1,720,964 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Greek and Roman Architecture and Cosmological Perceptions
Full text linkDiese Forschungsarbeit untersucht die kosmologischen Vorstellungen, die die Architektur des antiken Griechenlands und Roms beeinflussten und geprägten, beginnend mit Vorstellungen, die sich am Ende der archaischen Periode entwickelten, und die bis ins 1. Jahrhundert v. Chr. reichten, als der römische Architekt Marcus Vitruvius Pollio sein Werk "De Architectura" veröffentlichte. Als einziger erhaltener schriftlicher Korpus aus der Antike über den Beruf des Architekten bildet Vitruvius' Werk den Ausgangspunkt der Argumentation in dieser Forschungsarbeit, die schließlich zu dem Verständnis führt, dass "De Architectura" viel mehr als eine theoretische und didaktische Quelle der Architektur ist, sondern ein komplexes Werk mit direktem Bezug zur Naturphilosophie im Allgemeinen und zu kosmologischen Vorstellungen im Besonderen. Dieses Verständnis ermöglicht eine sorgfältige Analyse, wie Menschen in der Antike das Universum strukturierten und wie ihr Umgang mit der Natur die Entscheidungen des Architekten während seiner Baumaßnahmen beeinflusste. Die wichtigsten Schlussfolgerungen dieser Forschung zeigen, dass die Art und Weise, wie die natürliche Welt wahrgenommen wurde, einen wesentlichen Einfluss auf die griechische und römische Architektur hatte. Beobachtungen der Natur führten zur Untersuchung der universalen Ordnung und Regelmäßigkeiten und leiteten Architekten durch alle Phasen des Bauens. Praktisch hatten Architekten nur ein Ziel: Für die Menschen gesunde und praktische Baubedingungen zu gewährleisten, was durch die Arbeit im Einklang mit der Natur und ihrer inneren Ordnung erreicht wurde.This research explores the cosmological perceptions that influenced and shaped the architecture of ancient Greece and Rome, starting with perceptions that developed at the end of the archaic period, and continued all the way to the 1st century BCE when the Roman architect, Marcus Vitruvius Pollio, published his work “De Architectura”.
As the only written surviving corpus we have from Antiquity on the profession of architecture, Vitruvius’s work is the starting point of the arguments in this research, which eventually lead to the understanding that “De Architectura” is much more than a theoretical and didactic source of architecture, but a complex work with a direct link to the philosophy of nature in general, and cosmological perceptions in specific. This understanding, enables to handle a meticulous analysis of how the ancients perceived the universe’s structure, and how their approach to nature takes place in the decision-making of the architect during his building work.
The main conclusions of this research show that the manner in which the natural world was perceived was a primary source of influence on Greek and Roman architecture. Observations of nature led to the investigation of the universal order and regularities and guided architects throughout all the stages of the building work. Practically, architects had one objective only: to ensure sound building conditions for people, both in terms of health and in terms of convenience, and such a goal will be fulfilled by working in line with nature and its inner order
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Contemporary Echoes of the World Soul
No full textQuantum mechanics is a groundbreaking theory: it not only is extraordinarily empirically adequate but also is claimed to having shattered the classical paradigm of understanding the observer-observed distinction as well as the part-whole relation. This, together with other quantum features, has been taken to suggest that quantum theory can help one understand the mind-body relation in a unique way, in particular to solve the hard problem of consciousness along the lines of panpsychism. In this chapter, after having briefly presented panpsychism, Valia Allori discusses the main features of quantum theories and the way in which the main quantum theories of consciousness use them to account for conscious experience
From Plotinus to Proclus
Full text linkAncient Platonists after Plotinus maintain some central Plotinian tenets regarding the One as first cause, followed by Intellect and Soul, and the metaphysical processes of emanation and reversion, but are also critical of some of his views, and elaborate on them in crucial ways, often to solve perceived problems therein, or to incorporate other sources of wisdom. This chapter discusses three pagan Platonists, Porphyry, Iamblichus and Proclus, starting from their criticism, and subsequent development, of Plotinus' Platonism. The main changes they introduce concern the harmonization of Aristotle and Plato, an increased attention for logic and mathematics, a resort to a more religious approach (esp. theurgy), and the addition of numerous metaphysical distinctions. For the latter, most influential are a revision of the causal role of the One, and the introduction of a layer right below the One, of henads or 'ones'; the incorporation of the principle that everything is present in everything, in some relevant mode ("all in all"); a revision of the principles of causation, and an accompanying revaluation of matter; the more emphatic elaboration of intellect into a triad; the separation of universal and individual soul, and the view of the individual soul as completely descended; and the rejection of substantial evil
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
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