262,357 research outputs found
Yersinia pestis DNA from Skeletal Remains from the 6(th) Century AD Reveals Insights into Justinianic Plague.
No full textYersinia pestis, the etiologic agent of the disease plague, has been implicated in three historical pandemics. These include the third pandemic of the 19(th) and 20(th) centuries, during which plague was spread around the world, and the second pandemic of the 14(th)-17(th) centuries, which included the infamous epidemic known as the Black Death. Previous studies have confirmed that Y. pestis caused these two more recent pandemics. However, a highly spirited debate still continues as to whether Y. pestis caused the so-called Justinianic Plague of the 6(th)-8(th) centuries AD. By analyzing ancient DNA in two independent ancient DNA laboratories, we confirmed unambiguously the presence of Y. pestis DNA in human skeletal remains from an Early Medieval cemetery. In addition, we narrowed the phylogenetic position of the responsible strain down to major branch 0 on the Y. pestis phylogeny, specifically between nodes N03 and N05. Our findings confirm that Y. pestis was responsible for the Justinianic Plague, which should end the controversy regarding the etiology of this pandemic. The first genotype of a Y. pestis strain that caused the Late Antique plague provides important information about the history of the plague bacillus and suggests that the first pandemic also originated in Asia, similar to the other two plague pandemics
Annotations: 1478 instances of wh-clefts in English and German (Europarl corpus)
No full textThese annotations were created for a contrastive study of wh-cleft sentences in English and German. The study has been published as: Gast, V. & D. Wiechmann (2012). 'W(h)-Clefts im Deutschen und Englischen. Eine quantitative Untersuchung auf Grundlage des Europarl-Korpus'. In Gunkel, L. & G. Zifonun (eds.): Jahrbuch des IDS 2011, 333-362. Berlin: de Gruyter Mouton. It compares the distributions of wh-clefts in English and German on the basis of data from the Europarl corpus. A general tendency for English to use cleft sentences more frequently than German is related to the more rigid word order of English. The observed distributional asymmetries are regarded as emerging from different possibilities of meeting specific structural conditions. Four motivations for the use of cleft sentences are identified: (i) linear synchronization of information structure and syntax, (ii) structural separation of Quaestio and Responsio, (iii) separation of propositional content and utterance comment, and (iv) the heaviness principle. While all of these factors seem to favour the use of cleft sentences in English, German cleft sentences are mostly motivated by factor (ii), as the other conditions can also be met without forming a cleft sentence, due to the relatively free word order of German, e.g. in canonical verb-second sentences
Examining concepts of author disambiguation: co-authorship as a disambiguation feature in EconBiz
No full textName ambiguity of authors is a long-standing challenge in Digital Libraries. Simple
string searches for authors often have unsatisfactory results: publications by the
author in which their name is written differently cannot be found, and publications
by other authors of the same name get included. The authors can be distinguished
with the use of persistent identifers. This improves the search function and also
contributes to the data linking process. But many catalogs of libraries are not fully
disambiguated and it is not feasible for big libraries like the ZBW - Leibniz Information
Centre for Economics to disambiguate the bibliographic records manually.
The goal of this work is to help the ZBW with their disambiguation task. For
this purpose I analysed the datasets of the ZBW and identifed the challenges that
need to be overcome. I proposed an approach which uses already disambiguated
records to assign persistent identifer to ambiguous author references. The approach
could disambiguate ambiguous author references, though the quality of the
method needs to be further evaluated.:List of Figures
List of Tables
Listings
List of Algorithms
1 Introduction
1.1 Aim of the work
1.2 Structure of the thesis
2 Author disambiguation
2.1 Formal defnition
2.2 Types of disambiguation methods
2.3 Types of disambiguation features
2.4 Co-authorship as a disambiguation feature
3 The datasets of the ZBW
3.1 Methodology
3.2 Analysing the Econis data
3.3 Disambiguating names from other sources
4 Current approaches
4.1 Solving the common name problem
4.2 An incremental approach
4.3 Approaches in related fields
5 Proposal of an application-relevant approach
5.1 Disambiguation approach
5.2 Test datasets
5.3 Evaluation of the results
5.3.1 Partly disambiguated bibliographic records
5.3.2 Ambiguous bibliographic records with two or more authors
5.3.3 Ambiguous bibliograpic records with one author
6 Conclusion
A Full figures
B Extended tables
C Full results of the tests of the proposed method
C.1 Partly disambiguated bibliographic records
C.2 Ambiguous bibliographic records
Bibliograph
Examining concepts of author disambiguation: co-authorship as a disambiguation feature in EconBiz
No full textName ambiguity of authors is a long-standing challenge in Digital Libraries. Simple
string searches for authors often have unsatisfactory results: publications by the
author in which their name is written differently cannot be found, and publications
by other authors of the same name get included. The authors can be distinguished
with the use of persistent identifers. This improves the search function and also
contributes to the data linking process. But many catalogs of libraries are not fully
disambiguated and it is not feasible for big libraries like the ZBW - Leibniz Information
Centre for Economics to disambiguate the bibliographic records manually.
The goal of this work is to help the ZBW with their disambiguation task. For
this purpose I analysed the datasets of the ZBW and identifed the challenges that
need to be overcome. I proposed an approach which uses already disambiguated
records to assign persistent identifer to ambiguous author references. The approach
could disambiguate ambiguous author references, though the quality of the
method needs to be further evaluated.:List of Figures
List of Tables
Listings
List of Algorithms
1 Introduction
1.1 Aim of the work
1.2 Structure of the thesis
2 Author disambiguation
2.1 Formal defnition
2.2 Types of disambiguation methods
2.3 Types of disambiguation features
2.4 Co-authorship as a disambiguation feature
3 The datasets of the ZBW
3.1 Methodology
3.2 Analysing the Econis data
3.3 Disambiguating names from other sources
4 Current approaches
4.1 Solving the common name problem
4.2 An incremental approach
4.3 Approaches in related fields
5 Proposal of an application-relevant approach
5.1 Disambiguation approach
5.2 Test datasets
5.3 Evaluation of the results
5.3.1 Partly disambiguated bibliographic records
5.3.2 Ambiguous bibliographic records with two or more authors
5.3.3 Ambiguous bibliograpic records with one author
6 Conclusion
A Full figures
B Extended tables
C Full results of the tests of the proposed method
C.1 Partly disambiguated bibliographic records
C.2 Ambiguous bibliographic records
Bibliograph
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
No full textThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Protecting Animals 36: Author Witi Ihimaera
No full textIn this very special episode of Knowing Animals I am joined by beloved New Zealand author Witi Ihimaera. Witi has written many books featuring nonhuman animals. He offers us a non-colonial lens through which to think about the human/nonhuman relationship
Author Under Sail The Imagination of Jack London, 1893-1902
No full textIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Intro -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Dedication -- Contents -- Acknowledgments -- Introduction -- 1. Spirit Truth -- 2. From Absorption to Theatricality and Back Again -- 3. "I Will Build a New Present" -- 4. Sons as Authors -- 5. Fathers as Publishers -- 6. The Daughter as Author -- 7. Lovers as Authors -- 8. At Sea with the Family -- 9. Yellow News, Yellow Stories -- 10. The Return Home -- Notes -- Bibliography -- Index -- About Jay WilliamsIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources.Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, Michigan : ProQuest Ebook Central, YYYY. Available via World Wide Web. Access may be limited to ProQuest Ebook Central affiliated libraries
Author in Essay by I. A. Goncharov “Pepiniere”
No full textFeatures of the embodiment of the author’s position in the essay by I. A. Goncharov “Pepiniere” are considered. The relevance of the study is due to the poorly studied poetics of this work. A review of the scientific literature on relevant topics is performed. Methodological and theoretical definitions are given. The scientific novelty of the article is in the fact that for the first time attention is paid to artistic techniques that allow to identify the author's position in the specified literary text. The author of the article grounds her opinion from the fact that, despite the dominance of the subjective point of view, other characters’ views stand out in the work. It is concluded in the study that the text of the work represents a biographical author and author-creator. It was established that the position of the author-creator is expressed through the title, epigraphs, which are quotes, as well as through different points of view, including the author-character, the author-narrator, the characters of the work. The author of the article dwells in detail on different ways of expressing the points of view of the author-character and the author-narrator. It is proved that the point of view of the author-character and the author-narrator can intersect, they are interchanged. The author's development of the term comic “point of view” is presented in the article
Espai i identitat en l'obra de Jordi Pere Cerdà. Una geografia literària cerdaniana
No full textL'obra de l'autor nord-català Jordi Pere Cerdà (1920-2011) teixeix una cartografia literària que abasta tota dimensió espacial -real, imaginada i ficcional. Les prospeccions que assagen els seus texts es fonen en el medi natural i rural, canten a l'amor, als veïns i als éssers fantàstics del folklore català, es comprometen amb els refugiats encarant-se a tota frontera i, també, a tot abisme interior i exterior que oprimesca l'ésser. El mapatge cognitiu i literari que crea Cerdà sobrepassa qualsevol obstacle per construir espais oberts i possibles, en comunió amb l'altre. Partint d'una aproximació teòrica geocrítica, aquest treball d'investigació aprofundeix en diverses nocions sobre l'espacialitat lligades a un context convuls, ple de transformacions a nivell socioeconòmic, polític, cultural i lingüístic, el qual determinarà la vida d'un autor i d'un territori transfronterer com el de la Cerdanya i la Catalunya del Nord. En definitiva, la rica experiència vital de Jordi Pere Cerdà ens permet reflexionar sobre les relacions que vulguem establir entre els individus i amb el nostre hàbitat natural i cultural, a fi d'esdevenir membres actius que participen de la transformació dels espais que configuren les nostres identitats.The work of the North Catalan author Jordi Pere Cerdà (1920-2011) weaves a literary cartography which reaches all spatial dimensions -real, imagined and fictional. The prospections proved by their texts merge with the natural and rural environment, sing to love, neighbours and the fantastic beings of the Catalan folklore. Such prospections also commit themselves with the refugees facing every frontier and, also, facing all interior and exterior abyss that oppresses the being. The cognitive and literary mapping created by Cerdà overcomes any obstacle to construct opened and possible spaces, in communion with the other. Based on the theoretical approach called geocriticism, this research study delves into various notions about spatiality linked to a convulsive context, full of transformations at a socioeconomic, political, cultural and linguistic level; these transformations will determine the life of an author and a cross-border territory such as Cerdagne and Northern Catalonia. In short, the rich experience of Jordi Pere Cerdà allows us to reflect on the relationships we want to establish between individuals, as well as between human groups and our natural and cultural habitat, in order to become active members that participate in the transformation of the spaces that make up our identities.Programa de Doctorat en Llengües Aplicades, Literatura i Traducci
Els llibres d'il·lustració infantil i juvenil en l'Educació Artística. Un cas concret a partir de l’autora Olga de Dios
No full textTreball Final de Grau en Mestre o Mestra d'Educació Primària (Pla de 2018). Codi: MP1840. Curs acadèmic: 2021/2022El treball de fi de grau que aneu a veure a continuació, és un projecte que consisteix en com es poden
treballar a les aules de primària els llibres de l’autora i il·lustradora Olga de Dios. Tractant de treballar
el llibre com a objecte artístic a nivell elemental. A més, de presentar a l’autora i il·lustradora, donarla a conèixer i veure els valors que transmet, també llegiríem quatre de les seues obres a l’aula com
són: “Leotolda”, “En familia”, “Rana de Tres Ojos”, i “Pájaro Amarillo”. Tot açò sumat a la
realització d’un quadern de classe on es colorejaria alguns dels seus personatges de les obres seguint
pautes a nivell curricular. Realitzaríem també una eixida a la biblioteca municipal, on a banda de
rebre una educació no formal, ens facilitaria una mica el fet d’endinsar-nos al món de la il·lustració
infantil, on allí dins, el professional encarregat ens guiarà pels llibres que hi haurà a la biblioteca. I,
per a concloure, elaboraríem un llibre creat per l’alumnat on seguint unes pautes establertes per Olga
de Dios al seu llibre “Leotolda” buscaríem fer una retroalimentació intentant contactar amb ella.
D’aquesta manera tancaríem el cicle que vam començar donant-la a conèixer com a escriptora i
il·lustradora, i exploraríem on està el límit de la creativitat del propi alumnat.The final degree project you are going to see below is a project that looks at how books by author and
illustrator Olga de Dios can be worked on in primary school classrooms. Considering the book as an
artistic object at an elementary level. Besides presenting the author and illustrator, introducing her,
and seeing the values she transmits, we would also read four of her works in the classroom, such as:
"Leotolda”, "In the family", "Three-Eyed Frog", and "Yellow Bird.". All this, in addition to the
creation of a class notebook in which some of his characters from her work would be colored
following guidelines at the curricular level. We would also go out to the local library, where in
addition to receiving a non-formal education, it would make it a little easier for us to enter the world
of children's illustration, where inside, the professional in charge will guide us through the books
which will be in the library. And, to conclude, we would make a book created by the students, where
following some guidelines established by Olga de Dios in her book "Leotolda" we would look for
feedback by trying to contact her. In this way, we would close the cycle that we started by presenting
her as an author and illustrator, and we would explore where the limit of creativity of the students
themselves is
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