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Consumers' Attitudes towards Supermarket in Yangon (Win Thida, 2012)
No full textToday's supermarket businesses have become very competitive and face nlan)' challepges ill
the *orld. In Myanmar, consumers have more interest in the different products, cheapc'r
prices, seyeral types of promotion, convenienf places, better sen'ices provided b1' the
supermarkets. In fact, the supermarkets should knorv consumers' attitudes tog'ards
supermarkers in order to explore the marketing strategies for creating consumer satistaction
and building long-term profitable customer relationship. This study aims to anall'ze the
consumers' attitudes toward supermarkets in Yangon and to examine the marketing
srrategies of supermarkets in order to provide kef insight in creating custonler-oriented
marketing strategies.
The objectives of this study are to identify the level of consumers' knoNledge.
attitudes and behavior torvards supermarkets, to determine the dominant lactors on
consumers' knorvledge, attitudes and behavior, to anall'ze the relationship betri een
consumers' knorvledge, attitudes and their behavior on supermarkets' to identifi the
marketing strategies adopted by the supermarkets and to explore lhe stralegies for creating
positi'e consumers' attitudes for,l'ards supermarkets. The main hypotheses of the studl' are
rhat (l) consumers have high level knowledge, (2) high level positive attitudes, (3) positive
behavior on superrnarkets, (4) consumers' behavior is affected by their knorvledge and
artitudes tolvards supermarkets and (5) the marketing strategies of supermarkets are releyltlt
*.ith the consumers, attitudes. To examine these h1'potheses, this stud)' applies sttch
methodologies as one sample T test, proponion test, multiple regression model and Chi-
Square test of independence. The primary data are collected by intervieu'ing *'ith strllctured
questionnaire from (500) consumers and top management of (10) supermarkets in Yangop'
The results of the study prove that the consumers have high level kno*'ledge, high
ler.el positive arritudes and positive behavior. The results highlight that consutlers' behavior
is affected by their knorvledge and attitudes towards supemrarkets' The sun/e)' results alst.r
contlnn that all marketing strategies except pricing strategies ol supernrarkets are re['\'i]l1t
*ith the consumers' attitudes.
llon,ever, the supermarkers still have several problems *'hich need to be resolvc'd in
order ro improve their perforrnance. The major weaknesses of supermarkets are i'abilirf in
practicing competitive pricing, incapability of choosing the convenient location to rc'acfi tltr-'
customers lrom a variety' of social classes, unfa'orable social dealings, i'suttlcic'nt c,r
parking, unpleasant store environment, long queuing at cash registers' forcing the custonters
ro take the unr'anted itenrs u'ithout having chance to change. To o'erconre such *'eaknesses.
lhe supermarkets need to apply the strategies based on the factors that lead to positii'e
.onrur.rr' attitudes. Moreover, the priorities in strategies of supermarkets need to be
;onformed with the priorities in consumers' attitudes towards supermarkets. These eftorts
riill pave the g'ay to furrher development of supermarkets in Myanmar and eventualll'
;ontribute to rhe socioeconomic develoPment of M;'anmar
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Isolation of HIV-1 envelope glycoproteins from subtype B and CRF01_AE viruses in Japan and Vietnam and the analysis of their sensitivity to various antibodies
No full textIsolation and structural identification of an alarm pheromone from the giant danio Danio malabaricus (Cyprinidae, Ostariophysi, Pisces)
Get PDFIm Rahmen dieser Arbeit wurden die chemischen und strukturellen Merkmale sowie die biologische Bedeutung des Schreckstoffs des Danio-Fisches Malabarbärbling untersucht. Die Isolierung und Identifizierung der Pheromon-Substanz wurde mit Hilfe der Methoden (HPLC, GFC, UV-VIS, NMR and LDIMS) durchgeführt. 3 mg des isolierten natürlichen Pheromons wurden verwendet, um dessen Struktur mit instrumentellen analytischen Methoden zu identifizieren. Abschließend erfolgte der Vergleich der untersuchten Daten des Schreckstoffs mit denen der synthetischen Komponente. Das natürliche Alarmpheromon wurde als 7-Hydroxybiopterin identifiziert. Bei Biotests mit 5 mL einer 0,4 myM 7-Hydroxybiopterin-Lösung in 20 L Aquarien konnte eine Schreckreaktion ausgelöst werden. Um die Spezifität und Selektivität des Pheromons zu verifizieren, wurde der Biotest mit verschiedenen Substanzen aus der Verbindungsklasse der Pterine und Purine durchgeführt. Wie die Ergebnisse des Biotests zeigen, handelt es sich bei 7-Hydroxybiopterin um einen Schreckstoff mit einer hochspezifischen Pheromonstruktur. Kleine Änderungen der Struktur führten zum Verlust der pheromonalen Aktivität
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Neighborhood social capital and sleep duration: a population based cross-sectional study in a rural Japanese town
Get PDF三重大学博士(医学)application/pdf内容の要旨・審査結果の要旨 / 三重大学大学院医学系研究科 生命医科学専攻 基礎医学系講座 公衆衛生・産業医学分野thesi
Neighborhood social capital and sleep duration: a population based crosssectional study in a rural Japanese town
Get PDF三重大学博士(医学)application/pdfBackground: Studies on social capital and health outcomes have become common, but the relationship between neighborhood social capital and sleep duration by gender is still unclear. We examined the relationship between neighborhood social capital and sleep duration by gender in adults living in a rural community in Japan.
Method: We conducted a cross-sectional survey of 12,321 residents aged ≥ 20 years in a town in Mie Prefecture in January-March 2013. Self-completed questionnaires were collected from the residents (n = 7782; valid participation rate, 63.2%). We used five items to assess the neighborhood social capital (Cronbach’s α=0.86). We summed up the scores of each item, and then divided the participants into four groups by quartile of total scores of neighborhood social capital (lowest, low, high, and highest). Sleep duration of < 7 h/day was defined as insufficient sleep duration according to previous studies. To adjust for potential confounders, we performed a multiple log-binominal regression analysis and estimated the prevalence ratios (PRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for insufficient sleep.
Results: Overall 42% of the men and 45% of the women had insufficient sleep. In the men, the lowest group of neighborhood social capital presented a 22% higher prevalence of insufficient sleep (PR 1.22; 95% CIs 1.08-1.38) compared to the highest group of neighborhood social capital. Similarly the low group of neighborhood social capital and the high group of neighborhood social capital had 20 and 19% higher prevalence of insufficient sleep (PR 1.20; 95% CIs 1.06-1.36; PR 1.19; 95% CIs 1.06-1.34, respectively) compared to the highest group of neighborhood social capital. For women there was no significant association between neighborhood social capital and insufficient sleep after controlling for all potential confounders.
Conclusion: Having lower neighborhood social capital was associated with insufficient sleep among Japanese adults, particularly in the men. This suggests that the context of neighborhood social capital by gender should be considered to promote healthier behaviors with regard to getting enough sleep.本文/Department of Public Health and Occupational Medicine, Mie University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-174 Edobashi, Tsu-shi, Mie 514-8507, Japan11pdoctoral thesi
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
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