176 research outputs found
Data on the positive synergic action of dimethylacetamide and trehalose on quality of cryopreserved chicken sperm
No full textAbstractThis data article contains supporting information regarding the research article entitled “Combined effect of permeant and non-permeant cryoprotectants on the quality of frozen/thawed chicken sperm”(Mosca et. al., 2016) [1]. The combined effect of the permeant cryoprotectants agent dimethylacetamide and the non-permeant cryoprotectants agent trehalose on the quality of frozen-thawed chicken semen was assessed. In particular, the quantitative dimethylacetamide/trehalose ratio was investigated freezing semen samples according to the following treatments: trehalose 0.1M+0% dimethylacetamide (DMA-0), trehalose 0.1M+3% dimethylacetamide (DMA-3), trehalose 0.1M+6% dimethylacetamide (DMA-6)
Complete genome sequence of Mycobacterium sp. MS1601, a bacterium performing selective oxidation of polyols
No full textCorynebacterium sp. (ATCC 21245) is reclassified here as Mycobacterium sp. MS1601 based on 16S rRNA gene and complete-genome sequence analysis. It is able to oxidize branched polyols to corresponding hydroxycarboxylic acids. The total size of the genome sequence was 6,829,132 bp, including one circular chromosome of 6,407,860 bp
Efficacy of Caltropis procera and Ficus sycomorus extracts in treating MRSA (methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus)-keratitis in rabbit
No full textMRSA-induced keratitis in rabbit was used to evaluate the therapeutic effect of F. sycomorus leaves and C. procera latex extracts. Within the 6 rabbit groups tested, group 1 received sterilized saline, while other groups (2 to 6) received 100 μl of intrastromal injections of 1.5×103 colony forming unit (cfu) ml-1 of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). After 12 hours, groups 3 to 6 also received chloramphenicol, aqueous extract of C. procera latex, aqueous and alcoholic extracts of F. sycomorus leaves, respectively 3 times daily for 12 successive days. The tested extracts inhibited MRSA growth in vitro (i.e. on culture medium). Colony counts in cornea discs from groups 3 to 6 were significantly reduced (P ≤ 0.001) compared to group 2 (untreated). Clinical signs of keratitis were observed on group 2 until the end of experiment. In groups 3 to 6, gradual recovery was observed and signs disappeared by the 12th DPI (days post inoculation). Only mild symptoms persisted in group 5 (aqueous extract of leaves). In group 3 and 5, cornea, iris, ciliary body and conjunctiva showed mild leukocytic infiltration and depigmentation of melanin cells while recovery of cornea and iris was observed in groups 4 and 6. In conclusion, the used extracts have potential therapeutic effects on MRSA-induced keratitis in rabbit
Conservation in an Islamic context a case study of Makkah
No full textThe Holy Qu’ rān contains many injunctions for Muslims to respect and conserve the natural environment but few address the built environment. Habitat at the time of the Prophet (PBOH) was in the vernacular and relatively impermanent. The first habitat was the cave, the second the tent and then simple flat roofed buildings of post and lintel construction made of mud and rubble. Later buildings were not indigenous but reflected the architectural styles and techniques of Muslim pilgrims from beyond the Arabian Peninsula. Permanent exotic buildings were later erected as reminders of holy places and events. This work advances a case to restore and preserve historic and religious sites in Makkah, Saudi Arabia. Makkah is the destination for millions of Muslim pilgrims who annually pay homage to Allah during the occasions of Hajj, Ramadan and Umra. The tranquillity and peaceful ambience that one associates with the holiest of Islamic experiences have, over the years, given way to jostling crowds of people who must be expediently housed, fed, transported, and protected. Due to the lack of planning and the insensitive but profitable development of the city, Makkah is in grave danger of becoming a bustling metropolis instead of a sanctuary where pilgrims gather to perform their religious rites and reaffirm their dedication to Allah. The author calls for professional planning and international cooperation to guide future development for this expanding and sensitive area. The author's ideas are grounded in practical and aesthetic study, therefore, the political, environmental and economic issues are examined in relationship to religious, historic and artistic values. The author makes proposals for a future Makkah that would provide pilgrims with the physical comforts, security, and serene environment they deserve—without destroying the city they came to visit. The author discusses preservation and conservation in the western world and the need for their acceptance in Muslim countries, the former being an aesthetic and intellectual concept sustained by law and the latter being the prescribed free expression of the individual unhindered by material considerations. Both worlds are rapidly being overwhelmed by materialism, but body, mind and spirit combine in making us aware of our surroundings and the way in what we see around us has come into being
Sectoral allocation by gender of Latin American workers over the liberalization period of the 1990s
No full textThe recent restructuring of Latin American economies has renewed interest in the effects of trade liberalization, on labor markets, and on the gender division of labor. The author does not attempt to establish casuality between economic reforms, and the types of jobs that men and women hold. Instead, she provides a detailed description of the trends in male, and female formal, and informal sector participation during the economic reform period in Argentina, Brazil, and Costa Rica. The author first compares the gender composition of the formal, informal wage, and self-employment sectors in a year before reforms (1988 for Argentina, 1989 for Brazil, and Costa Rica), and a year after reforms implementation (1997 for Argentina, 1995 for Brazil and Costa Rica). Although women continued to be more likely than men to work in the informal wage sector, there is no trend of"masculinization"or"feminization"of the informal sector, or any other. Instead, in Argentina men have overtaken women as the most prevalent workers in the informal wage sector, while in Brazil, the opposite has occurred (as men move into self-employment). In Costa Rica there have been no statistical, observable changes. The author then considers the distribution across sectors within each gender group, to identify whether men, and women are more likely to select different sectors in the post-reform period relative to the pre-reform period. Among both men, and women in all three countries (except Brazilian men), workers have become more likely to hold informal wage jobs, and less likely to hold formal sector jobs. Trends in human capital accumulation explain these changes for both men, and women, while changes in gender roles, primarily in homecare and marriage, do not seem to have an effect.Health Monitoring&Evaluation,Labor Policies,Population&Development,Public Health Promotion,Environmental Economics&Policies,Health Monitoring&Evaluation,Environmental Economics&Policies,Population&Development,Banks&Banking Reform,Work&Working Conditions
Breadwinner or caregiver? - how household role affectslabor choices in Mexico
No full textRecent volatility in the Mexican economy, has required households to alter patterns of participation in the labor force, voluntarily or not. The author uses panel data to examine patterns of labor force entry among adult men, and women with different household responsibilities, asking whether gender is a primary determinant, shaping these patterns. She finds that labor supply patterns are driven more by household role, than by gender. Heads of households, regardless of sex, behave similarly. Women who have neither spouses, nor children behave more like men, than like married women. They are also more likely than any other group to have inflexible, higher-paying jobs in the formal sector - which raises the question: Do employers discriminate, based on gender, or on household structure? She also detects a strong added-worker effect among secondary workers, a result not detected in the labor markets of developed countries that have social insurance programs. Finally she finds that wives'choice of sector during downturns, is subject to the households'earning needs, that husbands use informal wage, or contract employment as an employer of last resort, only in response to negative income shocks to the household, and that single mothers do not select the informal sector over the formal sector in response to either expected, or realized negative income shocks. The policy implications? Interventions that target women aren't necessarily appropriate, because women are heterogeneous. And programs that aid household heads - male or female - should be directed toward employment that will last beyond the economic shock.Environmental Economics&Policies,Labor Markets,Educational Policy and Planning,Labor Policies,Health Economics&Finance,Environmental Economics&Policies,Health Economics&Finance,Labor Markets,Educational Policy and Planning,Health Monitoring&Evaluation
Timed execution in distributed machine learning
No full textDeep learning powers many transformative core technologies including Autonomous Driving, Natural Language Translation, and Automatic Medical Diagnosis. Its exceptional ability to extract intricate structures from high-dimensional data takes the credit for major advances in machine learning.
Essential ingredients that make Deep Learning possible include: the availability of a massive curated data, a well-designed model, and readily available high-performance computation. The computation used in training deep neural networks has doubled every 3.4 months since 2012, five times faster than Moore's law. Fulfilling this massive computational demand that has long outgrown the capability of a single high-end node is vital to keep extending the flow of innovations. For example, in 2018, the AlphaGoZero model trained with 1.89 ExaFlops/s times a day. The state-of-the-art GPU at the time, NVidia V-100, could only deliver 125 TeraFlops. In a meanwhile, Summit, the fastest supercomputer in the world, could sustain 1 ExaFlops/s using 27,360 NVidia V-100 GPUs through distributed computation.
This dissertation studies the challenges of scaling out an ML job to keep up with the computational demand, specifically the problems stemmed from the complex interplay of various resources in the distributed ML. In the first stage of this research, we developed methods and systems to properly observe a distributed ML environment by tracing a distributed execution, visualizing the results, and expanding the observability to the production infrastructure. Later we developed three systems to address scalability challenges using these methods and systems based on a precise execution timing of the spectrum of resources:
Network: TicTac reduces internal computation delays by enforcing a near-optimal order on network transfers, which results in up to 37.7% throughput increases.
Computation: Caramel increases the network utilization and decreases network congestion by modifying the order of computation and choosing the most fitted collective primitive for the workload. This result in cutting the training time up by a factor of up to . While computation and network scheduling suggest an order of execution, TimedRPC addresses the issue of correctly enforcing this order by implementing a priority-based scheduling through pre-emption where an on-going transfer can be paused when a transfer with higher priority is requested.
I/O: Diot maximizes the I/O throughput by tuning knobs such as number of concurrent I/O requests and read size on I/O pipeline. Additionally it detects the I/O delivery unfairness which may causes a struggling worker due to slow I/O through.
Thesis Statement: Heuristic timing of distributed machine learning execution leads to utilization optimizations for computation, network, and storage, which in turn improves the overall throughput. In general, any multi-resource optimization involving parallelism is at least NP-Hard.Submission original under an indefinite embargo labeled 'Open Access'. The submission was exported from vireo on 2020-08-25 without embargo termsThe student, Hadi Hashemi, accepted the attached license on 2020-05-02 at 16:29.The student, Hadi Hashemi, submitted this Dissertation for approval on 2020-05-02 at 23:01.This Dissertation was approved for publication on 2020-05-08 at 15:05.DSpace SAF Submission Ingestion Package generated from Vireo submission #14892 on 2020-08-25 at 17:05:26Made available in DSpace on 2020-08-26T21:54:05Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 3
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Previous issue date: 2020-05-08"Updated information in dc.creator field from ""Hashemi, Hadi"" to ""Hashemi, Sayed Hadi"" by request of the author.
TWO-PHOTON ABSORPTION AS A QUENCHING MECHANISM FOR STIMULATED RAMAN SCATTERING OF LASER RADIATION
No full textAuthor Institution: Electro-Optical Systems IncorporatedThis work was supported in part by the Air Force Avionics Laboratory, Research and Technology Division, Air Force Systems Command, U. S. Air Force. J. A. Giordmaine and J. A. Howe, Phys. Rev. Letters 11, 207 (1963). M. El-Sayed, F. M. Johnson and J. A. Duardo, J. Chem, Phys., to be published. J. A. Duardo and F. M. Johnson, J. Chem, Phys., to be published.Most investigations of stimulated Raman scattering involve the use of giant-pulsed ruby laser radiation . With the exception of the materials commonly used as scattering samples are free of absorption at wavelengths corresponding to two-photon energies () of this excitation source. However, when the second harmonic radiation () of the giant-pulsed neodymium laser is used, two-photon absorption becomes energetically possible for seattering materials such as benzene, and its substituted derivatives, and the alkyl Theoretical and experimental evidence will be presented which tends to confirm that, for those systems in which the selection rules for two-photon absorption are satisfied, two-photon absorption can occur to such an extent that it completely quenches the SRS process. On the other hand, for some materials which are transparent at , e.g., hexane, cyclohexane, acetonitrile, there is evidence that the radiation is more efficient than the radiation in the production of SRS
Development of A Culturally Adapted Treatment for South Asian Trauma Survivors
No full textDue to the sensitive nature of this qualitative research, raw data is not available publicly. Inquiries for data access can be made to Dr. Asnaani ([email protected]) and Dr. Contractor ([email protected]). Access may be granted for authorized research purposes, subject to a signed data usage agreement.
For detailed information on the methods/study design that provide the context in which these measures were used and major data themes emerged, please see published manuscript:
Contractor, A. A.* & Asnaani, A.*, Rodenbaugh, M. J., Kaur, K., Leroy, T., Sayed, S., Bahl, N., Bhimla, A., Naeem, F., Thomas, F., Vemula-Queijo, G., & Zoellner, L. (2026). Traumatic stress intervention research for the South Asian American diaspora: A methodological protocol article. Psychological Trauma: Theory, Research, Practice, and Policy. Advance online publication. https://doi.org/10.1037/tra0002111Research, Practice, and Policy. 10.1037/tra0002111.
*Co-first author
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