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Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Inflammatorisk tarmsykdom og vurdering av tarmmikrobiota.
Get PDFInflammatorisk tarmsykdom (IBD) er en utbredt sykdom, spesielt i den vestlige verden. IBD klassifiseres normalt under to sykdommer; ulcerøs kolitt (UC) og Crohns sykdom (CD). Årsaken til IBD er ennå ikke kjent, men det er mange vitenskapelige studier som peker i retning av dysbiose i tarmene til den syke pasienten.
Denne oppgaven er en del av et samarbeid mellom Universitetet i Stavanger og Stavanger Universitetssykehus. Prosjektet har som mål å analysere avføringsprøver fra pasienter med IBD. Metodene som brukes er DNA-ekstraksjon, 16S PCR-amplifikasjon, gelelektroforese og Illumina-sekvensering. DNA-ekstraksjonen ga DNA av god kvalitet i 18 (67 %) av 27 prøver. 7 (26 %) av 27 prøver hadde ikke DNA av god kvalitet i henhold til absorbansforhold, A260/A280 og A260/A230. Sekvenseringsresultatene viste et flertall av de vanligste bakteriene i menneskets tarm, fylaene Firmicutes og Bacteroidetes. 5 (16 %) av 32 prøver bestod nesten utelukkende av disse to gruppene.
Dette prosjektet var et lite prosjekt som inneholdt et lite antall prøver. Resultatene er ikke statistisk pålitelige, men gir en indikasjon på hva vi kan finne i en syk tarm. Videre arbeid vil være å samle inn et stort antall prøver og fortsette med disse metodene for å vurdere bakteriell DNA. Dessuten kan bruken av long-read sekvensering åpne muligheten for en dag å finne kuren for IBD.Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a widespread disease, especially in the Western world. IBD is normally classified under two conditions; ulcerative colitis (UC) and Crohn´s disease (CD). The cause of IBD is not yet known, but there are many scientific studies that point in the direction of dysbiosis in the intestines of the diseased patient.
This thesis is part of a collaboration between the University of Stavanger and Stavanger University Hospital. The project aims to analyze stool samples, from patients diseased with IBD. The methods used are DNA extraction, 16S PCR amplification, gel electrophoresis, and Illumina sequencing. The DNA extraction yielded good-quality DNA in 18 (67%) of 27 samples. 7 (26%) of 27 samples did not have good-quality DNA according to the absorbance ratios, A260/A280 and A260/A230. The sequencing results showed a majority of the most common bacteria in the human gut, the phyla Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes. 5 (16%) of 32 samples consisted almost entirely of these two groups.
Lastly, this project was a small project containing a small number of
samples. The results are not statistically reliable but give an indication of what we might find in a diseased gut. Further work would be to collect a large number of samples and proceed with these methods for assessing the bacterial DNA. Also, the use of long-read sequencing could open the possibility of one day finding the cure for IBD
Leaching of Trace Elements From Municipal Solid Waste Incinerator Bottom Ash: Influence of Particle Size Ranges and Incorporation in Cement As Supplementary Cementitious Material
Get PDFThis project is led by the research center earthresQue at NMBU in collabora tion with industrial partners: Stena Recycling, Lindum, NOAH, Perpetuum, and Borregaard. The study investigates the leaching behavior of trace el ements from Norwegian incinerator bottom ash (IBA) through a series of chemical and geochemical analyses. Both non-treated and treated (sieving, water bath, and hot water bath) IBA, as well as mortar samples incorpo rating IBA as a binder material, were characterized using elemental analysis and standardized leaching tests (EN 12457-2). The non-treated IBA were separated into particle size ranges of 0/1 mm, 1/4 mm, 4/8 mm, 8/12 mm and 12/19 mm. Three different treatment methods were performed on the pulverized IBA material. Additionally, the material were made into mortars, to investigate the leaching potential of IBA as a binder material.
The results indicate that the finest particle size range (0/1 mm) of non-treated IBA exhibited the highest leaching of trace elements (chromium (Cr), copper (Cu), molybdenum (Mo), lead (Pb), and zinc (Zn)). In general, the treatment methods had limited impact on reducing leaching behavior, with the exception of Mo, for which both water bath and hot water bath treat ments were effective in reducing its release. Adding IBA as a supplementary cementitious material in mortar reduced the leaching of Mo and antimony (Sb), suggesting immobilization within the matrix, likely due to formation of secondary minerals such as ettringite. Non-treated IBA may be suitable for disposal in inert waste landfills, provided that the finest particle size ranges is excluded. This is due to elevated leaching of trace elements and high concentrations of chloride, sulfate, and dissolved organic carbon in the finer fractions. Mortar samples containing IBA demonstrated leaching concentra tions below the limit values for inert waste landfill, supporting the potential for using IBA as a binder material without increasing environmental risk.
In light of the Norwegian Pollution Control Act, Criteria 5, the leaching behavior of Norwegian IBA are in the same order of magnitude as that of conventional materials such as CEM-1 and coal fly ash currently used in industry, with the exception of Sb in non-treated IBA, and Pb in IBA con taining mortars. Consequently, the study indicates that both the utilization of Norwegian IBA as a binder material and its disposal in inert waste landfills are feasible options with respect to the trace elements analyzed, with some exceptions
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
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