However, lacking conservation ethic, many local government officials and rural community who have no access to this nationally managed forest area often see conservation forest as a hindrance to the economic development. Although in situ and ex situ conservation areas have been established since colonial era, the ethical foundation of conservation, however, has never been widely discussed among general public. Conservation is perceived as the aspiration of the elite group in society. Some government officials and general public sometimes see conservation values as western ones imposed upon us. Many regents and governors are proposing to the Ministry of Forestry for the conversion of conservation forest into other land use types. In many places, illegal conversion of many conservation forests has occurred. Unless an ethical foundation of conservation is built, it is only a matter of time that even conservation forest will finally succumb to the public and local government pressure for conversion into other land use types. It is, therefore, essential that conservation workers in Indonesia develop conservation ethic suitable for Indonesian society. Religious and traditional teachings must be considered in developing this ethic. Scientists, religious, tribal and political leaders, journalists as well as celebrities must be involved in formulating and socializing conservation ethics
PENERAPAN EKOLOGI UNTUK MEWUJUDKAN PERTANIAN BERKELANJUTAN
No full textAgricultural revolution that started ten thousand years ago has changed drastically the surface of the earth. Many natural ecosystems have been converted into farm lands or agroecosystems. The fundamental change brought about by agriculture is the simplification of ecosystem structure which in turn causes the reduction of ecosystem functions or services. High diversity of plants and animals in natural ecosystems has drastically reduced into several, even single species plantation. The abundance of one species of crop in monoculture and the absence of predators increase the number of pests, so farmers have to use synthetic pesticides to control them. The disruption of material cycle in monoculture reduces the replenishment soil nutrient, so farmers must use inorganic fertilizers. Applying a large amount of synthetic pesticides and inorganic fertilizers to the crops and the soil, agriculture is the main source of environmental pollution. The use of water excessively for irrigation and the clearence of forest in steep land for farm land cause detrimental hydrological impacts. Agriculture also causes soil degradation. The agricultural practices that drastically change ecosystem structure are not sustainable and must therefore be replaced by sustainable agriculture based on ecological principles. Agroecosystem must be brought back closer to natural ecosystem by: (1) increasing ecosystem structure through increasing the diversity of species and growth form of plants and increasing landscape heterogeniety, (2) improving material cycles and (3) conserving soil and water. Bringing back agroecosystems to natural ecosystems will bring back ecosystem functions and reduce the detrimental environmental impacts of agriculture
PENGARUH PEMBERIAN SERESAH DAN CACING TANAH TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN TANAMAN LAMTORO (Leucaena leucocephala Lam De Wit) DAN TURI (Sesbania grandiflora) PADA MEDIA TANAM TANAH BEKAS PENAMBANGAN BATU BARA
Get PDFThe objectives of this study was to evaluate the effects of earthworm introduction and leaf litter on the soil fertility and plant growth on the coal-mined soil growth media. This factorial experiment used completely randomized design. The first factor was the type of growth media, consisting of four levels, namely 1) topsoil, 2) coal-mined soil, 3) coal- mined soil + leaf litter of Euphatorium odoratum, and 4) coal-mined soil, + Euphatorium litter + earthworms, Pontoscolex corethrurus. The second factor was plants species, consisting of two levels, namely 1) Sesbania grandiflora and 2) Leucaena leucochepala Lam De Wit. Results showed that addition of leaf litter, or addition of leaf litter plus earthworms significantly increased soil fertility and plant growth. Sesbania gradiflora significantly grew faster thanLeucanea leucocephala
KEANEKARAGAMAN JENIS TUMBUHAN YANG BERGUNA SECARA LOKAL DI DESA BATU AMPAR, DI DEKAT KAWASAN HUTAN LINDUNG BUKIT RAJA MANDARA, KABUPATEN BENGKULU SELATAN (The Diversity of Locally Useful Plants in Batu Ampar Village Near Bukit Raja Mandara Protected)
No full textABSTRAK
Keanekaragaman jenis tumbuhan memiliki banyak fungsi bagi masyarakat, terutama adalah mereka yang tinggal di daerah pedesaan. Masing-masing masyarakat tradisional di Indonesia memiliki pengetahuan khusus tentang tumbuhan yang terdapat di lingkungan mereka dan pemanfaatanya. Memiliki banyak jenis tumbuhan dan suku bangsa, Indonesia kaya akan keanekaragaman biologi dan budaya. Namun, pertanian modern dan globalisasi cenderung menurunkan keanekaragaman biologi dan budaya tersebut. Oleh karena itu, pelestarian pengetahuan dan pemanfaatan tradisional sangat penting untuk dilakukan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendokumentasikan keanekaragaman jenis tumbuhan yang digunakan oleh penduduk desa Batu Ampar, di Kecamatan Kedurang, Kabupaten Bengkulu Selatan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penduduk desa tersebut memanfaatkan 83 jenis tanaman dalam 8 kategori, yaitu bahan makanan sebanyak 35 jenis, bahan obat-obatan 30 jenis, bahan bangunan 16 jenis, kayu bakar 9 jenis, pagar dan pagar hidup 9 jenis, kerajinan tangan 9 jenis, pewarna 1 jenis dan racun 1 jenis. Lima puluh lima jenis tumbuhan diambil dari lahan pribadi dan 28 jenis dari hutan. Secara ekonomis, 54 jenis tumbuhan dimanfaatkan untuk keperluan sendiri, sedangkan 29 jenis tumbuhan selain dimanfaatkan sendiri juga dijual.
ABSTRACT
The diversity of plant species serves many purposes for community, especially those living in rural areas. Each traditional community inIndonesiamay have specific knowledge and use of plants found in their environment. Having many plant species and tribes,Indonesiais rich in biological and cultural diversity. Modern agriculture and globalization, however, tends to reduce both diversities. It is, therefore, essential that traditional knowledge and uses of biological diversity be preserved. This study was aimed to document the diversity of plants used by villagers of Batu Ampar,KedurangSubdistrict, South Bengkulu District. Results showed that villagers used as many as 83 species of plants for eight categories, namely food, followed by medicine, construction, firewood, fence and hedge, handycaraft, coloring agent and poison with 35, 30, 16, 9, fence and hedge 9, handicraft 9, coloring agent 1 and poison 1 species respectively. Fifty five of the plant species were taken from private land and 28 from forest. Economically, 54 species were used for the villagers’ own purpose, while 29 species were not only for their own use but also for sale
KERAGAMAN DAN KOMPOSISI JENIS SAYUR DI PASAR TRADISIONAL DAN SUPERMARKET DI YOGYAKARTA
No full textSayur merupakan sumberdaya hayati yang penting bagi manusia untuk memenuhi kebutuhan gizinya. Dengan keragaman hayati yang tinggi, Indonesia diharapkan memiliki keragaman jenis tanaman sayur asli yang tinggi pula. Penelitian bertujuan untuk menghitung keragaman jenis dan komposisi jenis tanaman sayur segar yang terdapat di enam pasar tradisional dan tiga supermarket di Provinsi Yogyakarta. Data dikumpulkan dengan mencatat jenis sayur yang ada di enam pasar tersebut, kemudian diolah untuk menghitung jumlah jenisnya, menghitung indeks kemiripan jenis antara keenam pasar, dan membandingkan jumlah jenis asli dan introduksi. Dari ke enam pasar dan tiga supermarket diperoleh jenis sayur sebanyak 57, yang terdiri dari 13 suku. Jenis tanaman introduksi berjumlah 38 sedangkan jenis tanaman asli hanya 19. Indeks kemiripan jenis antar pasar maupun supermarket berkisar dari 0,42 sampai dengan 0,9.
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