2,602 research outputs found
Colorectal video-assisted surgery in Uruguay, after 106 cases
No full textMarcelo Viola Malet: Clínica Quirúrgica “B”. Facultad de Medicina. Universidad de la República, Uruguay.-- Marcelo Laurini: Clínica Quirúrgica “3”. Facultad de Medicina. Universidad de la República, Uruguay.-- Justino Zeballos: Clínica Quirúrgica “B”. Facultad de Medicina. Universidad de la República, Uruguay.-- Nicolás Muniz: Clínica Quirúrgica “B”. Facultad de Medicina. Universidad de la República, Uruguay.-- Pablo Rodríguez Goñi: Clínica Quirúrgica “F”. Facultad de Medicina. Universidad de la República, Uruguay.-- Fernando Castelli: . Clínica Quirúrgica “A”. Facultad de Medicina. Universidad de la República, Uruguay.-- Gustavo Sánchez: Clínica Quirúrgica “2”. Facultad de Medicina. Universidad de la República, Uruguay.-- César Canessa: Clínica Quirúrgica “B”. Facultad de Medicina. Universidad de la República, Uruguay.-- Humberto Viola: Departamento de Cirugía, MUCAM, Montevideo, Uruguay. Contacto: Marcelo Viola Malet. E-mail: [email protected] advenimiento de la cirugía laparoscópica ha tenido un gran impacto en la cirugía gastrointestinal en los últimos 20 años. En particular la cirugía laparoscópica colorrectal es sin dudas el desarrollo técnico más importante en la cirugía de colon y recto de los últimos 15 años, y probablemente tendrá un impacto significativo en la formación quirúrgica y en los resultados de esta cirugía. En este trabajo intentamos reflejar nuestra experiencia en la cirugía laparoscópica colorrectal refiriéndonos a los aspectos fundamentalmente técnicos, el instrumental y nuestros resultados a corto y mediano plazo con este tipo de abordaje para la patología colorrectal. Contamos con experiencia en 106 casos de cirugía colorrectal laparoscópica, 63 hombres y 43 mujeres, desde noviembre de 2007 hasta marzo de 2014. En los últimos 4 años se operaron un promedio de 22 pacientes por año. Nuestra serie presentó un índice de falla de sutura del 4.72% y una mortalidad operatoria del 3.7%. El seguimiento promedio de los pacientes fue de 22 meses, con un mínimo de 1 y un máximo de 59 meses. La sobrevida global de la serie fue de 96.9%, con una media de sobrevida de 56.8 meses (IC: 54.3 – 59.2 meses); y una sobrevida libre de enfermedad de 90.7%, con una media de tiempo libre de la enfermedad de 52.2 meses (IC: 48.2 -56.3 meses). La cirugía laparoscópica colorrectal es factible y segura, con cifras de morbimortalidad similares a
las presentadas en series a nivel mundial, tanto en cirugía laparoscópica como laparotómica, así como en la radicalidad oncológica de las resecciones.The advent of laparoscopic surgery has had a huge impact on gastrointestinal surgery in the past 20 years. Laparoscopic colorectal surgery is undoubtedly the most important technical development of the past 15 years, and will very likely have a significant impact on surgical training and on the results of this surgery. In recent years, significant events have happened in the history of surgery that have led us to develop new concepts, new terms, and different ways of performing the same techniques. In this paper we try to show our experience in laparoscopic colorectal surgery, mainly referring to the technical aspects, tools and our results in the short and medium term with this type of approach for colorectal disease. We have done 106 laparoscopic colorectal surgeries, 63 men and 43 women were operated since November 2007 to March 2014. In the last 4 years an average of 22 patients were operated per year. Our series presents a suture failure rate of 4.72% and an operative mortality of 3.7%. The average patient follow-up was 22 months, with a minimum of 1 and a maximum of 59 months. Overall survival
in the series was 96.9%, with a median survival of 56.7 months (CI: 54.3 to 59.2 months) and disease free survival of 90.7% with a half off due to illness 52.2 months (CI: 48.2 to 56.3 months). Laparoscopic colorectal surgery is feasible and safe, with figures similar to those presented in series worldwide, both in laparotomic and laparoscopic surgery, as well as in cancer morbidity radical resections
Marcelo dascal and the literal meaning debates
No full textWhat role does literal meaning play in people’s understanding of indirect and figurative language? Scholars from many disciplines have debated this issue forseveral decades. This chapter describes these debates, especially focusing on the arguments between the author and Marcelo Dascal. I suggest that Dascal’s defense of “moderate literalism” may have some validity, contrary to some of my earlier arguments against this point of view. The chapter acknowledges the strong contribution that Marcelo Dascal has made to interdisciplinary discussions on language and thought
Marcelo Cohen’s Work : Between Fantastic Sociology and Fictional Geography
No full textCette thèse étudie les notions de géographie imaginaire et de sociologie fantastique dans l’œuvre de Marcelo Cohen (Buenos Aires, 1951). Le corpus de travail comprend l’ensemble de la production de fiction narrative de l’auteur (contes, nouvelles et romans en une vingtaine d’ouvrages) entre son premier recueil de récits, Lo que queda (1972), et son roman Balada (2011). La thèse est organisée en trois parties : la première (« Marcelo Cohen et son œuvre. Perspectives théoriques et méthodologiques ») propose une présentation de l’auteur et de son œuvre et un bilan théorique et pratique des notions de géographie imaginaire et de sociologie fantastique ; la deuxième (« Écrire l’espace ») analyse la construction de l’espace dans le corpus choisi dans une double démarche chronologique et figurative ; la troisième (« Littérature et société ») se penche sur les manifestations des dimensions idéologiques, sociales et politiques, et sur les relations entre l’individu et la société dans les ouvrages de Marcelo Cohen. Le travail s’achève par une réflexion globale sur la poétique et l’esthétique de l’auteur argentin.This thesis considers such concepts as fictional Geography and fantastic Sociology in Marcelo Cohen’s work (Buenos Aires, 1951).The body of this research includes all the narrative fiction by this author (some twenty tales, short stories and novels in total), between his first collection of stories, Lo que queda (1972), and his novel Balada (2011).Our thesis develops three domains : the first one (« Marcelo Cohen and his work, a theoretical and methodological outlook ») introduces the author and his work, along with a theoretical and practical evaluation of such concepts as fictional Geography and fantastic Sociology ; the second one (« Space in writing ») analyzes the make of space in the selected books, in a dual approach : both chronological and representational ; the last one (« Literature and society ») addresses the expressions of ideological, sociological and political dimensions, plus the relationship between a particular person and his/her society in Marcelo Cohen’s works. This research ends with a global consideration of poetry and estheticism in the work of our Argentinean author
Primeiro caso de excisão total do mesorreto transanal (TaTME) para tratamento de câncer de reto meio em um centro universitário de ensino: aspectos tecnicos
No full textAlejandra Liz: Jefe de Residentes, Clínica Quirúrgica “1”, Prof. Dr. Fernando González. Hospital Pasteur,
Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de la República. Montevideo, Uruguay. Correo electrónico: [email protected] ORCID: 0000-0002-1530-4782 -- Emilia Cerchiari: Asistente de clase, Clínica Quirúrgica “1”, Prof. Dr. Fernando González. Hospital Pasteur, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de la República. Montevideo, Uruguay. Correo electrónico: [email protected] ORCID: 0000-0002-4619-829X -- Álvaro Lavega: Residente de Cirugía, Clínica Quirúrgica “1”, Prof. Dr. Fernando González. Hospital Pasteur,
Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de la República. Montevideo, Uruguay. Correo electrónico: [email protected] ORCID: 0000-0002-0993-6847 -- Marcelo Viola: Profesor Agregado, Clínica Quirúrgica “1”, Prof. Dr. Fernando González. Hospital Pasteur, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de la República. Montevideo, Uruguay. Correo electrónico: [email protected] ORCID: 0000-0003-2733-5276La escisión mesorrectal transanal (TaTME: transanal total mesorectal escision) es la última de una larga lista de desarrollos técnicos y tecnológicos para el tratamiento del cáncer de recto medio y bajo. Incluso para los cirujanos colorrectales experimentados, lograr una escisión mesorrectal total (emt) de calidad en cirugía oncológica no siempre es sencillo, por la dificultad de obtener un adecuado acceso a la pelvis.
Los estudios realizados han mostrado resultados comparables al abordaje laparoscópico, con tasas elevadas de escisiones mesorrectales completas y bajo porcentaje de margen circunferencial radial (CRM: circumferential radial margin) y distal positivos, con un adecuado número de ganglios resecados.
Como toda técnica nueva, su implementación puede traer consecuencias no intencionales. La complejidad del abordaje, la dificultad en la identificación de nuevos repères y planos anatómicos, ha llevado a complicaciones graves como la lesión uretral o la siembra tumoral pelviana. Por ello, la comunidad quirúrgica ha retrasado la implementación masiva de la técnica y desarrollado estrategias de enseñanza y monitorización de este procedimiento para su realización en centros de alto volumen.
El objetivo de esta publicación es presentar el primer caso de TaTME en un centro docente universitario y difundir en nuestra comunidad científica el fundamento de la técnica, sus indicaciones, describir los principales pasos técnicos, complicaciones, resultados oncológicos y funcionales.Transanal total mesorectal excision (TaTME) is the last of a long list of technical and technological developments for treatment of middle and low rectal cancer. Even for skilled colorectal surgeons, achieving a good quality total mesorectal excision (TME) in oncology surgery is not always simple, due to the difficulty of obtaining optimal access to the pelvis.
So far, studies have shown similar results to laparoscopic surgery, with high rates of complete mesorectal excisions and low rate of circumferential radial margin (CRM) and distal margin with an appropriate number of resected lymph nodes.
Like every new technique, its implementation can bring unwanted consequences. The complexity of the approach, the difficulty in the identification of new landmarks and anatomic planes, has led to serious complications such as urethral injury or tumoral seeding. This has made slowdown the massive implementation of the technique among the surgical community, addressing the need of developing training programs and mentoring of this procedure that belongs to high volume centers.
The aim of this publication is to present the first case of TaTME in a teaching tertiary center and spread, in our scientific community, the principles of the technique, its indications, main technical steps, complications and functional and oncologic results.A excisão mesorretal transanal (TaTME: transanal total mesorectal escision) é o mais recente de uma longa linha de desenvolvimentos técnicos e tecnológicos para o tratamento do câncer retal inferior e médio. Mesmo para cirurgiões colorretais experientes, nem sempre é fácil obter uma excisão total do mesorreto (EMT) de qualidade em cirurgia de câncer, devido à dificuldade de obter acesso adequado à pelve.
Os estudos realizados mostraram resultados comparáveis à abordagem laparoscópica, com altas taxas de excisões completas do mesorreto e baixo percentual de margem radial circunferencial positiva (CRM: circumferential radial margin) e distal, com número adequado de linfonodos ressecados.
Como qualquer nova técnica, sua implementação pode ter consequências não intencionais. A complexidade da abordagem, a dificuldade em identificar novos repères e planos anatômicos, levou a complicações graves, como lesão uretral ou semeadura de tumor pélvico. Por esse motivo, a comunidade cirúrgica atrasou a implementação massiva da técnica e desenvolveu estratégias de ensino e acompanhamento desse procedimento para sua realização em centros de alto volume.
O objetivo desta publicação é apresentar o primeiro caso de TaTME em um centro de ensino universitário e divulgar em nossa comunidade científica as bases da técnica, suas indicações, descrever as principais etapas técnicas, complicações, resultados oncológicos e funcionais
Urgent Writings. On science, education and justice. Reflections on the neoliberal advance
No full textBook review: "Escritos Urgentes. On science, education and justice. Reflexiones ante el avance neoliberal". Author: Grupo CyTA Year 2017. Editorial: Punto de Encuentro. Origin: Argentina By Marcelo Rui
Explore inhabitants’ perceptions of wildfire and mitigation behaviours in the Cerrado biome, a fire-prone area of Brazil
No full textFire represents an important natural feature of Brazilian landscape, especially in the Cerrado biome. The Cerrado is the economic livelihood of thousands of people from rural areas in Brazil. It is one of the most important hotspot of biodiversity in the world but also it is a fire-prone area thanks to the high flammability index of the vegetation. Residents and native people of this environment use fire very frequently. The majority of wildfires are caused by humans, though there are some aggravating natural factors affecting the risk, intensity and severity of wildfires. Since residents are continuously involved in fire suppression activities, understanding their perceptions is important for the decision makers who must assess the local capacity to preserve natural resources. This study explores perceptions about wildfire risk and fire mitigation behaviors within three municipalities of the state of Tocantins (Brazil). The study demonstrates that survey participants perceived wildfire risk as rather high, although the perceptions were complex and conflicting among interviewees. A wide range of confused perceptions about fire ignition and heterogeneous point of view have carried out form the survey. However, the residence of interviewees and their educational attainment result the variables that significantly (p-value <0.05) affect the inhabitants’ perceptions
Marcelo Cohen. Las fundaciones de la ciencia ficción
No full textThe present work analyzes the forms that Science fiction takes in Marcelo Cohen´s narrative. By outlining certain characteristics of the genre, it is considered the ways how these are reformulated according to the Romantic epistemological paradigm that the author picks up, blending it with concepts of quantum and chaos theories, to postulate a model of Realism. Within this context, the initial analysis of the author´s self-fashioning and essays is useful to think the proposal of a singular ontology in his fictions
Network analysis to support environmental resources management. A case study in the Cerrado, Brazil
No full textThe study examines citizens’ opinions about one crucial factor: the fire that affects the Brazilian savannah “Cerrado”. The paper aims at introducing a new tool that facilitates the assessment of people’s behaviour in order to support practitioners and decision makers to develop management strategies that fostering the environmental conservation, economic growth and human wellbeing. The study applies the network analysis in order to analyse the citizens’ opinions about causes of fire ignition and suppression activities for firefighting evoked by local inhabitants during the face-to-face interviews. The main finding carried out in thiswork is the usefulness of a cognitive map for synthesising a variety of people’s beliefs. Furthermore, the study reveals the general lack of awareness among people concerning fire use and management and the careless use of fire in rural activities. The chi-square test reveals that natural and physical dimensions affect society’s beliefs with statistical significanc
Marcelo Cohen. Las fundaciones de la ciencia ficción
No full textEl presente trabajo analiza la forma que asume la ciencia ficción en la obra de Marcelo Cohen. A partir de un recorrido por ciertas particularidades del género se reflexiona acerca de cómo éstas se reformulan de acuerdo con el paradigma epistemológico romántico que el autor retoma, y que conjuga con conceptos de la cuántica y de las teorías del caos, en vistas de la postulación de un modelo de realismo. En este contexto, el análisis inicial de las autofiguraciones del autor y de sus ensayos sirve para pensar la propuesta de una ontología singular en sus ficciones.The present work analyzes the forms that Science fiction takes in Marcelo Cohen´s narrative. By outlining certain characteristics of the genre, it is considered the ways how these are reformulated according to the Romantic epistemological paradigm that the author picks up, blending it with concepts of quantum and chaos theories, to postulate a model of Realism. Within this context, the initial analysis of the author´s self-fashioning and essays is useful to think the proposal of a singular ontology in his fictions
A cantoria de viola na contemporaneidade: seus poetas em performance e memórias; estratégias para formação poética de apologistas e repentistas
No full textThe cantoria de viola, poetic art that constitutes the creation of improvise verses by a couple of repentistas - established in the Brazilian Northeast from the beginning of the 19th century - motivated especially by the impulse of the new social media, goes through a special moment. The placement of programs that involve the improvising art, through 'lives' of radio stations on the internet, as well as the massification of social media which deal with the theme, stimulating even more the repente art. In this context, the city of Campina Grande (PB) has revealed itself as one of the great centers of improvising viola expression. In this thesis, a Case Study and of a Participating kind, I propose to investigate this poetic expression in contemporary times, based on my experience as an apologist participating in the WhatsApp Clube do Repente group, based in this city. To this end, I have delimited a corpus of data collection based on three axes: in the first, I catalog cantoria de viola events that occurred in the geographic area between the states of Piauí, Ceará, Rio Grande do Norte, Paraíba and Pernambuco, between the months December 2017 and May 2018; in the second analysis, the poetic production of cantadores and apologists in the mentioned app above, between February and March 2018; and finally, I analyze the performances of artists from different age groups - most of whom are members of the Clube - that took place in different cantoria de viola events between 2018 and 2019. I started from the central hypothesis that this group exerts strategic importance for repente art as a forum of discussion, publicity and broadcasting of events and issues specific to viola singing, as well as a school for learning new poets and apologists of the genres most practiced in cantoria de viola. In fact, the analyzes pointed to some conclusions, among which I highlight: the increase of 'lives', on the internet, of programs by radio stations that broadcast cantoria events and / or general discussions about repente art, a fact that, little by little, it drives a new paradigm in the relations with this media: the 'see' radio replacing the 'listen' radio; Clube do Repente, as well as other WhatsApp groups spread across the Northeast, have proven to be effective media supports for boosting not only the poetic production of cantadores, but also of apologists; slight advantage, in terms of performance, of the socalled young singers (age groups A and B, up to 45 years old), when compared to those of age groups C and D (over 45 years old), in different themes. However, for the defense of motes and issues related to political party issues, most of the cantadores assumed an ideological tendency of the socalled left, with the systematic defense of the innocence of former President Lula; the vast majority of professionals live on the margins and depend on another activity to survive, with the exception of famous people who self-manage or those who depend on promoters of cantoria, which are not always well intentioned; internal disputes between singers, which involve disputes over territories, egos, envies, wages and jealousy seem to denounce a very disjointed and dispersed professional category.NenhumaA cantoria de viola, arte poética que se constitui na criação de versos de improviso por uma dupla de repentistas - estabelecida no Nordeste brasileiro a partir dos primórdios do Século XIX – por impulso das mídias sociais, atravessa um momento ímpar. A veiculação de programas que envolvem a arte do repente, através de ‘lives’ de emissoras de rádio na internet, bem como a massificação de mídias sociais que tratam da questão, têm estimulado cada vez mais a arte do repente. Neste contexto, a cidade de Campina Grande (PB) tem se revelado como um dos grandes centros de expressão do improviso de viola. Nesta tese, um Estudo de Caso e de natureza Participante, proponho-me investigar esta expressão poética na contemporaneidade, a partir de minha experiência de apologista participante do grupo de WhatsApp Clube do Repente, sediado nesta cidade. Para tal, delimitei um corpus de coleta de dados a partir de três eixos: no primeiro, catalogo os eventos de cantoria de viola ocorridos na circunscrição geográfica entre os estados do Piauí, Ceará, Rio Grande do Norte, Paraíba e Pernambuco, entre os meses de dezembro de 2017 e maio de 2018; no segundo analiso a produção poética de cantadores e apologistas no aplicativo supramencionado, entre fevereiro e março de 2018; e por fim analiso as performances de repentistas de diferentes faixas etárias – a maioria participantes do Clube - ocorridas em diferentes eventos de cantoria de viola, entre 2018 e 2019. Parti da hipótese central de que este grupo exerce importância estratégica para arte do repente enquanto fórum de discussão, publicização e irradiação dos eventos e questões próprios da cantoria de viola, bem como escola de aprendizagem de novos poetas e apologistas dos gêneros mais praticados na cantoria de viola. Com efeito, as análises apontaram para algumas conclusões, dentre as quais destaco: o aumento das ‘lives’, na internet, de programações de emissoras de rádio que veiculam eventos de cantoria e/ou discussões gerais acerca da arte do repente, fato que, aos poucos, impulsiona um novo paradigma nas relações com esta mídia: o ‘ver’ rádio substituindo o ‘ouvir’ rádio; o Clube do Repente, assim como outros grupos de WhatsApp espalhados pelo Nordeste, têm se revelado como eficazes suportes de mídia para impulso não só da produção poética de cantadores, mas também de apologistas; ligeira vantagem, em termos de desempenho, dos chamados jovens cantadores (faixas etárias A e B, até os 45 anos), quando comparados aos das faixas etárias C e D (maior que 45 anos), em diferentes temáticas. Entretanto, para a defesa dos motes e assuntos relacionados às questões político-partidárias, a maioria dos cantadores assumiram tendência ideológica da chamada esquerda, com a defesa sistemática da inocência do ex-presidente Lula; a grande maioria dos profissionais vive às margens e dependem de outra atividade para sobreviver, excetuando-se os famosos que se autoempresariam ou os que dependem de promoventes de cantoria, nem sempre bem intencionados; as disputas internas entre cantadores, que envolvem disputas por territórios, egos, invejas, cachês e ciúmes parecem denunciar uma categoria profissional bastante desarticulada e dispers
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