153 research outputs found
Association of lifestyle risk factors with metabolic syndrome components: A cross-sectional study in Eastern India
No full textBackground: Approximately 20%–25% of the world adult population and nearly 30% of Indians have metabolic syndrome disorder. Our objective was designed to find out the association between important nutrients and potential lifestyle risk factors such as diet, physical inactivity, and smoking and alcohol consumption with the number of metabolic syndrome components. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study. A total of 205 patients of metabolic syndrome were enrolled for this study. Diagnosis of metabolic syndrome was done on the basis of National Cholesterol Education Program Adult Treatment Panel III criteria (NCEP ATP III 2004).Dietary data were collected with the validated food frequency questionnaire and 24 h dietary recall method, and the nutrient intake was calculated with the specially designed software. Results: Unhealthy dietary habits were seen more among the participants who had more than 3 risk factors. Results showed the odds of taking> 5 times junk foods was 3 times higher (odds ratio [OR]: 2.97; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.61–5.47), and sweet dishes was 2.3 times higher (OR: 2.33; 95% CI: 1.28–4.24) among the participants who had 4–5 risk factors. However, milk and dairy products > 4 servings/day (OR: 0.54; 95% CI: 0.175–1.67) and pulses and legumes more than 2 servings/day (OR: 0.57; 95% CI: 0.25–1.29) was protective against hypertension. Mean carbohydrate, saturated fat, and sodium intake was significantly higher in the participants who had 4–5 metabolic risk factors compared to 3 risk factors (P < 0.0001). Conclusions: It was concluded that low intake of fruits, vegetables, and higher intake of flesh food and inadequate physical activity significantly associated with the metabolic syndrome risk factors
Different Techniques for Designing and Fabrication of 2D Materials
No full textInternational audienceNanostructured materials (NSMs) are attaining significant attraction from both technological and fundamental science aspect owing to their chemical, physical, magnetic and electronic characteristic differences over conventional bulk material. The objective of this study is to discuss different methods for production of 2D materials. Methods are broadly classified as mechanical and chemical exfoliation methods. The mechanical exfoliation provides versatility and low cost whereas chemical exfoliation provides chemical homogeneity and molecular level mixing. Different techniques under mechanical methods are lithography, sputtering, evaporation, hot plasma, spray pyrolysis, cold plasma, condensation of inert gas phases and chemical methods include techniques such as electrochemical deposition, CVD (chemical vapor deposition), lyotropic liquid crystal templates, laser pyrolysis, sol-gel technique, and LCVD (laser chemical vapor deposition technique). The synthesis and fabrication processes control the morphology and size of product which further improves the performance of 2D NSMs in different applications
Adenocarcinoma of the Small Bowel: A 60-Yr Perspective Derived from M. D. Anderson Cancer Center Tumor Registry
No full textIndian Courts and Social Change: A Case Study of the Doctrine of Informed Consent in Medical Law and Ethics
No full textThe doctrine of informed consent in medical law andethics has a strong grounding in the principle of bodilyautonomy and self-determination of human beings. Thisemphasis on the freedom of every individual to decidewhat is best for his/her body and health has led to severalcontroversies in the area of medical law and ethics inIndia and abroad, especially in the United Kingdom.Being a legal and ethical doctrine, „informed consent‟ hasbeen discarded, accepted, modified and emulated byvarious judgments of courts. This paper will examine theingenuity of courts in bringing about social change byupholding patient autonomy and adopting the doctrine ofinformed consent in the UK. However, this doctrine hasbeen rejected by the Indian Supreme Court, citing thereason that Indian citizens are unprepared and illequippedto understand the complexities of medicaltreatment and procedures. This view, in the author‟sopinion, is a missed opportunity for the Indian SupremeCourt to bring about social change by upholding patientrights and autonomy
Isolation and characterization of endophytes: Biochemical and molecular approach
No full textEndophytes are microorganisms residing inside the plants with an escalating interest for the scientific community. The plethora of endophyte-derived medicinal molecules and the application potentials in agriculture and bioremediation are some of the reasons why endophytes are extensively studied. Endophytes which can be either endophytic fungi or bacteria have been isolated from a wide variety of plants. The huge diversity among the endophytic microbes and the host plants hinders the establishment of a uniform protocol for isolation of endophytes. However, the most common technique that is currently used involves a thorough surface sterilization followed by fragmentation of the plant tissue and culture of the fragments onto agar plates. Nevertheless, non-culturable microorganisms are usually omitted from the aforementioned procedure and molecular approaches have to be applied for a more inclusive isolation. Sequencing of 16S rRNA for bacteria and ITS or 18S rRNA for fungi can be applied to both culturable and unculturable endophytes. Sometimes, morphological examination can be a further validation for the identification of the isolated strains. Subsequently, a variety of biochemical and molecular approaches including colorimetry, spot assays, chromatographies, and gene-targeted PCR (polymerase chain reaction) amplification are performed in order to further characterize the endophytic strains. Scrutinous functional analysis of endophytes may provide valuable insights into the advancement of agriculture, medicine, and industry. In this chapter, methods for the isolation of endophytic bacteria/fungi, identification, and their characterization depending on their functional role are discussed and provided as a helpful toolbox for a new researcher in the endophyte field.</p
Clinico–pathological study of hysterectomy in benign lesions: a study of 379 hysterectomies
No full textBackground: Uterus is a very vital reproductive organ and is subjected to many benign and malignant diseases. Hysterectomy is one of the most frequently performed procedures all over the world. Aims and Objectives of the work was to study the clinical benign indications of hysterectomy specimens and to correlate the findings with the histopathological reports.Methods: A prospective and randomized study was performed in 379 cases of elective hysterectomies for benign lesions.Results: Abdominal hysterectomy was performed in 64.6% cases while vaginal hysterectomy accounted for 35.3% cases. The mean age for hysterectomy was 45 years with a range from 14 to 78 years. Patients mostly presented with menstrual irregularities (34.3%) followed by prolapse uterus (30%). The principle indication of elective hysterectomy was leiomyoma and was present in 197(51.9%) patients, followed by prolapse uterus in 134 (35.3%) and dysfunctional uterine bleeding (DUB) in 26 (6.8%) patients. Maximum numbers of cases of leiomyoma, uterine prolapse and DUB were found in age group of 41-50 yrs.Conclusions: The number of abdominal hysterectomy was more than vaginal hysterectomy. Most common presenting feature was menstrual related symptom followed by prolapsed. The main indication for elective hysterectomy was leiomyoma, prolapsed and DUB.</jats:p
Estimation of Fatigue Life of Epoxy-alumina Polymer Nanocomposites
No full textAbstractEpoxy alumina polymer nanocomposites were synthesized by in-situ polymerization technique. Dispersion of rod shaped alumina nanoparticles, having a length less than 50nm and diameter in the range of 10nm, in the epoxy matrix was achieved using ultrasonication. Nanocomposites having 0.5, 1 and 1.5wt % of alumina nanoparticles were prepared. Good dispersion of alumina nanoparticles in epoxy matrix was observed through transmission electron micrographs of the nanocomposites. Tensile properties and the fatigue life of the nanocomposites were determined. Elastic modulus and tensile strength of the nanocomposites increased up to 1% weight fraction of alumina particles over that of neat epoxy and slight reduction in the elastic modulus and tensile strength of the nanocomposites was observed on further addition of alumina nanoparticles. Fatigue life of nanocomposites was investigated for constant amplitude tensile fatigue load (R=0.1). It was observed that the addition of alumina nanoparticles provides good improvement in fatigue life of epoxy. An increment of three to four times in the fatigue life of nanocomposites having 1.5% alumina particles was observed over that of neat polymer at low stress levels. Whereas increment in fatigue life of nanocomposites decreased at higher stress level (at stress level of 0.5 times that of tensile strength of neat epoxy). Fracture surfaces of specimens in fatigue were examined with the help of scanning electron microscope in order to investigate mechanisms responsible for the increase in fatigue life. Roughness of fractured surfaces of nanocomposites were more in comparison to that of neat epoxy showing consumption of higher energy for fatigue failure causing an increment in the fatigue life of nanocomposites
Cyanobacteria and Azolla in Rice Cultivation/Improving Biological N2-Fixation System in Rice
No full text
- …
